RESUMO
Introduction The deficiency of monoaminergic neurotransmission is important key pathology of depression. With these changes in excitatory neurotransmission in brain it can be hypothesised that this alteration may result into changes in various sympathetic and parasympathetic parameters like Blood pressure, Heart rate and expiratory and inspiratory ratio. Methodology It is a Case Control Observational Study done in collaboration with department of Psychaitry and all patients of depression satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were studied for the changes in Blood pressure using handgrip test and Orthostatic Hypotensive Test while changes resting heart rate was recorded. Result and Conclusion There was increase in heart rate found in depression whereas blood pressure diastolic and systolic were found to be lower than a normal individual.
RESUMO
Smoking is a common habit prevalent in both the urban and rural areas in India. Smoking is a well-known risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a group of lung diseases that includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Pulmonary-function tests provide objective, quantifiable measures of lung function. The objective of the present study was to study and compare the pulmonary function tests among smokers and non-smokers in a rural area, to study the role of possible associated factors and relation of type, quantity and duration of smoking on the pulmonary function tests in Rural Maharashtra. The pulmonary function tests were assessed on computerized spirometer in 400 male subjects comprising of 200 smokers and 200 non smokers. Almost all the pulmonary function parameters were significantly reduced in smokers, more commonly in those aged 50 years and above. Obstructive pulmonary impairment was commonest among smokers. Thus by spirometry a spectrum of lung disorders may be detected at an early stage and subsequent morbidity can be minimized.