Clinical characteristics and early prediction of acute respiratory distress syndrome in severe acute pancreatitis / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and predictors of severe acute pancreatitis complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (SAP-ARDS).Methods:Clinical data of consecutive 313 SAP patients hospitalized from January 2000 to January 2020 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, were retrospectively analyzed, including 258 cases with ARDS (ARDS group) and 55 cases without ARDS (non-ARDS group). According to the severity of ARDS, ARDS group were further divided into mild ARDS group (165 cases) and moderate to severe ARDS group (93 cases). Clinical symptoms, laboratory examination and imaging results, ICU admission time and clinical outcome, as well as the local and systemic complications, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHEⅡ) within 24 h after admission, bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP), CT severity index (CTSI), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) and quick sequenctial organ failure assessment(qSOFA) score were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to analyze independent risk factors of SAP complicated with moderate to severe ARDS. Receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) was drawn to calculate area under the ROC curve (area under curve, AUC) and evaluate the performance of WBC and hsCRP in predicting SAP complicated with moderate to severe ARDS, and assess the performance of APACHEⅡ, BISAP, CTSI, SOFA and qSOFA scores in predicting SAP-ARDS endotracheal intubation.Results:The ICU length of stay and mortality rate of SAP-ARDS patients were significantly higher than those without ARDS [(8.3±11.6 day vs 5.7±7.7 day, 12.4% vs 3.6%, all P value <0.05)]. Univariate analysis showed that elevated WBC ( OR 4.52, 95% CI 1.64-12.4) and hsCRP ( OR 3.69, 95% CI 1.29-10.48) on admission were independent risk factors for moderate to severe ARDS with SAP. The AUC of WBC and hsCRP for predicting SAP with moderate to severe ARDS at admission were 0.651(95% CI 0.532-0.770) and 0.615 (95% CI 0.500-0.730), respectively. The predicted cut-off values (Cut-off values) were 17.5×10 9/L and 159 mg/L, respectively, and the sensitivity was 53.1% and 78.1%, the specificity was 78.1% and 48.4% respectively. The area under the ROC curve for APACHEⅡ, BISAP, CTSI, SOFA, and qSOFA score 24 h after admission in the early prediction of endotracheal intubation were 0.739 (95% CI 0.626-0.840), 0.705 (95% CI 0.602-0.809), 0.753 (95% CI 0.650-0.849 ), 0.737 (95% CI 0.615-0.836) and 0.663 (95% CI 0.570-0.794), and the optimum Cut-off values were 14 points, 3 points, 5 points, 7 points, 2 points, and the sensitivity and specificity for these predictors were 58.8% and 81.4%, 79.4% and 60.0%, 73.5% and 67.1%, 38.2% and 98.6%, 45.5% and 83.3%, respectively. Conclusions::Elevated blood WBC and hsCRP on admission were independent risk factors for moderate to severe ARDS in SAP. APACHEⅡ≥14, BISAP≥3, CTSI≥5, SOFA≥7, or qSOFA≥2 within the 24 h admission indictaed that the risk of SAP patients to receive endotracheal intubation was high.

The research progress on gut microbiota in acute pancreatitis / 中华临床营养杂志

Gut microbiota is closely related to human health. Increasing evidence has indicated that alterations of gut flora play an important role in the occurrence and development of acute pancreatitis. Exploration of the specific effects of gut microbiota on the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis may help to develop novel therapeutic strategies and improve the prognosis of acute pancreatitis. Here we reviewed and summarized the research progress regarding the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of acute pancreatitis.

Correlation analysis of serum IgE concentration of dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergen components Ⅰ and acute attack of asthma in children / 中国综合临床

Objective:To explore the correlation of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergen components Ⅰ (Der p1 IgE) level and acute attack of childhood asthma.Methods:Using a case-control study, 52 asthmatic children treated in Children′s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from June to October in 2018 and June to October in 2019 were selected as the asthmatic group.In the same period, 52 healthy children with gender and age matched with asthma group were selected as control group.In addition, according to the grading standard of severity of asthma in children aged over 6 years, the asthma group was divided into mild moderate group ( n=33) and severe critical group ( n=19). The serum concentrations of Der p1 IgE were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The serum concentrations of Der p1 IgE in the two groups were compared.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum Der p1 IgE concentration and acute attack of asthma in children. Results:The Der p1 IgE concentration in asthmatic group was (409.63±51.50)×10 3 IU/L, which was significantly increased compared to the healthy case-control group(314.44±8.75)×10 3 IU/L.The difference was statistically significant ( t′=13.139, P<0.01). The Der p1 IgE concentrations in mild-moderate group and severe-critical group were (385.81±14.75)×10 3 IU/L and (451.00±65.45)×10 3 IU/L, respectively.The difference was statistically significant ( t′=4.279, P<0.01). Logistic regression result showed that peripheral serum Der p1 IgE level had a correlation with acute attack of childhood asthma (regression coefficien t=1.322, OR=3.596, 95% CI 2.874-8.957, P=0.003). Conclusion:The level of serum Der p1 IgE in children with acute exacerbation of asthma was higher than that of healthy children, suggesting that serum Der p1 IgE may be involved in the acute attack process of childhood asthma.

Construction and clinical practice of a new "teaching-examination separation" assessment system in standardized resident training / 中华医学教育探索杂志

To strengthen the management of residents standardized training process, so as to further improve the homogenized construction of residents standardized training, we constructed a standardized assessment system for residents training process according to the principle of "teaching-examination separation", including a new independent team of examiners, standardization of the assessment process, and expansion of standardized test bank of practical skills and medical cases. Results showed that the rates of attendance, 360-degree evaluation completion, and post-department examination, and annual assessment were all improved. The new assessment system of "teaching-examination separation" for residents standardized training strictly ensures the training quality and plays an active role in promotion of training by tests, being fair and just, and improving the efficiency and homogenization of resident standardized training, which is worthy of further research and popularization.

Effect of GP130 small molecular inhibitor SC144 on renal interstitial fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To investigate the effect of glycoprotein 130 (GP130) inhibitor SC144 on extracellular matrix accumulation and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model, and explore its mechanism. Methods: Eighteen female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups i.e. sham group, UUO group and SC144 group. All mice were sacrificed at day 14 and kidneys were harvested for further analysis. The changes of renal tissue morphology and pathology were observed by H-E and Masson staining. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and infiltration of macrophage cells were assayed by immunohistochemical staining. The levels of collagen-I, collagen-IV, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) mRNA were analyzed by real-time PCR. The activation of JAK2 and STAT3 was measured by Western blotting. Results: There was a trend toward decreased renal tubular lesion and renal interstitial fibrosis in SC144 group (H-E, P=0.052; Masson, P=0.063). SC144 significantly inhibited the levels of α-SMA, type I/type IV collagen and TGF-β mRNA (all P<0.05). Compared with UUO group, the phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT3 were significantly decreased in SC144 group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: The treatment of UUO mouse model with SC144 can inhibit the activation of α-SMA, attenuate the phosphorylation of STAT3, reduce extracellular matrix protein deposition following injury and renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, indicating its potential in attenuating interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy.

Neuroimaging study of the amygdala functional connectivity network on the co-existence of depression and cognitive impairment in nondemented elderly / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the characteristics of amygdala neural circuitry in comorbidity of late-life depression (LLD) and cognitive impairment. Methods Twenty-four LLD,eighteen amnestic mild cognitive impairments (aMCI),thirteen aMCI with depression (dMCI) and thirty cognitive normal (CN) subjects completed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. Main effects of depression and MCI and their interactions on the intrinsic amygdala functional connectivity network ( AFCN) connectivity were examined. Behavioral significance of AFCN that voxel-wised amygdala connectivity correlating with de-pression severity and memory scores were also tested after controlling the effects of covariates,including age, gender,education, gray matter atrophy, and group. Results The immediate memory and delayed memory function in the aMCI group (-0. 75 ± 0. 77 and -1. 13 ± 0. 56) and the dMCI group (-1. 07 ± 0. 79 and-1. 00±0. 52) were significantly lower than those of the CN group (0. 46±0. 73 and 0. 60±0. 61),and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01). Depression and anxiety in the LLD group (1. 00±0. 53 and 0. 93±0. 98) and the dMCI group (0. 86±0. 80 and 0. 78±0. 82) were significantly higher than those of the CN group (-0. 92±0. 25 and -0. 74±0. 22),and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01). Brain network analysis showed that separated neural circuits were implicated in the depression and cognitive im-pairment. Importantly,interactive effects of depression and MCI on the AFCN were also identified,especially in the bilateral somatomotor area,inferior parietal cortex/precuneus,posterior cingulate cortex,right medial prefrontal cortex/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Behavioral significance of AFCN also re-vealed the distinctive neural circuits involved in the depression severity and memory deficits,respectively. Conjunction analysis further identified the overlapped neural circuits associated with depression and memory deficits were primarily in the left DLPFC,insula,hippocampus,right inferior prefrontal cortex and dorsomedi-al prefrontal cortex. Conclusions Depression and cognitive impairment synergistically facilitate functional decoupling of AFCN and thus compromise the integrity of amygdala networks. Distinct depression-related or MCI-related neural constructs represent the characteristics of clinical phenotype of depression or MCI alone, while overlapped circuits probably reveal the neural basis of comorbidity of LLD and MCI.

Efficacy and safety of simulated artificial pancreas in modulating stress hyperglycemia in critically ill patients:a prospective randomized controlled study / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective To explore efficacy and safety of simulated artificial pancreas in modulating stress hyperglycemia in critically ill patients. Methods A prospective randomized controlled study was performed. Seventy-two critically ill patients with stress hyperglycemia, aged 18-85 years, acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ) score over 15, two consecutive random blood glucose 11.1 mmol/L or higher, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) below 0.065, unable to eat food for 3 days after inclusion, or only accepting parenteral nutrition, admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) in Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District from January 1st, 2015 to June 30th, 2017 were enrolled. The patients were divided into three groups according to the random number table method, high-intensity group and low-intensity group were injected Novolin R (high-intensity group 2/3 dosage, low-intensity group 1/3 dosage) to modulate stress hyperglycemia by simulated artificial pancreas. Simulated artificial pancreas consisted of Guardian real time glucose monitoring system (GRT system), close-circle control algorithm and micro-pump;subcutaneous injection of Humulin 70/30 was applied to modulate stress hyperglycemia in humulin group. Real-time glucose levels of interstitial fluid in abdominal wall, equivalent to blood glucose levels, 10 minutes each time, were monitored by using of GRT system for all patients in three groups. Fasting serum levels of stress hormones including epinephrine and cortisol and insulin resistance index (IRI) were recorded within 24 hours after inclusion. Mean blood glucose, blood glucose variation coefficient, blood glucose target-reaching rate, blood glucose target-reaching time, hypoglycemia rate and 6-month mortality were measured. Twenty healthy adults from health administration department of the hospital were recruited as healthy control group. Results A total of 60 eligible critically ill patients were included in this study, each group with 20 patients. There was no significant difference in gender, age, APACHE Ⅱ scores among three groups. The levels of serum epinephrine, cortisol and IRI within 24 hours after inclusion in the three groups were significantly higher than those in healthy control group. The mean blood glucose levels of humulin group, low-intensity group, high-intensity group were decreased (mmol/L: 10.2±3.2, 8.4±2.6, 8.1±2.2), the blood glucose target-reaching rate were increased [40.2% (3 295/8 196), 71.1% (5 393/7 585), 80.4% (6 286/7 818)], the blood glucose target-reaching time were shortened (hours: 49.1±5.8, 24.6±4.6, 17.5±4.2), the hypoglycemia rates were increased respectively [1.3% (108/8 196), 2.8% (211/7 585), 4.0% (313/7 818)], with statistically significant differences (all 1 = 0.000). There was no significant difference in blood glucose variation coefficient and 6-month mortality among three groups [blood glucose variation coefficient: (29.4±3.7)%, (28.5±5.3)%, (26.1±4.6)%, 6-month mortality: 55.0%, 45.0%, 40.0%, all 1 > 0.05]. Conclusions Simulated artificial pancreas could effectively and safely modulate stress hyperglycemia in critically ill patients, high-intensity modulation could bring about better efficacy in the regulation of hyperglycemia. High-frequency blood glucose monitoring by using GRT system could promptly identify hypoglycemia and help it to be corrected.

The study on the implicit memory in patients with Alzheimer disease / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To explore the characteristics of conceptual priming and perceptual priming in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods The implicit memory (conceptual repetition priming and perceptual repetition priming) and Neuropsychological (DS, VFT, CTT interference time) tests were conducted on 30 aMCI patients, 30 AD patients and 30 normal elderly people. Results Compared with the normal elderly group and the aMCI group, DS, VFT, CTT interference time and conceptual repetition priming of AD patients were lower than those in the normal elderly group (P<0.01). However, perceptual repetition priming was no statistically significant among the groups (P>0.05). Conclusion AD patients have impairments on the conceptual repetition priming , DS, VFT, CTT interference time and implicit memory and the decrease in the frontal lobe function may be an important neurological basis for AD.

Effect of GP130 small molecular inhibitor SC144 on renal interstitial fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To investigate the effect of glycoprotein 130 (GP130) inhibitor SC144 on extracellular matrix accumulation and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model, and explore its mechanism. Methods·Eighteen female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups i.e. sham group, UUO group and SC144 group. All mice were sacrificed at day 14 and kidneys were harvested for further analysis. The changes of renal tissue morphology and pathology were observed by H-E and Masson staining. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and infiltration of macrophage cells were assayed by immunohistochemical staining. The levels of collagen-I, collagen-IV, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)mRNA were analyzed by real-time PCR.The activation of JAK2 and STAT3 was measured by Western blotting. Results·There was a trend toward decreased renal tubular lesion and renal interstitial fibrosis in SC144 group (H-E, P=0.052;Masson,P=0.063).SC144 significantly inhibited the levels of α-SMA,type I/type IV collagen and TGF-β mRNA(all P<0.05).Compared with UUO group, the phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT3 were significantly decreased in SC144 group (both P<0.05). Conclusion·The treatment of UUO mouse model with SC144 can inhibit the activation of α-SMA, attenuate the phosphorylation of STAT3, reduce extracellular matrix protein deposition following injury and renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)via JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway,indicating its potential in attenuating interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy.

Complex enzyme combined with ultrasound extraction technology, physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of Hedysarum polysaccharides / 中国中药杂志

In this study, complex enzymes combined with ultrasonic extraction technology（MC） were used, to select optimal extraction combinations by single factor and orthogonal test, with Hedysarum polysaccharides yield and content as the comprehensive indexes. The components, physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of Hedysarum polysaccharides from complex enzyme combined with ultrasonic extraction（HPS-MC）and the Hedysarum polysaccharides from hot water extraction（HPS-R）were analyzed. The results showed that：complex enzymes had significant effect on the yield and content of Hedysarum polysaccharides, and the ultrasonic power could significantly improve the content of Hedysarum polysaccharides. The optimum technological parameters were as follows: complex enzyme ratio 1:1, ultrasonic power 105 W, ultrasonic time 60 min, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH 5, achieving （14.01±0.64）% and （92.45±1.47）% respectively for the yield and content of Polysaccharides. As compared with HPS-R, the molecular weight, absolute viscosity and protein content of HPS-MC were decreased, while the content of uronic acid was increased. In the antioxidant system, the concentration of polysaccharide was within the range of 1-7 g·L⁻¹; the antioxidant activity of HPS-MC was higher than that of HPS-R, and HPS-MC (80%) with the lowest molecular weight showed a significant dose effect relationship with the increase of the experimental concentration. In conclusion, MC is a simple, convenient, economical and environmentally friendly extraction technology, and the Hedysarum polysaccharides extracted by this method have obvious antioxidant activity.

Seminal vesiculoscopy: Past, status quo, and prospects / 中华男科学杂志

Seminal vesiculoscopy is a new technology in uro-andrology developed in recent 10 years, which is a set of clinical operational techniques for observing the ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle, ampullar region of the vas deferens and their surrounding structure, determining the cause, location and degree of the disease, and accomplishing such treatment procedures as irrigation, resection, incision, fulguration, hemostasis, expansion, drainage, and removal of hematocele, stones or obstruction in the distal seminal duct region. Therefore, it is not only an etiologically diagnostic technique, but also a minimally invasive surgical approach to the management of common diseases of the distal seminal duct region. Seminal vesiculoscopy has irreplaceable advantages of safety, effectiveness, minimal invasiveness, rapid recovery, and few complications.

Vacuum sealing drainage as an adjuvant treatment of penile and scrotal gangrene: Clinical analysis of 4 cases / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To search for an optimal strategy for the treatment of penile and scrotal gangrene by analyzing the clinical effect of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) as an adjuvant treatment on this disease.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data about 4 cases of penile and scrotal gangrene treated by VSD as an adjuvant treatment from January 2015 to June 2016. The 4 patients all underwent early extensive and radical debridement of gangrene of the scrotum and penis and received intravenous injection of two broad-spectrum antibiotics, followed by VSD for wound drainage and irrigation.@*RESULTS@#Adequate wound drainage was achieved in all the 4 cases, the gangrene range rapidly localized and testicular necrosis avoided. The wound surface healed satisfactorily after cleansing and suturing. The patients were followed up for 3 months after discharged from the hospital and none experienced recurrence.@*CONCLUSIONS@#VSD combined with early adequate debridement can effectively localize the gangrene range, significantly reduce the frequency of changing dressings and shorten the hospitalization time of the patient, and therefore is a very effective adjuvant treatment of penile and scrotal gangrene.

Surgical treatment for posterior Pilon fracture through posterolateral approach / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore clinical results of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for posterior Pilon fracture through posterolateral approach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventeen patients with posterior Pilon fracture were treated through posterolateral approach from February 2010 to April 2013. Among them,including 11 males and 6 females aged from 29 to 59 with an average of 43.4 years old. All fractures were associated with more than 20% of articular surface of distal tibial. The causes of injury included falling down (11 cases), traffic accident (4 cases) and sports injury(6 cases). Fracture classification was based on posterior pilon fracture by YU Guang-rong, including type I (6 cases), type II (2 cases) and type III (6 cases). Fracture healing time, fracture reduction and postoperative complications were observed, AOFAS score were applied to evaluate clinical efficacy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up from 13 to 24 months with an average of 20.5 months. All incisions were healed at stage I, and fractures obtained healing,the time of fracture healing ranged from 12 to 21 weeks with an average of 15.2 weeks. No incision infection, neurovascular injury, bone ununion and fracture deformity were found after operation. Postoperative AOFAS score was 92.0 ± 10.2, and 14 cases got excellent results, 2 good and 1 moderate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Posterior pilon fracture through posterolateral approach could obtain effective reduction, stable fixation. It is a safe, simple and effective operation for treating posterior Pilon fracture, and it is worth popularizing.</p>

Role of Wnt Inhibitory Factor-1 in Inhibition of Bisdemethoxycurcumin Mediated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Highly Metastatic Lung Cancer 95D Cells / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) is an active component of curcumin and a chemotherapeutic agent, which has been suggested to inhibit tumor growth, invasion and metastasis in multiple cancers. But its contribution and mechanism of action in invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are not very clear. Therefore, we tried to study the effects of BDMC on regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is closely linked to tumor cell invasion and metastasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, we first induced transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) mediated EMT in highly metastatic lung cancer 95D cells. Thereafter, we studied the effects of BDMC on invasion and migration of 95D cells. In addition, EMT markers expressions were also analyzed by western blot and immunofluorescence assays. The contribution of Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF-1) in regulating BDMC effects on TGF-β1 induced EMT were further analyzed by its overexpression and small interfering RNA knockdown studies.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It was observed that BDMC inhibited the TGF-β1 induced EMT in 95D cells. Furthermore, it also inhibited the Wnt signaling pathway by upregulating WIF-1 protein expression. In addition, WIF-1 manipulation studies further revealed that WIF-1 is a central molecule mediating BDMC response towards TGF-β1 induced EMT by regulating cell invasion and migration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our study concluded that BDMC effects on TGF-β1 induced EMT in NSCLC are mediated through WIF-1 and elucidated a novel mechanism of EMT regulation by BDMC.</p>

Autophagy Accompanied with Bisdemethoxycurcumin-induced Apoptosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, A549, and the highly metastatic lung cancer 95D cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CCK-8 assay was used to assess the effect of BDMC on cytotoxicity. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate apoptosis. Western blot analysis, electron microscopy, and quantification of GFP-LC3 punctuates were used to test the effect of BDMC on autophagy and apoptosis of lung cancer cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>BDMC inhibited the viability of NSCLC cells, but had no cytotoxic effects on lung small airway epithelial cells (SAECs). The apoptotic cell death induced by BDMC was accompanied with the induction of autophagy in NSCLC cells. Blockage of autophagy by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) repressed the growth inhibitory effects and induction of apoptosis by BDMC. In addition, BDMC treatment significantly decreased smoothened (SMO) and the transcription factor glioma-associated oncogene 1 (Gli1) expression. Furthermore, depletion of Gli1 by siRNA and cyclopamine (a specific SMO inhibitor) induced autophagy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Aberrant activation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling has been implicated in several human cancers, including lung cancers. The present findings provide direct evidence that BDMC-induced autophagy plays a pro-death role in NSCLC, in part, by inhibiting Hedgehog signaling.</p>

Effect of nickel-titanium wire on the expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca~(2+)-ATPase and ryanodine receptor in rat myocardial cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Although the nickel-titanium occluder in the treatment of congenital heart disease has a better clinical effect, arrhythmia wil be more likely to develop in late stage. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of nickel-titanium wire on expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca~(2+)-ATPase and ryanodine receptor of rat myocardial cels. METHODS:Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were obtained and randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. The nickel-titanium wire was implanted to the apex of heart of rats in the experimental group. Rats in the control group received no special treatment. Rat mycardial cels were harvested at the 1th, 3rdand 6th months after operation. The gene and protein expressions of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca~(2+)-ATPase and ryanodine receptor of rat myocardial cels were detected using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The inflammatory reactions were detected using hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After the nickel-titanium wire was implanted into the rat myocardium, inflammatory reaction was induced by inflammatory cel infiltration in the experimental group, with hyperplasia of fibrous tissue. The inflammatory reaction gradualy disappeared as the implanted time extended. No inflammatory cel infiltration was visible in the control group. There was no significant difference in the gene and protein expressions of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca~(2+)-ATPase and ryanodine receptor of rat myocardial cels at different time points after operation between these two groups. It showed that nickel-titanium wire had no influence on the expressions of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca~(2+)-ATPase and ryanodine receptor of rat myocardial cels. These results suggest that nickel-titanium occluder-related arrhythmia may have little relationship with abnormal protein expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca~(2+)-ATPase and ryanodine receptor.

Recent Progress of DNAzyme-Nanomaterial Based Biosensors / 分析化学

DNAzymes, screened through in vitro selection, were artificial nucleic acids with catalytic function . They could cleave specific substrates in the presence of cofactors with unique characteristics, such as high catalytic activity, high specificity for cofactors, excellent stability, and easy to synthesize and modify. The combination of DNAzymes with nanomaterials could retain the DNAzyme activity and realize the functional integration of recognition and signal transduction, promoting rapid development of biosensors. In the current paper, we mainly reviewed the recent progress in DNAzyme-nanomaterial based biosensors, and the nanomaterials included gold nanoparticles, graphene, quantum dots, magnetic nanomaterials, and so on.

AO elastic intramedullary nailing for the treatment of clavicle fractures / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the outcome of Titanium elastic intramedullary nailing (TEN) for the treatment of displaced midclavicular fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between February 2010 and February 2013, 62 patients with displaced midclavicular fractures were treated by TEN, including 27 males and 35 females with an average age of 37.6 years old ranging from 15 to 67 years. The course of disease was from 1 to 9 days (means 2.7 days). Thirty-nine cases were treated by closed reduction and 23 cases by assistant small incision. Based on OTA (the Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification) classification, 31 cases of simple fractures involved 5 cases of 06-A1,15 cases of 06-A2,11 cases of 06-A3; 31 cases of wedge fractures involved 4 cases of 06-B1,12 cases of 06-B2,15 cases of 06-B3. Postoperative pain relief were evaluated by VAS score,and operation time,fracture healing time were recorded. After 6 weeks and after removing internal fixation shoulder joint function was evaluated by Constant score, and shoulder joint function were assessed by Herscovici score after 6 weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Except 2 cases were lost to follow-up, 2 cases did not remove internal fixation, 3 cases' fractures were nonunion, the remaining 55 patients received follow-up for an average time of 11.4 months. The average preoperative VAS score was 5.20±0.71, and it turned to be 1.550.59 at 3 days after operation. The average operative duration was 40 min (15 to 65 min). The average bone healing time was (2.71±0.54) months (2 to 5 months). No difference about bone healing time was found between simple fractures and wedge fractures,and between the patients treated by closed reduction and assistant small incision. According to Herscovici standard, the shoulder function was excellent in 49 cases, good in 4, fair in 1, and poor in 1. Simple fractures achieved better Constant score than wedge fractures at 6 weeks postoperatively, whereas no difference was found at 4 weeks after fixation removal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Titanium elastic nails (TEN) for treatment of displaced midclavicular fractures has advantages of good clinical effect,rapid pain relief,fast recovery of shoulder joint function. For OTA classification type B patients with comminuted fracture can replace steel to achieve very good effect, but to grasp the appropriate.</p>

Treatment of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis with single posterior debridement, bone grafting, internal fixation and local chemotherapy / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical effects of single posterior debridement, bone grafting, internal fixation and local chemotherapy in treating thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February 2009 to September 2012,11 patients with thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis were treated by single posterior debridement, bone grafting, internal fixation and local chemotherapy. There were 7 males and 4 females, aged from 27 to 65 years old with an average of 53.7 years. The courses of disease was from 3 months to 2 years with the mean of 9 months. According to ASIA standard of spinal cord injury, 3 cases were grade C and 8 cases D. After treatment, clinical effects were evaluated by ASIA grade, visual analogue score (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI); kyphosis Cobb angle change was observed by X-rays.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eleven patients were followed up from 12 to 29 months with an average of 18 months. ASIA grade of spinal cord injury, 3 patients with grade C improved to grade D in 2 cases and grade E in 1 case 8 patients with grade D improved to grade E in 7 cases and unchanged in 1 case. VAS decreased from preoperative 6.10 ± 1.30 to 1.70 ± 0.80 at 3 d after operation (P < 0.05). ODI improved from preoperative (68.36 ± 10.41)% to (14.55 ± 8.99)% (P < 0.05) at 3 d after operation. Kyphotic Cobb angle was corrected from preoperative (22.64 ± 4.84)° to (4.27 ± 1.49)° (P < 0.05) on the 3rd day after operation, and angle loss was mild at final follow-up, there was no significant difference between postoperative at 3 d and final follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Single posterior debridement, bone grafting, internal fixation and local chemotherapy for the treatment of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis can effectively remove the lesion, improve nerve function and correct deformity, has advantage of single incision, little trauma, and low recurrence rate. But it still need long-term and systemic treatment with anti-TB drugs.</p>

Investigation and analysis of non-remuneratd donation in Hongkong Garrison / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To find out the situation of non-rewarded blood donation in the Hong Kong Garrison,and lfficers and men′s knowledge and will on non-rewarded blood donation.Thus,we can provide science bais for improving and optimaling military non-rwarded blood donation.Methods Give questionnaire in 1 610 donators in Hong Kong Garrison.The questionnaires includes basic condition of donators,motive of donation.The investigation discovered that,in aspect of offering love,there were more people who have donated several times than these who have once.In the aspect of considering health problems,non-donators are much more serious than donators.Results The age of blood donations in Hong Kong Garrison mainly ranges form 18 to 35,which ac-counts for 87.6% of the whole donators,offering love was the main reason for serviceman donating blood,among which people who donated once and several times accounts for 54.1% and 67.3% respectively,Military publicity was the main channel of learning blood donation knowledge.People who were willing to keep on donating blood account for 98.1%.Conclusion We should make targeted efforts on publicity,keep on improving blood taking safty measures,construct a well blood taking atmosphere,and show more humanistic concern and communication.So as to build a certain non-remunerated blood donating team and promote a sustained and healthy development of blood donation.