PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 enhancing the antitumor of vesicular stomatitis virus A51 against osteosarcoma / 解剖学报

Objective To explore whether PI3K inhibitor combined with oncolytic virus can play an effective oncolytic effect on osteosarcoma. Methods The cytotoxicity to tumor cells was detected by MTT method, and the mechanism of enhancing the anti-tumor activity was explored by observation of the swelling of endoplasmic reticulum using electron microscope and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins using Western blotting. The tumor clearance ability of the combination of the PI3k inhibitor ZSTK474 and vesicular stomatitis virus A51 (VSVA51) was verified by anti-tumor experiment in vivo. The apoptosis of tumor cells was verified by immunohistochemistry. Results PI3K inhibitor could be used as sensitizers of oncolytic VSVA51, and confirmed that the)' promoted the strong apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells by aggravating the stress of endoplasmic reticulum in tumor cells (P < 0 . 01). In vivo experiments also showed that PI3K inhibitors combined with VSVA51 could significantly promote the oncolytic effect of osteosarcoma (P<0.001), and this combination therapy enhanced the infiltration of immune cells in the tumor (P<0.001). Conclusion PI3K inhibitors combined with oncolytic virus is a potential therapy for osteosarcoma.

Clinical study on negative pressure closed drainage combined with vancomycin loaded calcium sulfate and autogenous bone in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical effects of negative pressure closed drainage combined with vancomycin loaded calcium sulfate and autogenous bone in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2013 to December 2016, there were 35 cases of chronic osteomyelitis patients in our department, including 23 males and 12 females, ranging in age from 11 to 65 years old, with an average of 34 years old. The course of disease ranged from 8 to 46 months, with an average of 26 months. All patients were chronic osteomyelitis caused by open wounds. The lesions had recurrent redness and swelling and purulent skin perforation. Thirty-two patients had positive results in bacterial culture of sinus secretions, and 3 patients had negative results. Imaging examination showed the lesions of bone destruction, bone defects, surrounded by bone hyperplasia sclerosis. At the first stage, complete debridement was performed to remove necrotic tissues and inflammatory tissues; and the dressing of negative pressure closed drainage was used to completely cover the wound so as to promote the repair of the wound. At the second stage, the vancomycin loaded, calcium sulfate and autogenous iliac cancellous bone were mixed into the bone graft complex to evenly fill the lesions. The healing of the wound was observed and X-ray examination of the lesion was carried out to observe the absorption of calcium sulfate and the growth of new bone.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-six patients underwent debridement and negative pressure closed drainage on time, 6 patients 2 times, and 3 patients 3 times. Thirty-two patients had incisions healed with grade A; 2 patients had incisions healed with grade B, and got completely healing after anti-infection, and wound dressing treatment; 1 patient had an incision healed with grade C, and got normal healing after re-debridement at the 4th week after operation. All patients did not have skin redness and ulceration again. X-ray imaging showed that the implanted calcium sulphate was absorbed gradually around 4 weeks, new bone was formed at 8 weeks, and bone defects in the lesions area were healed completely at 6 months to 2 years.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Negative pressure closed drainage combined with vancomycin loaded calcium sulfate and autogenous bone in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis is a good and reliable method, worthy of clinical promotion.</p>

Distribution and drug resistance analysis of bacteria in different wound infections / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of bacteria in different wound infections and provide evidence for wound infection control in subtropical regions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study involved 265 patients from 4 different departments of our hospital who experienced wound infections between July, 2007 and July, 2008. The bacterial strain distribution in the wounds and drug resistance of the bacteria were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Acinetobacter baumanii (39% of the total strain identified) was the most frequent bacterial strain causing infection of the burn wounds, followed by Proteus mirabilis (20%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20%). E. coli infection was prevalent in the departments of general surgery (37%) and urinary surgery (64%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas pneumonia infections were detected at the rate of 30% and 43% in the urinary surgery department, respectively. Different bacterial strains were found at similar rates around 10% in the wounds of patients undergoing traumatic surgery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Despite that the commonly seen pathogenic bacteria in burn patients including Staphylococcus aureus have been effectively controlled by early application of antibiotics, the opportunistic pathogens such as Acinetobacter baumanii and Proteus mirabilis often survive these antibiotics, and some strains evolve to be drug-resistant and even multi-drug-resistant. E. coli infection is prevalent in general surgery and urinary surgery departments, where Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections can also be found frequently. All kinds of bacteria infection are present in trauma surgery department, each found at the rate around 10%.</p>

Effect of burn blister fluid on human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) in vitro and its phenotypic modulation in culture / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of blister fluid obtained from burn patient on human MSCs in vitro and its phenotypic modulation in culture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blister fluid from burn patients was collected at 12, 24, 48 post burn hour (PBH). The human MSCs were isolated, cultured, amplified and identified in vitro, then were divided into A (culture with 20% blister fluid collected at 12 PBH) , B (culture with 20% blister fluid collected at 24 PBH), C (culture with 20% blister fluid collected at 48 PBH), N (with ordinary culture medium) groups. The growth of MSCs and micro-organisms in blister fluid were observed. Positive expression rates of CD44 and CK7 were detected by flow cytometry after culture for 8 days.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bacterial and fungal growths were absent in 15 blister fluid samples. There was no obvious change in MSC morphology in each group. Compared with that of N group, the number of MSCs in A, B, C groups was decreased, especially in C group. CD44 positive expression rate in A, B, C groups was (83.0 +/- 3.1)%, (77.2 +/- 2.9)% and (65.1 +/- 2.3)%, respectively,which was obviously lower than that in N group [(89.5 +/- 3.2)%, P < 0.01]. CK7 positive expression rate in A, B, C groups was (24.06 +/- 0.11)%, (16.41 +/- 0.09)% and (4.48 +/- 0.07)%, respectively, which was obviously higher than that in N group [(3.87 +/- 0.04)%, P < 0.01].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Burn blister fluid can obviously inhibit the growth of human MSC cultured in vitro, and may promote modulation of its phenotype to certain extent.</p>