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Objective@#To evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and aerobic combined resistance exercise on body composition among overweight and obese children and adolescents, to provide more comprehensive and effective evidences for overweight/obesity intervention research and practice in children and adolescents.@*Methods@#Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding exercises on body composition among children and adolescents with overweight and obesity published before December 31th, 2020 were searched in databases of CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Stata 15.1 and RevMan 5.0 were used for statistical analysis.@*Results@#A total of 38 RCTs were included. The effectiveness of exercise on BMI reduction among overweight/obese children and adolescents were in the following rankings: combined exercise [ MD =-1.25(-1.76--0.74), P ＜0.05], aerobic exercise [ MD =-0.87(-1.23--0.52), P ＜0.05], resistance exercise [ MD =-0.58(-1.06--0.10), P ＜0.05]. The effectiveness of exercise on body fat percentage reduction among overweight/obese children and adolescents were in the following rankings: combined exercise [ MD =-4.02(-5.60--2.44), P ＜0.05], resistance exercise [ MD =-2.89(-4.62--1.16), P ＜0.05], aerobic exercise [ MD =-1.88(-3.14--0.62), P ＜0.05].@*Conclusion@#Aerobic training combined with resistance training is the most effective exercise to improve body composition for children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. When formulating exercise prescription,atrobic combined with resistance exercise can be used as the first choice for overweight and obese children and adolescents.
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Objective@#To investigate the variability of the time and frequency of Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA) during the school days and weekends of junior high school students, and to explore the correlation between MVPA and physical fitness.@*Methods@#A cluster sampling method was used to investigate 79 students of grade 1 and grade 2 in Beijing Huilongguan Middle School. Adapted one day physical activity recording tool was implemented to investigate students’ physical activity from 8:00 to 23:00 a week, activity records were classified into daily MVPA parts and non MVPA parts based on MET values. Physical activity time series for 5 consecutive days and 2 weekends, as well as MVPA total time and the lempel ziv complexity of the sequence was calculated. Investigated the correlation between the MVPA situation and the results of national students’ physical fitness standard test.@*Results@#There was no statistical difference in MVPA time between males and females during school days( t =-0.90, P >0.05). Females had greater variability in MVPA than males(58.9%, 53.5%). There was also no statistical difference in MVPA complexity between genders( t =-0.55, P >0.05). During weekends, there was no significant difference in the total MVPA time between men and women( t =-0.13, P >0.05). The CV of male MVPA time was lower than that of female(141.5%, 152.8%). There was also no significant difference( t =-0.63, P >0.05), and male MVPA complex CV was slightly higher than that of female ( 55.1% , 48.1%). The MVPA time CV of adolescents during weekdays was slightly lower for males (weekdays vs weekends: 53.5%, 141.5%) than females(58.9%, 152.8%). The MVPA complexity in weekdays among males was moderately correlated with BMI( r =0.41), and the MVPA time and weight of females ( r =-0.30) and BMI ( r =-0.31) were low. The complexity was related to body weight ( r =-0.31) and BMI ( r =-0.33) to a low degree( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Junior middle school students are more active on school days than weekend, but the MVPA time series are limited. Schools can effectively improve physical fitness by spreading out the activity period of MVPA in one day. MVPA complexity, as a more comprehensive indicator, may be more sensitive to BMI of junior middle school students.
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Objective To explore the changes in the serum periostin (PN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the clinical significance.Methods The serum samples from 53 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) as case group and 50 healthy subjects as control group were collected and compared in this study.And the DM patients included 15 patients with DM without fundus lesions (DM group),18 patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR,NPDR group) and 20 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR,PDR group).The serum levels of PN and VEGF were analyzed by ELISA assay,and the correlation of DR with serum PN and VEGF levels was evaluated.Results The differences in serum PN and VEGF between the case group and control group were statistically significant (both P ＜ 0.05).And there were significant difference in PN and VEGF levels among the DM group,NPDR group,PDR group and control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,there was no significant difference in serum PN between the DM group and NPDR group (P ＞ 0.05),but there were statistically significant differences among the other groups (all P ＜ 0.05).There were statistically significant differences in serum VEGF among the four groups (all P ＜ 0.05).And finally,positive correlations were found between PN and VEGF in the NPDR group and PDR group (r =0.483,0.509,both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PN and VEGF play an active role in the initiation and development of DR,and they have a close correlation with the neovascularization and fibrovascular membrane of the advanced stage of DR.