Efeitos do treinamento resistido sobre indicadores de saúde de sobreviventes de câncer de mama / Effects of resistance training on health indicators in breast cancer survivors

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos do treinamento resistido sobre indicadores de saúde em sobreviventes de câncer de mama. Vinte e duas mulheres com histórico de mastectomia e linfadenectomia completaram 12 semanas de treinamento. Avaliações de força, índice de massa corporal, composição corporal, aspectos hematológicos, bioquímicos e de estabilidade de membrana eritrocitária foram realizadas antes e depois do período de treinamento. Em todos os exercícios, ocorreram ganhos significantes de força máxima e resistência de força. Além disso, houve diminuição do percentual de gordura corporal, aumento do percentual de massa magra, redução de eritrócitos, plaquetas e hemoglobina, bem como mudanças desejáveis para todas as variáveis de perfil lipídico. Em conjunto, esses achados destacam o impacto multidimensional do treinamento resistido sobre a saúde de sobreviventes de câncer de mama e revelam a necessidade de monitoramento constante desse público.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of resistance training on health indicators in breast cancer survivors. Twenty-two women with a history of mastectomy and lymphadenectomy completed 12 weeks of training. Strength, body mass index, body composition, hematological, and biochemical aspects, and erythrocyte membrane stability were performed before and after the training. In all exercises, there were significant gains in maximal force and force endurance. Moreover, there was a decrease in body fat percentage, an increase in lean mass percentage, a reduction in erythrocytes, platelets, and hemoglobin, as well as desirable changes for all lipid profile variables. Altogether, these findings highlight the multidimensional impact of resistance training on the health of breast cancer survivors and reveal the need for constant monitoring of this public.

Using the medicine ball throw test to predict upper limb muscle power: validity evidence / Teste do arremesso de bola medicinal para predizer potência muscular de membros superiores: evidências de validade

Abstract Muscle power is the product of muscle force and velocity, which translates into the ability to produce force in a short time interval. Periodic evaluations of strength and power, coupled with training strategies for these capacities, are of great value to athletes and multi-sports coaches, since they are key determinants for team success. Specifically, in rugby, where passing is a predominant and determinant element of sporting success, few field tests are available for assessing upper limb muscle power. The purpose of this point of view is to correct the upper limb power prediction equation previously published by our group and to highlight its concepts and applicability in sports, especially in rugby.

Resumo Potência muscular é o produto entre força e velocidade, que se traduz na capacidade de produzir força em um curto intervalo de tempo. Avaliações periódicas de força e potência, combinadas a estratégias de treinamento para essas capacidades, são de grande valor para atletas e treinadores multi-esportivos, pois são determinantes para o sucesso da equipe. Especificamente no rugby, onde o passe é elemento predominante e determinante do sucesso esportivo, poucos testes de campo estão disponíveis para avaliar força muscular de membro superior. O objetivo deste ponto de vista é corrigir a equação de predição de potência do membro superior previamente publicada pelo nosso grupo e destacar seus conceitos e aplicabilidade nos esportes, especialmente no rugby.

Diferenças da qualidade de vida entre mulheres com alto e habitual risco gestacional / Differences in quality of life among women at high habitual risk

As gestantes de alto risco necessitam de uma atenção especial dos profissionais de saúde para que complicações não se desenvolvam na gestação e parto. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a qualidade de vida entre gestantes de alto risco (GAR) e de risco habitual (GRH). Trata- se de um estudo transversal que utilizou um questionário semiestruturado e o instrumento WHOQOLBref. A idade média das 46 participantes foi 28,2±5,7 anos, e 45,7% tinham GAR. As GAR se comparam as GRH, identificando serem casadas ou viverem em união estável (57,1% GAR; 88,8% GRH), possuírem ensino médio completo (33,3%; 52,0%) e não possuem atividade remunerada (38,1%; 36,0%). As GRH apresentaram maiores escores em todos os domínios quando comparadas às GRA, indicando apresentarem melhor qualidade de vida. É importante atentar-se para as várias modificações que a gestação pode acarretar às mulheres, a fim de conseguir atender as necessidades específicas de cada uma delas.

High risk pregnant women need special attention from health professionals so that complications do not develop during pregnancy and childbirth. The objective of the study was to compare the quality of life among pregnant women at high risk (GAR) and habitual risk (HRM). It is a cross-sectional study that used a semi-structured questionnaire and the WHOQOLBref instrument. The mean age of the 46 participants was 28.2 ± 5.7 years, and 45.7% had GAR. The GHR are compared to HRM, identifying married or living in a stable union (57.1% GAR, 88.8% GRH), have completed high school (33.3%, 52.0%) and do not have paid work (38.1%, 36.0%). The HRM presented higher scores in all domains when compared to the GRA, indicating a better quality of life. It is important to be aware of the various changes gestation can cause to women in order to meet the specific needs of each of them.

Effect of Salicylic Acid, 2,4-D and 2i-P on the Production of Secondary Metabolites in Garcinia brasiliensis Mart. Callus

Abstract The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of Salicylic acid, 2,4-D and 2-iP on the production of total phenolic and flavonoids as well in the levels of fukugetin and 7-epiclusianone in callus of Garcinia brasiliensis zygotic embryos. For this, Bacupari callus were exposed to different concentrations (0.0; 0.1; 1; 10; 100 µM) of Salicylic acid (SA) in the presence or in the absence of 72 μM 2-iP and 28.73 μM 2,4-D. The highest concentration of total phenolic occurred in the treatment with 100 μM SA in callus subcultured in the absence of 2,4-D and 2-iP, and with 10 μM SA in callus subcultured in the presence of these regulators. Concerning flavonoids, 2,4-D and 2-iP supplementation without the presence of the SA was sufficient for the highest levels. Additionally, it was possible to identify the fukugetin and 7-epiclusianone. However, the variation in the levels was very high, especially for the fukugetin. Therefore, in most treatments, there was no statistically difference. Except for the treatment with 10 μM SA + 2,4-D and 2-iP, where there was a significant increase in 7-epiclusianone.

Deslocamento passivo para escola e fatores associados em adolescentes / Passive commuting to school and associated factors among adolescents

RESUMO O presente estudo objetivou estimar a prevalência do deslocamento passivo para escola e os fatores associados em adolescentes (14-19 anos) do ensino médio de escolas públicas e particulares do município de Uberaba, MG, Brasil. Um total de 1.009 adolescentes participaram deste estudo transversal epidemiológico de base escolar. O desfecho do estudo foi o deslocamento passivo (motocicleta, carro e ônibus) e as variáveis exploratórias sociodemográficas (sexo, idade, situação de trabalho, série e turno de estudo), perceptiva e comportamentais (apreciação por atividade física, comportamento de tela e atividade física no lazer) e de saúde (IMC). O Odds Ratio (OR) foi a medida de associação empregada nas análises. O deslocamento passivo foi prevalente em 58,3% (IC95%: 55,2-61,4) dos adolescentes e foi associado ao sexo feminino (OR: 1,82; IC95%: 1,32-2,51), aqueles do 3º ano do ensino (OR: 1,67; IC95%: 1,07-2,61) e aos menos ativos no lazer (OR: 1,44; IC95%: 1,03-2,01). Por outro lado, estudar em escolas públicas apresentou menor associação (OR: 0,16; IC95%: 0,10-0,26). O deslocamento passivo para escola foi prevalente em mais da metade dos adolescentes investigados e está associado as moças, ao grau mais elevado de escolaridade e ao menor envolvimento com a atividade física no lazer.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the passive commuting to school and associated factors among adolescents (14-19 years) of public and private schools from Uberaba, MG, Brazil. A total of 1009 adolescents participated of this epidemiological transversal study. The outcome of the study was the passive commuting (motorcycle, car and bus) and exploratory variables were socio-demographic (sex, age, labor status, grade and study shifts), perceptive and behavioral (physical activity appreciation, screen behavior and leisure physical activity) and health (BMI). The Odds Ratio (OR) was the association measure employed in the analyses. Passive commuting was prevalent in 58.3% (IC95%: 55.2-61.4) of the adolescents and it was associated with female sex (OR: 1.82; IC95%: 1.32-2.51), 3rd series of education (OR: 1.67; IC95%: 1.07-2.61) and to less actives in leisure (OR: 1,44; IC95%: 1,03-2,01). On the other hand, to study in public schools was less associated (OR: 0.16; IC95%: 0.10-0.26). The passive commuting for school was prevalent in more than half of the adolescents and is associated with the female sex, last school series, as well as the less active life style in the leisure.

Geographic distribution of Research Groups and their publications on diet and exercise interventions in cancer in the Brazilian territory

Aims: This study promoted a screening of the geographical distribution and scientific production of the Brazilian research groups on interventions with diet and/or exercise in cancer. Methods: A systematic search on the current basis of the Directory of Research Groups of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development was done to collect information such as name of group; name of leader; unit of federation; institution; year of creation; number of researchers, students and technicians; and the group's knowledge sub-area. All leaders' curricula were accessed to screen their general publications on cancer and their specific publications on nutrition, exercise and cancer. The publications were classified according to the QUALIS (2015) criteria of the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel in the Physical Education area. Results: The Southeast has the highest number of active groups, but the North has no registered groups. The Midwest concentrates the largest number of members in its research groups and the largest overall scientific production on cancer, but the Southeast presents the largest specific production on nutrition, physical exercise and cancer. Most of the specific publications were B2. Conclusion: Research groups and scientific contributions involving this knowledge field need to be encouraged and better distributed geographically throughout the Brazilian territory.(AU)

Medicine ball throw test predicts arm power in rugby sevens players / Arremesso de medicine ball prediz potência de membro superior em jogadores de rugby sevens

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop an upper limb muscle power (PUL) prediction model using the Medicine Ball Throw Test (MBT) in rugby players. Eighteen amateur rugby players underwent the MBT test and the guided bench press exercise at 30, 40, 50 and 60% of 1. Myotest® accelerometer was positioned on the bench press bar to estimate muscle power. Linear regression was used to derive the upper limb muscle power prediction equation from the MBT distance. The residue analysis estimated the residual error of the predicted values using values obtained by Myotest®. Bland-Altman plots were used to verify agreement between actual and predicted upper limb muscle power, both in absolute Watts (W) and relative terms (W/kg of fat-free mass). There were significant correlations between actual and predicted upper limb muscle power (r = 0.834, 0.854, and 0.872) for intensities of 30%, 40% and 50%, respectively. Absolute bias of predicted values was -1.87 W (p <0.05). For muscle power predicted relative to fat-free mass, bias was 0.782 W/kg (p <0.05). Conclusion: The MBT test has high correlation with actual PUL values and it was found that the equation developed in this study has high accuracy to predict PUL in rugby players of both sexes.

Resumo Objetivou-se verificar a concordância e predição da potência muscular de membros superiores (PMS) a partir da distância do teste de Arremesso de Medicine Ball (AMB) em jogadores de rugby. Participaram do estudo 18 jogadores amadores de rugby (11 homens) os quais realizaram o teste AMB e o exercício de supino reto na barra guiada com acelerômetro Myotest® nas intensidades de 30%, 40%, 50% e 60% de 1RM. A regressão linear foi utilizada para derivar a equação de predição da potência a partir da distância no AMB. A análise de resíduo estimou o erro residual dos valores preditos, utilizando os valores obtidos pelo Myotest® como referência. O método leave-one-out foi adotado para aferir o erro da equação em subconjuntos da amostra. O modelo de Bland-Altman verificou a concordância entre potência predita pelo AMB e valores obtidos do Myotest® de forma absoluta Watts (W) e relativa à massa isenta de gordura (W/kg). Foram encontradas correlações significativas entre os métodos (r=0,834, 0872 e 0,854) para as intensidades de 30%, 40% e 50% de 1RM, respectivamente. O viés de medida na análise absoluta foi de -1,87 W (p<0,05). Na análise relativa, foi verificado o viés de 0,782 W/kg (p<0,05). Pode-se concluir que o teste de AMB possui alta concordância com os valores reais da PMS e também verificou-se que a equação elaborada no estudo possui alta acurácia para predizer a PMS em jogadores de rugby de ambos os sexos.

Efeito de 12 semanas de treinamento físico resistido periodizado em paciente vivendo com HIV e lipodistrófico: um estudo de caso / Effects of 12 weeks of periodized resistance training in a patient living with HIV and lipodystrophy: a case report

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar o efeito de 12 semanas de treinamento físico resistido periodizado sobre os perfis glicêmico, lipídico, imunitário, antropométrico e força muscular em um paciente vivendo com HIV e lipodistrófico. O indivíduo do estudo era do sexo masculino, 46 anos, etnia branca, diagnosticado há 17 anos com HIV e há 3 anos com lipodistrofia; o mesmo foi submetido a 12 semanas de treinamento físico resistido periodizado de forma ondulatória diária (TRPO), três vezes por semana. Antes e após este período foram realizadas avaliações antropométrica, bioquímica, imunitárias e de força muscular. Após TRPO, houve diminuição das circunferências de pescoço, peito, abdômen, percentual de gordura, massa gorda, bem como de gorduras subcutânea total, central e periférica. Concomitantemente houve aumento das circunferências de quadril, braços, coxas e panturrilhas, além do aumento de massa muscular. Houve diminuição nos níveis de glicemia de jejum, triglicerídeos, colesterol total, LDL-colesterol, HB1AC, monócitos e aumento do HDL-colesterol, leucócitos, linfócitos, neutrófilos, monócitos e plaquetas. Como conclusão demonstramos que 12 semanas de TRPO foi benéfico e seguro no tratamento das desordens metabólicas e antropométricas em um paciente vivendo com HIV lipodistrófico.(AU)

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of resistance exercise training periodization on the glycemic, lipid, immune, muscular strength and anthropometric profiles in a patient living with HIV and lipodystrophy. The subject of the study was male, 46 years old, white ethnicity, diagnosed 17 years ago with HIV and 3 years with lipodystrophy; the same was submitted to 12 weeks of daily undulating resistance training (DUPRT) three times per week. Before and after this period were conducted anthropometric, biochemical, immune and muscle strength. After DUPRT, there was reduction in neck, chest and abdomen circumferences, fat percentage, fat mass and total, central and peripheral subcutaneous fat. Concurrently there was an increase of hip, arms, thighs and calves circumferences, and increased muscle mass. There was a decrease in fasting glucose levels, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, Hb1Ac, monocytes and increased HDL-cholesterol, white blood cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and platelets. In conclusion we demonstrated that 12 weeks of TRPO was beneficial and safe in the treatment of metabolic and anthropometric disorders in a patient living with HIV and lipodystrophy.(AU)