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Purpose@#To report the use of intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection in a patient with recurrent nodular anterior scleritis.Case summary: A 16-year-old patient presented with persistent eye pain and conjunctival injection in the left eye, which were diagnosed as nodular anterior scleritis. The clinical features improved with topical and systemic steroid treatment, but the patient developed side effects related to steroid use, including elevated intraocular pressure and skin rash. The steroid dose was reduced which led to frequent recurrence. Immunosuppressive agents were added to the treatment regimen, but there was no improvement; the patient developed intermediate uveitis and vitreous hemorrhage. Scleritis and intermediate uveitis continued despite vitrectomy; therefore, intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection was performed. There was no scleritis recurrence within 1 year after injection, which allowed tapering of steroids and immunosuppressive drugs. @*Conclusions@#Intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection may be effective for recurrent nodular anterior scleritis in patients who exhibit complications, such as intermediate uveitis.
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Purpose@#To investigate the thickness of the nerve fiber layer-ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (NFL-GCIPL) complex and microvascular macular changes in Korean patients with early Parkinson’s disease using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). @*Methods@#Forty-three eyes of 22 patients with early Parkinson’s disease were included. A control group of 20 patients (40 eyes) was also recruited. The thickness of the NFL-GCIPL macular complex was measured using OCT, and the densities of the superficial and deep macular retinal vessels were evaluated via OCTA in all subjects. @*Results@#The NFL-GCIPL thicknesses of the superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal sectors were 94.70 ± 9.35, 93.32 ± 9.16, 90.18 ± 6.32, and 93.11 ± 8.75 μm in the control group and 92.05 ± 4.96, 91.32 ± 7.48, 84.74 ± 6.82, and 91.32 ± 7.47 μm in the Parkinson’s disease group, respectively; all thicknesses were significantly greater in the control group. The superficial and deep retinal vessel densities did not differ between the two groups. @*Conclusions@#Neurodegenerative macular changes are more obvious than microvascular changes in patients with early Parkinson’s disease. Such neurodegenerative changes should be further evaluated in future cohort studies.