Risk factors for recurrent respiratory infections in preschool children in China

To identify and compare risk factors for recurrent respiratory infections in preschool children between resident and floating population in Yiwu, China. Investigations was conducted in resident and floating population in Yiwu city, Zhejiang province. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on influence factors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out using the Binary logistic regression. The study was conducted in Yiwu from June 2009 to September 2010. We recruited 844 participants, resident population 639[75.7%] and floating population 205[24.3%] who were preschool children. Multivariate analysis showed that Childbearing age [OR=0.93, 95%CI: 0.88-0.99], Asthma [OR=3.20, 95%CI: 1.60-6.45], Rickets [OR=5.30, 95%CI: 1.99-14.09], Food preference [OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.02-2.43], Snack [OR=1.50, 95%CI: 1.07-2.07] were the influence factors for recurrent respiratory infections in resident preschool children. Infant feeding [OR=2.24, 95%CI: 1.31-3.81], Snack [OR=2.06, 95%CI: 1.07-3.98,], Trip mode [OR=2.77, 95%CI: 1.11-6.94] were the influence factors for recurrent respiratory infections in floating preschool children. Public health measures against risk factors should be taken to protect against recurrent respiratory infections in resident and floating preschool children respectively

Desfechos clínicos de tratamento cirúrgico de más uniões ou não consolidadas do tálus / Clinical outcomes of surgical treatment for talar malunions and nonunions

Objetivo: apresentar nossas experiências no tratamento de más uniões ou não consolidações talares. Método: entre janeiro de 2000 e setembro de 2009, 26 pacientes com má união ou nãounião depois de fraturas do tálus foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de acordo com os diferentes tipos de deformidade talar. Os desfechos do tratamento foram avaliados pela escala tornozelo-retropé da AOFAS, assim como por radiografias simples. Resultados: 20 pacientes ficaram disponíveis para acompanhamento por 30 (24 a 60) meses. Não houve problema de cicatrização ou infecção das feridas e foram obtidas uniões sólidas em todos os pacientes. As uniões radiológicas foram atingidas em tempo médio de 14 (faixa de 12 a 18) semanas. O tempo médio para concluir o apoio de carga foi 16 (faixa de 14 a 20) semanas. O escore AOFAS médio aumentou significantemente de 36,2 (27 a 43) para 85,8 (74 a 98). Conclusão: as intervenções cirúrgicas das fraturas mal-unidas ou não consolidadas dos tálus podem produzir resultados satisfatórios e o procedimento apropriado deve ser adotado, de acordo com diferentes tipos de deformidades pós-traumáticas. Nível de Evidência: IV, Estudo Retrospectivo.

Objective: To present our experiences of treating talar malunions and nonunions. Method: between January 2000 and September 2009, 26 patients with malunions or nonunions after talar fractures underwent surgical treatment according to different types of talar deformities. The treatment outcomes were evaluated using AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scale as well as plain radiographs. Results: 20 patients were available for follow-up for 30 (range, 24 to 60) months. No wound healing problems or infections occurred and solid unions were achieved in all patients. Radiological unions were achieved at a mean time of 14 (range, 12 to 18) weeks. The mean time to complete weight-bearing was 16 (range, 14 to 20) weeks. The mean AOFAS score increased significantly from 36.2 (range, 27 to 43) to 85.8 (range, 74 to 98). Conclusion: surgical interventions for malunions and nonunions after talar fractures can bring about satisfactory outcomes, and the appropriate procedure should be adopted according to different types of posttraumatic deformities. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Study.