Characteristics and influencing factors of hearing loss among noise-exposed workers in a large machinery maintenance enterprise / 环境与职业医学

Background The current increasing trend of new cases of occupational noise-induced deafness indicates that the hearing loss of occupational population has not been effectively controlled in China. It is of great significance to study the characteristics of hearing loss among noise-exposed workers and its related factors. Objective To investigate characteristics and influencing factors of hearing loss among occupational noise-exposed workers in a large machinery maintenance enterprise, and to provide a scientific basis to prevent and control noise-induced hearing loss. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate male Han occupational noise-exposed workers in a large mechanical maintenance enterprise. We acquired demographic characteristics, occupational exposure history, and individual life behavior characteristics of the workers through questionnaires, collected occupational exposure level data from annual occupational disease hazard factor surveillance reports, obtained pure tone hearing threshold test data through occupational health examinations, and estimated individual noise exposure levels using cumulative noise exposure (CNE). According to the results of pure tone air conduction hearing threshold test, the workers were divided into a hearing loss group and a normal hearing group. The chi-square test was employed to compare the occupational exposure characteristics and individual life behavior characteristics between the two groups. Additionally, the trend chi-square test was utilized to analyze the changing trends of age, length of service, CNE, and hearing loss rate within the two groups. The relationship between high-frequency hearing loss in both ears and its related influencing factors was assessed by a multiple logistic regression model. Results The M (P25, P75) of CNE for the 2531 occupational noise-exposed workers was 97.51 (95.39, 99.96) dB(A)·year. The incidence of hearing anomaly, binaural high-frequency hearing anomaly, random ear high-frequency hearing anomaly, binaural low-frequency hearing anomaly, and random ear low-frequency hearing anomaly were 22.48%, 16.59%, 22.13%, 2.77%, and 3.52%, respectively. High-frequency hearing threshold increase was the main reason for hearing anomaly (98.42%). In comparison to the CNE ≤ 97 dB(A)·year group, the 97 dB(A)·year<CNE≤ 100 dB(A)·year group and the CNE>100 dB(A)·year group experienced a 36.4% and 52.3% increase in the risk of bilateral high-frequency hearing loss, respectively. The smoking group exhibited a 43.5% elevated risk of bilateral high-frequency hearing loss when compared to the non-smoking group. Conversely, the group frequently wearing hearing protection equipment demonstrated a 23.6% lower risk of bilateral high-frequency hearing loss in comparison to the group occasionally wearing protective equipment. The data suggested that CNE＞97 dB(A)·year and smoking might be independent risk factors for bilateral high-frequency hearing loss, and frequently wearing hearing protection equipment might be an important protective factor. Conclusion Increased CNE and smoking can elevate the risk of high-frequency hearing loss, while personal hearing protection can effectively reduce the risk of hearing loss.

Predictive value of four items of new thrombus markers combined with conventional coagulation tests for thrombosis in antiphospholipid syndrome / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the predictive value of four items of new thrombus markers combined with conventional coagulation tests for thrombosis in antiphospholipid syndrome.@*METHODS@#A total of 121 antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients who hospitalized at Peking University People's Hospital from March 2022 to January 2023 were selected and divided into thrombus group (50 cases) and nonthrombus group (71 cases) according to whether thrombosis occurred. The differences of laboratory characteristics including antiphospholipid antibodies were compared between the thrombotic and non-thrombotic groups. Chemiluminescent immunoassay was used to detect thrombomodulin (TM), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), Plasmin-α2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), and tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor complex (t-PAIC) in plasma from venous. The independent risk factors of thrombosis in patients with APS were determined using binary Logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to evaluate the efficacy of each index on the prediction of thrombosis.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the patients without thrombosis, the patients with thrombosis were older [49 (32, 64) years vs. 36 (32, 39) years, P < 0.05]. The percentages of male, smoking, hypertension, and global antiphospholipid syndrome score (GAPSS)≥10 in the patients with thrombosis were significantly higher than those in the patients without thrombosis (P < 0.05). The positive rates of anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) and lupus anticoagulant (LA) in the thrombotic group were significantly higher than those in the non-thrombotic group (P < 0.05), and the levels of prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, fibrin degradation product in the thrombotic group were significantly higher than those in the non-thrombotic group (P < 0.05).Among the thrombosis group, venous thrombosis accounted for 19 (38.00%), including deep vein thrombosis (16, 84.21%) and pulmonary embolism accounted (5, 26.32%); Arterial thrombosis accounted for 35 (70.00%), including myocardial infarction (6, 17.14%) cerebral infarction (30, 85.71%). The patients in the thrombotic group had significantly greater TM levels than those in the non-thrombotic group (P < 0.05).There were no significant dif-ferences between the two groups in TAT (Z=-1.420, P=0.156), PIC (Z=-0.064, P=0.949), and t-PAIC (Z=-1.487, P=0.137). Univariate and binary Logistic regression analysis of relevant variables showed that advanced age [OR=1.126, P=0.002], elevated TM [OR=1.325, P=0.048], prolonged prothrombin time (PT) [OR=4.127, P=0.008] were independent risk factors for thrombosis in the patients with APS. ROC curve analysis of the above three independent risk factors showed that the combined detection of age, PT and TM had the highest Yoden index (0.727) and sensitivity (83.0%), with a specificity of 89.7%.@*CONCLUSION@#TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC may reflect thrombus formation from the coagulation system, fibrinolysis system, and endothelial system. The combined of age TM and PT is superior to the application of a single marker, which has diagnostic value for the early identification of APS thrombosis.

Research on ontology construction of acupuncture effect based on ISO/TS 16843-6: 2022 / 中国针灸

In order to specify the information expression of acupuncture effect and realize the knowledge reuse and sharing, in view of animal experiments and clinical trials, the relevant knowledge of acupuncture effect is allocated. Using seven-step method and Protégé5.5.0 tool, the ontology of acupuncture effect is constructed on the base of ISO/TS 16843-6: 2022. A total of 199 classes are constructed, including 7 categories (acupuncture point, acupuncture therapy, needling method, biological process, genes and gene products, disorder, and anatomic structure), 12 object properties, 1 108 instances and 5 123 axioms. A semantic network with the characteristics of acupuncture and moxibustion is established and the structured expression for the knowledge of acupuncture effects is obtained, which lays the foundation for the innovation and development in the field of acupuncture and moxibustion.

Research progress on individualized administration of linezolid based on population pharmacokinetics / 中国药房

Linezolid is an antibacterial agent for the treatment of multi-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections， which is widely used in clinical practice. However， there are large individual differences in the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drug in patients， and it is difficult to obtain the optimal therapeutic effect when the drug is administered according to the conventional dose in the instructions. Therefore， it is necessary to carry out therapeutic drug monitoring （TDM） for linezolid， and guide and optimize its antibacterial treatment plan by using population pharmacokinetics （PPK） and pharmacodynamics principles. This paper summarizes the PPK changes and the research progress of individualized administration of linezolid in various populations， and recommends that the patient’s steady-state blood concentration is kept at 2-8 mg/mL through TDM when using linezolid clinically. It is recommended to appropriately reduce the dosage for patients with liver and kidney dysfunction， appropriately increase the dosage for obese， burned and children patients， and provide pharmaceutical monitoring during the medication process to promote rational drug use.

Finite element analysis of 14-year-old adolescent after spinal foraminoplasty at L / 解剖学报

Objective To establish the three-dimensional finite element model of lumbar spine(L) 3-5 segments of the normal spine of 14-year-old adolescents to analyze the biomechanical changes of the lumbar spine after different degrees of lumbar foraminal plasty, and to provide reference for improvement of adolescent foraminoplasty. Methods A14-year-old female volunteer with no previous history of lumbar spine was selected to collect lumbar CT image data and we imported it into Mimics 16.0 software for modeling. ABAQUS software was used to conduct finite element model force analysis. Models M

Analysis of epidemic characteristics and related factors of norovirus in diarrhea patients in Guangxi, 2015-2020 / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of norovirus in Guangxi from 2015 to 2020, and to provide scientific recommendations for norovirus prevention and control. Methods The foodborne diseases surveillance data were collected from 11 sentinel hospitals through the National Foodborne Disease Monitoring and Reporting System from 2015 to 2020. R software with version 4.0.3 was used for descriptive and statistical analysis, including epidemic curve, chi-square test, and trend chi-square and so on. Logistic regression was used to analyze norovirus-related factors, OR values and 95% confidence intervals were calculated respectively with the statistical test level of P<0.05. Results There were 1 008 norovirus cases detected, with a detection rate of 12.75% (1 008/7 903). Children with age less than 5 years (OR=1.43, 95%CI: 1.13-1.82) and patients at age 20-45 (OR=1.45, 95%CI: 1.13-1.87) were high risk population. The detection rate was higher in autumn (OR=1.29, 95%CI: 1.08-1.53) but lower in summer (OR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.55-0.80). In addition, the tourist area (Guilin City) presented a higher detection rate than other areas (OR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.10-1.80). Aquatic products (OR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.03-1.91), meat and dairy products (OR=1.31, 95%CI: 1.06-1.61) were high-risk foods for norovirus infection. The prevention and control policies of COVID-19 can reduce the possibility of norovirus by 61% (OR=0.39, 95%CI: 0.31-0.49) showed a declining trend (Trend χ2=85.33, P<0.001). In addition, prolonged visit time can lead to 19%-23% decrease in the detection rate of norovirus (OR24-48 hours=0.81, 95%CI: 0.70-0.95; OR>48 hours=0.77, 95%CI: 0.63-0.93). Conclusions　The epidemic of norovirus presented seasonal and regional distribution in Guangxi with a declining detection rate trend in diarrhea patients during recent 6 years. Young children were high-risk population in infection norovirus. The intake of seafood can increase the risk of norovirus infection. The prevention and control policies of COVID-19 can sharply decrease the possibility of infection norovirus. The monitoring of key foods such as seafood should be strengthened, and the early screening of suspected cases should be taken. The norovirus monitoring should be improved to ensure the health of the population.

Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the diagnosis and treatment of refractory pneumonia in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in the etiological diagnosis and treatment of refractory pneumonia (RTP) in children.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on 160 children with RTP who were admitted to the Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, from January 2020 to March 2023. According to whether mNGS was performed, they were divided into two groups: mNGS (n=80) and traditional testing (n=80). All children received the tests of inflammatory markers and pathogen tests after admission. Traditional pathogenicity tests included microbial culture (sputum specimen collected by suction tube), nucleic acid detection of respiratory pathogens, and serological test (mycoplasma, tuberculosis, and fungi). For the mNGS group, BALF specimens were collected after bronchoscopy and were sent to the laboratory for mNGS and microbial culture. The two groups were analyzed and compared in terms of the detection of pathogens and treatment.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the traditional testing group, the mNGS group had a significantly higher detection rate of pathogens (92% vs 58%, P<0.05), with more types of pathogens and a higher diagnostic rate of mixed infections. Compared with the traditional testing group, the mNGS group had a significantly higher treatment response rate and a significantly lower incidence rate of complications during hospitalization (P<0.05). Treatment was adjusted for 68 children in the mNGS group according to the results of mNGS, with a treatment response rate of 96% (65/68) after adjustment.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Compared with traditional pathogen tests, BALF mNGS can significantly improve the detection rate of pathogens and find some rare pathogens. In clinical practice, when encountering bottlenecks during the diagnosis and treatment of children with RTP, it is advisable to promptly perform the mNGS to identify the pathogens.

Analysis of clinical effect of blood purification on acute benzene-based thinner poisoning / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of blood purification on changes in serum toxicant concentration and prognosis of acute benzene-based thinner poisoning. Methods: A total of 44 patients with acute benzene-based thinner poisoning admitted to the emergency department of Characteristic Medical Center of Armed Police from August 2013 to August 2020 were collected and divided into a blood purification group (24 cases) and a conventional treatment group (20 cases) , the general data, toxicant concentrations and prognosis of the two groups of patients were analyzed, and logistic regression analysis was performed on the influencing factors of the prognosis to explore the clinical effect of blood purification. Results: The concentration of poisons in the blood purification group at 24 hours after treatment was significantly lower than that in the conventional treatment group (t=6.76, P<0.001) , and the reduction in the concentration of poisons was significantly higher than that in the conventional treatment group (t=3.33, P=0.002) . The overall improvement rate in the blood purification group was 91.7% (22/24) , which was higher than that in the conventional treatment group (60.0%, 12/20) . Logisitic regression analysis showed that blood purification treatment method was the main factor affecting the prognosis of patients (OR=7.605×10(-5), 95%CI: 6.604×10(-8)-0.087, P=0.008) , and the toxic dose was a synergistic effect on the prognosis of patients factor (OR=1.038, 95%CI: 1.008-1.068, P=0.011) . Conclusion: Early blood purification treatment in patients with acute benzene-based thinner poisoning can rapidly reduce blood toxin concentration, avoid disease progression, and ultimately improve patient prognosis.

Research progress on the role of circular RNA in eye diseases / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#Circular RNA(circRNA)is a single-stranded covalently closed RNA molecule produced by reverse splicing, which is an evolutionarily conserved and stable transcript, and widely exists in various eukaryotic cells. CircRNA is more stable and conserved than linear transcripts because of the absence of 5'cap and 3'polyadenylation tail in circRNA. A variety of bioactive processes are regulated by circRNA, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis and cell apoptosis. CircRNAs were shown to be key regulators of various diseases, especially cancers, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular. Recently, with the rapid development of RNA high-throughput sequencing technology, accumulating evidence shows that there are multiple differentially expressed circRNAs in ocular tissues and they play important roles in initiation, progression, and prognosis of diverse ocular diseases, such as glaucoma, cataract, retinopathy, ocular tumors and ocular immunologic diseases. In this article, the research on the relationship between circRNA and ophthalmic diseases in the recent years is briefly reviewed, and the purpose is to provide reference for its clinical treatment and prognosis.

Banxia Xiexintang and Its Disassembled Prescriptions Regulate Colonic Mucosal Immunity in Young Rats with Flora Disorder / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the therapeutic effect and possible mechanism of Banxia Xiexintang and its disassembled prescriptions in regulating the flora disorder induced by mixed antibiotics in young rats. MethodSeventy male BALB/C young rats were randomly assigned into 7 groups： blank group， model group， Bifidobacterium tetralogy viable tablets （0.68 g·kg-1） group， Banxia Xiexintang （9.1 g·kg-1） group， Xinkai （3.19 g·kg-1） group， Kujiang （1.82 g·kg-1） group， and Ganbu （4.1 g·kg-1） group， with 10 rats in each group. Except the blank group， the other groups were given mixed antibiotics by gavage to induce intestinal flora disorder. After 14 days， the rats in different drug groups were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage， and those in the blank group and model group with the same amount of normal saline once a day for 14 days. After that， fecal samples were collected aseptically for 16S rDNA sequencing of intestinal flora， and lipopolysaccharide （LPS， 10 mg·kg-1） was injected intraperitoneally to induce inflammatory reaction. The tissue morphology of colonic mucosa was observed via hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， and the macrophage infiltration of colonic mucosa was observed via toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry. The expression of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， and interleukin-10 （IL-10） mRNA were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. ResultCompared with the blank group， the modeling changed the intestinal flora structure of the young rats （P<0.01）， damaged the colonic mucosa， reduced the macrophage infiltration， and down-regulated the mRNA levels of IL-1β， IL-6， IL-8， TNF-α， and IL-10 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablets， Banxia Xiexintang and its disassembled prescriptions increased the diversity of intestinal flora and the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes （P<0.01）. At the same time， they ameliorated colonic mucosal injury （P<0.05， P<0.01）， increased macrophage infiltration （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and up-regulated the mRNA levels of IL-6， IL-8， and TNF-α （P<0.01）. The mRNA level of IL-1β was up-regulated in Bifidobacterium tetralogy viable tablets， Banxia Xiexintang， Kujiang， and Ganbu groups （P<0.01）， and that of IL-10 was up-regulated in Bifidobacterium tetralogy viable tablets， Banxia Xiexintang， Xinkai， and Ganbu groups （P<0.01）. ConclusionBanxia Xiexintang and the disassembled prescriptions can adjust the intestinal flora of young rats exposed to antibiotics and protect the immune barrier of colonic mucosa after intestinal flora disorder. In particularly， the whole prescription of Banxia Xiexintang demonstrates the best performance.

Establishment of An Animal Model of Acute B Lymphoblastic Leukemia with Minimal Residual Disease / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish an animal model of acute B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) with minimal residual disease.@*METHODS@#The transplanted tumor was formed by subcutaneous injection of 2×107 Nalm-6 cells, and the body weight, activity status and tumor formation status of nude mice were observed. Peripheral blood, bone marrow, liver and spleen and other tissues of nude mice were taken for pathological examination to understand whether the success of subcutaneous modeling was accompanied by systemic metastasis.@*RESULTS@#There were 2×107 Nalm-6 cells injected subcutaneously in nude mice, (11.0±2.5) days later, the tumors of (3-4) × (3-4) mm were observed, the body weight of the nude mice was reduced and activity showed no limited. Infiltration of tumor cells in liver, spleen and bone marrow were observed in pathological sections.@*CONCLUSION@#The animal model of subcutaneous tumor of B-ALL was successfully established in nude mice.

Potent Anti⁃bacteria Activity of Tamsulosin Hydrochloride and Ningmitai Capsule in Combination by Regulating the Gene Expression Related to β⁃Lactamase, Hemolysis, and Virulence / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Tamsulosin hydrochloride (TSH) is a selective α

Adaptive response of A549 cell apoptosis induced by low-dose X-ray irradiation / 中国辐射卫生

Objective@#To study the adaptive response and time effect of A549 cell apoptosis induced by low-dose X-ray irradiation, and to preliminarily explore the possible mechanism of adaptive effect. @*Methods@#A549 cells were irradiated with X-ray of 50 mGy, 200 mGy and 500 mGy, respectively, and then irradiated with an effect dose of 20 Gy after intervals of 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, respectively, for cell apoptosis detection. The cell cycle distribution and DNA damage were detected after an interval of 6 h between the initial dose and the effect dose. 20 Gy and 0 Gy were set as the control.@*Results@#After irradiation at 20 Gy at intervals of 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h from the low- dose irradiation, the apoptosis rates of the 50 mGy～20 Gy, 200 mGy～20 Gy, and 500 mGy~ 20 Gy groups were significantly lower than that of the 20 Gy group (P < 0.05); after an interval of 48 h, there was no significant difference in the apoptosis rate between the 50 mGy～20 Gy, 200 mGy～20 Gy, and 500 mGy～20 Gy groups and the 20 Gy group. After an interval of 6 h between the low-dose irradiation and the effect dose irradiation, the percentage of cells at G0/G1 phase in the 50 mGy～20 Gy and 200 mGy～20 Gy groups was significantly lower than that in the 20 Gy group (P < 0.05); the percentage of cells at G2/M phase in the 50 mGy～20 Gy and 200 mGy~20 Gy groups were significantly reduced compared with the 20 Gy group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of cells at G0/G1 and G2/M phases between the 500 mGy～20 Gy and 20 Gy groups. Compared with the 20 Gy group, the cell DNA damage in the 50 mGy～20 Gy, 200 mGy～20 Gy and 500 mGy~20 Gy groups were decreased, but without significant difference. @*Conclusion@#Low-dose X-ray irradiation can induce the adaptive response of A549 cells apoptosis, which is related to the time interval between the initial dose and the effect dose. The adaptive effect may be related to the changes in cell cycle induced by low-dose X-ray.

Clinical Study on Dialectical Treatment of Modified Xiangsha Liu Junzitang to Diabetes Gastroparesis with Weakness Syndrome of Spleen and Stomach / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of Modified Xiangsha Liu Junzitang in the treatment of diabetic gastroparesis （DGP） and its influence on gastrointestinal hormones and oxidative stress. Method:In this study， 128 patients were randomly divided into control group （64 cases） and observation group （64 cases） . Patients in two groups took domperidone tablets orally 30 minutes before meals， 10 mg/time， 3 times/day. Patients in control group took Shenling Baizhusan San， 6 g/time， twice a day. Patients in observation group were prescribed addition and subtraction therapy of Modified Xiangsha Liu Junzitang， 1 dose/day. The course of treatment for both groups was 4 weeks. Before and after treatment， scores of gastroparesis cardinal symptom index （GCSI）， and gastric emptying test and electrogastrogram were noted. Before the treatment， scores of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome and health survey summary were graded（SF-36）. The levels of gastrin （GAS）， motilin （MTL）， vasoactive intestinal peptide （VIP）， somatostatin （SS）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， reactive oxygen species （ROS） and malondialdehyde （MDA） were measured before and after treatment. And adverse reactions during treatment were recorded. Result:The scores of postprandial abdominal distension/early satiety， nausea and vomiting， abdominal distention and the total scores of GCSI in the observation group were lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The gastric emptying rate in observation group was higher than that in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the score of TCM syndromes was lower than that of control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The scores of SF-36 in observation group were higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The frequency of gastric electricity and gastric electric vibration before and after the meal in observation group were higher than that in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The levels of GAS， MTL， VIP， ROS and MDA in observation group were lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the levels of SS and SOD were higher than that of control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The total effective rate in observation group was 93.75% （60/64）， which was higher than 79.69% （51/64） （<italic>χ</italic>²=5.494， <italic>P</italic><0.05） in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. And no adverse reactions were found in the clinical observation. Conclusion:Modified Xiangsha Liu Junzitang combined with prokinetic drugs in the treatment of DGP patients can reduce the clinical symptoms of DGP， enhance gastrointestinal motility， improve the gastric emptying rate， improve the quality of life， regulate the level of gastrointestinal hormones， and reduce the damage of autonomic nerve caused by oxidative stress， with good comprehensive clinical effect and safety in application.

Neuromodulatory therapies for patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Reviving patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (DOCs) has always been focused and challenging in medical research. Owing to the limited effectiveness of available medicine, recent research has increasingly turned towards neuromodulatory therapies, involving the stimulation of neural circuits. We summarised the progression of research regarding neuromodulatory therapies in the field of DOCs, compared the differences among different studies, in an attempt to explore optimal stimulation patterns and parameters, and analyzed the major limitations of the relevant studies to facilitate future research.@*METHODS@#We performed a search in the PubMed database, using the concepts of DOCs and neuromodulation. Inclusion criteria were: articles in English, published after 2002, and reporting clinical trials of neuromodulatory therapies in human patients with DOCs.@*RESULTS@#Overall, 187 published articles met the search criteria, and 60 articles met the inclusion criteria. There are differences among these studies regarding the clinical efficacies of neurostimulation techniques for patients with DOCs, and large-sample studies are still lacking.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Neuromodulatory techniques were used as trial therapies for DOCs wherein their curative effects were controversial. The difficulties in detecting residual consciousness, the confounding effect between the natural course of the disease and therapeutic effect, and the heterogeneity across patients are the major limitations. Large-sample, well-designed studies, and innovations for both treatment and assessment are anticipated in future research.

Alternative Splicing Analysis of LACTB Gene and Expression Characteristics of Different Transcripts in Leukemia Cell Lines / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To detect the expression of different transcripts of lactamase β（LACTB) gene in leukemic cell lines.@*METHODS@#NCBI website and DNAstar software were used to detect the Bioinformatics analysis of LACTB. The expression of different transcripts of LACTB gene in leukemic cell lines (THP-1, HL60, K562, U937, Jurkat and Raji) was detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), DNA and clone sequencing; the expression of different transcripts of LACTB gene in leukemic cell lines was detected by Quantitative Real-time PCR.@*RESULTS@#There were a variety of splicing isomers in LACTB, and it could produce a variety of protein isomers with conserved N-terminal and different C-terminal, moreover, there were many splice isoforms of LACTB in leukemia cell lines, and there were different expression patterns in different cell lines, including XR1, V1, V2 and V3. The expression of total LACTB showed high in HL60 cells, while low in Raji cells, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The V1 was high expression in U937 cells but low in Raji cells, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). V2 was high expression in HL60 cells but lowly in Raji cells, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression of V3 was low in THP-1 cells, which was significantly different as compared with that in normal bone marrow (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The reaserch found that there are many splice isomers of LACTB in leukemic cell lines, and there are different expression patterns in different cell lines.

Eating behaviors and growth status in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To discuss the correlation between growth status and eating behaviors in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), providing reference data for management and dietary behavior guidance among ADHD children.@*Methods@#A total of 703 children aged 4-13 years old were collected from the ADHD patients from Children s Health Department of Children s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June to September, 2019. The demographic characteristics and information regarding children’s eating behaviors were collected by self-designed questionnaire and Chinese version of the parent-completed Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire(CEBQ). The correlation physical growth with dietary behaviors among the ADHD children were analyzed.@*Results@#Food avoidant behaviors, including satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating and emotional undereating in ADHD children with thinness scored significantly higher than that of children with short stature, overweight and obesity(F=17.57, 29.32, 4.07, P<0.01), while food approach behaviors, including food responsiveness, enjoyment of food, desire to drink and emotional overeating scored higher in obese children, compared to other three groups(F=24.54, 47.44, 2.96,5.85, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for the confounders, satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating were still negatively associated with BMI-Z score of the ADHD children(B=-0.05, -0.07, P<0.01). Food responsiveness, enjoyment of food and emotional overeating had a positive association with the BMI-Z score(B=0.04, 0.09, 0.05, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Emotional eating and high food responsiveness in ADHD children are associated with the overweight and obesity, while long eating time and high satiety responsiveness is associated with underweight among ADHD children. For clinical doctors and parents, problematic eating behaviors among ADHD children should be concerned regarding its negative effects on growth and development, besides core symptoms of ADHD.

Effect of Chuanxiong Rhizoma on the absorption and clearance of four coumarins in Angelicae Dahuricae Radix / 药学学报

To study the changes in the pharmacokinetic behavior of four coumarins (bergapten, oxypeucedanin, imperatorin and isoimperatorin) in rats before and after combinating Angelicae Dahuricae Radix with Chuanxiong Rhizoma. The plasma concentrations of the drugs were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (UPLC-FLD) for dose response and time dependent curves. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 3.2.8, and SPSS 20.0 was used to analyze the differences of main pharmacokinetic parameters between the two groups. The result showed: comparing with Angelicae Dahuricae Radix group, the area under drug time curve (AUC0-24 h) of bergapten, oxypeucedanin and imperatorin increased by 177.2%, 97.14% and 54.43% respectively, AUC0-∞ increased by 282.3%, 104.2%, and 75.40% respectively, and clearance rate (CLZ/F) decreased by 68.26%, 51.08% and 43.98% respectively; the peak drug concentration (Cmax) of four coumarins was significantly increased; the distribution volume (VZ/F) of bergapten was significantly decreased. These data indicated that Chuanxiong Rhizoma can promote the absorption of coumarins in Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, slow down the elimination of coumarins, and increase their bioavailability in vivo. The animal experiment scheme in this study has been approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (approval number: BUCM-4-2020083105-3072).

Prevalence of allergic diseases and associated factors among schoolaged children in Shanghai / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To examine the prevalence of allergic diseases in schoolaged children from Shanghai and to explore related factors so as to produce epidemiological data regarding allergic diseases in children.@*Methods@#Multistage cluster sampling was used to carry out the study in Shanghai from April to June 2019. A total of 10 686 children aged 7-12 years from 17 primary schools participated in the survey. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)Scale was used to evaluate allergic diseases. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the related factors.@*Results@#The overall prevalence of allergic diseases among schoolaged children in Shanghai was 47.0%. A higher prevalence was observed among boys (50.4% vs 43.3% in girls, χ2=54.44, P<0.01). Common allergic diseases included asthma (13.9%), allergic rhinitis (18.2%), and atopic dermatitis (34.3%). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the common risk factors of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis included the following:male gender (OR=1.52,1.44,1.22); mother has a bachelors degree or above (OR=1.26,1.77,1.84); family history of allergic diseases (OR=2.87,4.24,2.57); only child (OR=1.16,1.28,1.22); curtain cleaning frequency <1 time/month (OR=1.41,1.79,1.77); room not cleaned daily (OR=1.14,1.18,1.20); and dust exposure frequency ≥1 time/month (OR=1.45,1.56,1.42), all P<0.05. These three types of allergic diseases were also associated with unique risk factors that dependent on socialenvironmentalbehavioral factors.@*Conclusion@#Compared with previous data, the prevalence of allergic diseases among schoolaged children in Shanghai increased significantly in 2019. The related influencing factors involve multiple variables including demographics, environmental exposure and behavior, which warrant further exploration.

Research progress on sleep and allergic diseases in children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#In recent years, the incidence of allergic diseases in children and adolescents has been on the rise globally, which has become an important public health problem. It is important to identify modifiable risk factors for allergic diseases in this group. In this paper, through research review on the association between sleep behavior and allergic diseases in children and adolescents, it is suggested that sleep deficiency, sleep disorder and sleep rhythm disturbance are closely related to children s allergic diseases, which provides a new concept for prevention of allergic diseases through sleep behavioral improvement.