Relação entre polimorfismos do gene BCL11A e biomarcadores de hemólise em pacientes com anemia falciforme

A anemia falciforme (AF) é uma doença hematológica causada por uma mutação pontual no gene da β-globina. A hemoglobina S (HbS) gerada devido à mutação forma hemácias com menor meia-vida devido à sua destruição crônica, sendo a principal responsável pelos sinais e sintomas da doença. Os polimorfismos do gene BLC11Ae o uso de hidroxiuréia (HU)modulam a concentração de hemoglobina fetal (HbF), principal inibidora da polimerização da HbS, diminuindo a hemólise e a vaso-oclusão. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de associar os polimorfismos do gene BCL11Acom os biomarcadores de hemólise reticulócitos, bilirrubinas, ácido úrico, lactato desidrogenase (LDH),e metemoglobina (MetHb). Participaram do estudo 45pacientes com AF em uso de HU, de ambos os sexos, atendidos no ambulatório de Hematologia do Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio (HUWC) em Fortaleza-Cearáe 80indivíduos saudáveis como grupo controle. A dosagem de MetHb, de ácido úrico e bilirrubinas foi realizada através de método espectrofotométrico, a de LDH por método cinético, a contagem de reticulócitos por metodologia manual e a avaliação dos polimorfismos do BCL11Apor PCR em tempo real. Os dados obtidos foram analisados utilizando-se o programa estatístico GraphPad Prism...

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hematological disease caused by a point mutation in the β-globin gene. Sickle hemoglobin (HbS) is generateddue to fragile mutation that decreases the red blood cell lifetime due to its chronic destruction, being the main responsible for the signs and symptoms of the disease.The use of hydroxyurea (HU) and genetic polymorphisms on modulates fetal hemoglobin (HbF), the main inhibitor of HbS polymerization, reducing hemolysis and vaso-occlusion.This study aimed to evaluate the association of polymorphisms BCL11 Agene on the hemolysis markers reticulocytes, bilirubin, uric acid, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and methemoglobin (MetHb). The study included 45 patients with SCD of both sexes, in use of HU, attendedin outpatient University Hospital Walter Cantídio (HUWC) in Fortaleza, Ceará, and 80 healthy individuals as a control group. The MetHb, uric acid and bilirubin dosage has performed by spectrophotometric method, the LDH by a kinetic method, the reticulocyte count by manual method and evaluation of BCL11A polymorphisms by PCR in real time. Data were analyzedusing the statistical software GraphPad Prism...

Pattern of hemolysis parameters and association with fetal hemoglobin in sickle cell anemia patients in steady state

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) on hemolysis biomarkers in sickle cell anemia patients. Methods: Fifty adult sickle cell anemia patients were included in the study. All patients were taking hydroxyurea for at least six months and were followed at the outpatient clinic of a hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The control group consisted of 20 hemoglobin AA individuals. The reticulocyte count was performed by an automated methodology, lactate dehydrogenase and uric acid were measured by spectrophotometry and arginase I by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The presence of Hb S was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The level of significance was set for a p-value <0.05. Results: A significant increase was observed in the reticulocyte count and lactate dehydrogenase, uric acid and arginase I levels in sickle cell anemia patients compared to the control group (p-value <0.05). Patients having Hb F levels greater than 10% showed a significant decrease in the reticulocyte count, arginase I and lactate dehydrogenase. A significant decrease was observed in arginase I levels in patients taking hydroxyurea at a dose greater than 20 mg/kg/day. Conclusion: The results of this study show that sickle cell anemia patients have increases in the hemolysis biomarkers, lactate dehydrogenase, reticulocyte count, arginase I, uric acid and increases in Hb F can reduce the reticulocyte count and arginase I and lactate dehydrogenase levels.

Dosagem de metemoglobina em pacientes adultos com anemia falciforme: influência do tratamento com hidroxiureia / Methemoglobin measure in adult patients with sickle-cell anemia: influence of hydroxyurea therapy

Introduction: Hemoglobin S (HbS) is unstable hemoglobin that easily oxidizes, causing methemoglobin (MetHb) increased production in patients with sickle-cell anemia (SCA). Objectives: To determine MetHb levels and the influence of hydroxyurea (HU) therapy on this marker in patients with SCA. Materials and methods: Blood samples from 53 patients with SCA at the steady-state, with and without HU therapy, and 30 healthy individuals were collected to evaluate MetHb levels. The MetHb measurement was performed by spectrophotometry. Complete blood count, HU measurements, and fetal hemoglobin (HbF) and HbS concentrations were taken from medical records. Results: MetHb levels were statically higher in patients with SCA when compared to control group (p < 0.001). There was no statistical difference in MetHb level between SCA patients, either using or not HU. We obtained a positive correlation between MetHb measurements and HbS concentration (r = 0.2557; p = 0.0323). Conclusion: HbS presence favored hemoglobin breaking down, and consequently increased MetHb production. Treatment with HU, however, did not influence the levels of this marker...

Introdução: A hemoglobina S (HbS) é uma hemoglobina instável que facilmente se oxida, causando aumento da produção de metemoglobina (MetHb) em pacientes com anemia falciforme (AF). Objetivos: Determinar os níveis de MetHb e verificar a influência do tratamento com a hidroxiureia (HU) sobre as dosagens desse marcador em pacientes com AF. Materiais e métodos: Amostras de sangue de 53 pacientes adultos com AF em estado basal, em uso ou não de HU, e 30 indivíduos saudáveis foram coletadas para avaliar os níveis de MetHb. A dosagem de MetHb foi realizada pelo método espectrofotométrico. Os parâmetros hematológicos, a dosagem de HU e a concentração de hemoglobina F (HbF) e HbS foram retirados dos prontuários médicos. Resultados: Níveis de MetHb apresentaram-se mais elevados estatisticamente em pacientes com AF em relação ao grupo-controle (p < 0,0001). Não foi verificada diferença estatística nos níveis de MetHb entre pacientes em uso ou não de HU. Observou-se correlação positiva entre as dosagens de MetHb e a concentração de HbS (r = 0,2557; p = 0,0323). Conclusão: A presença da HbS favoreceu a degradação da hemoglobina, causando elevação da produção de MetHb. Tratamento com HU, entretanto, não influenciou nos níveis desse marcador...

Influence of ?S-globin haplotypes and hydroxyurea on tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in sickle cell anemia

Background: Sickle cell anemia is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by an increased production of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Hydroxyurea, by decreasing the polymerization of hemoglobin, reduces inflammatory states. The effect of the genetic polymorphisms of sickle cell patients on tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels remains unknown. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels with β-globin haplotypes and the use of hydroxyurea. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed of 67 patients with sickle cell anemia diagnosed at steady-state in a referral hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. A group of 26 healthy individuals was used as control. βS-haplotype analysis was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test. Laboratory data (complete blood count and fetal hemoglobin) and information regarding the use of hydroxyurea were obtained from medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using R software with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Statistical significance was established for p-values < 0.05 for all analyses. Results: The mean age of the participants was 35.48 years. Patients with sickle cell anemia had significantly higher tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels than controls (p-values < 0.0001). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were lower in sickle cell anemia patients who were receiving hydroxyurea treatment than those who were not (p-value = 0.1249). Sickle cell anemia patients with Bantu/n genotype had significantly higher levels than patients with the Bantu/Benin genotype (p-value = 0.0021). Conclusion: In summary, βS-globin haplotypes, but not hydroxyurea therapy, have a role in modulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in sickle cell anemia adults at steady-state...