Expression of p21-activated kinase 2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics and chemosensitivity / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the expression of p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics and chemosensitivity of patients.Methods:Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) data for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and 123 patients were included in the study (12 cases had cancer tissues and normal tissues data, and the remaining 111 only had cancer tissues data). Differential expression of PAK2 in cancer and para-cancer tissues was analyzed by using R software, and the potential function of PAK2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma was investigated by using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database signaling pathway enrichment. A total of 34 patients with primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and corresponding para-carcinoma 34 tissue specimens who underwent surgical resection were retrospectively selected from Chaoyang Central Hospital between April 2016 and June 2021, and 20 cases of normal laryngeal mucosa tissues were selected as the controls. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of PAK2 in various tissues, and its correlation with clinicopathological factors was analyzed. A total of 35 supraglottic primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients were retrospectively collected before induction chemotherapy during the same period, including 20 patients sensitive to chemotherapy and 15 patients resistant to chemotherapy. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the relative expression level of PAK2 mRNA in cancer tissues.Results:Analysis of TCGA database data showed that PAK2 expression was increased in cancer tissues compared with that in para-cancer tissues ( P = 0.012); KEGG database signaling pathways showed that the high expression of PAK2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma was related to signal transduction pathways, cell cycle, and cancer. Immunohistochemistry showed that the proportion of PAK2 positive in 34 cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues and normal tissues [58.82% (20/34) vs. 0.03% (1/34), 0 (0/20), all P < 0.001]. There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of PAK2 positive patients stratified with different degrees of differentiation [high differentiation vs. low or middle differentiation: 33.33% (6/18)vs. 87.50% (14/16)], lymph node metastasis [presence vs. absence: 90.91% (10/11) vs. 43.48% (10/23)], TNM staging [stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ vs. stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ: 82.35% (14/17) vs. 35.29% (6/17)] (all P < 0.05), and PAK2 positive patients were not associated with clinical type, tumor size, smoking history, drinking history, and age (all P > 0.05). qRT-PCR showed that the relative expression level of PAK2 mRNA in the chemotherapy-resistant group was higher than that in the chemotherapy-sensitive group (3.89±0.12 vs. 0.78±0.23, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The expression level of PAK2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues is increased, and the high expression of PAK2 is closely related to the malignant clinical characteristics of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The high expression of PAK2 may indicate the insensitivity to traditional chemotherapy regimens, and PAK2 may be a potential gene that targets and regulates the chemosensitivity of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Clinical Research of CO2 Laser Resection of the Paraglottic Space and Arytenoid for the Treatment of Bilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis / 中国微创外科杂志

[Summary] This paper reported 10 patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis from March 2013 to October 2015.The paraglottic space and arytenoid were resected with CO 2 laser.The endotracheal intubation was removed at 3 months after surgery .The patients were followed up for 1-2 years.No dyspnea or eating difficulty was seen .Patient’ s voice was normal.The cavity mucous membrane was smooth .No complications such as granulation tissue growth occurred .

Analysis of clinical factors for the efficacy of TPF in treating hypopharyngeal carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To summarize the clinical effect of TPF regimen in the treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinoma and explore various clinical factors affecting treatment efficacy.@*METHOD@#The clinical data of 20 cases with hypopharyngeal carcinoma, who received TPF treatment, were analyzed retrospectively. After two courses of chemotherapy, based on radiographic outcomes, next treatment plan was developed. To sum up the clinical information, including the clinical type, patterns of tumor growth, pathologic type, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, age and so on. To analyze possible influencing factors affecting curative effect.@*RESULT@#(1) After 20 cases with hypopharyngeal carcinoma received two courses of TPF treatment, the effect was evaluated. Objective response rate was 65%. (2) In patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma, the efficacy of TPF therapy was significantly related to the clinical type, patterns of tumor growth and pathologic type; there was no statistical significance in tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and age.@*CONCLUSION@#According to the clinical type, patterns of tumor growth and pathologic type of hypopharyngeal carcinoma, resistance to chemotherapy in hypopharyngeal carcinoma can be assessed, which provides important basis for designing individualized treatment plan.

The expression of EMS1 and DcR3 protein in laryngeal carcinoma and the relation between EMS1 and DcR3 / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of EMS1 and DcR3 in laryngeal carcinoma and analyze the relation of EMS1 and DcR3.@*METHOD@#The expression of EMS1 and DcR3 protein in 41 laryngeal carcinoma fresh samples and 41 para-carcinoma tissues (to cutting margin > 0.5 cm) were measured by flow cytometry, and 15 normal laryngeal mucosa samples were also studied as controls.@*RESULT@#(1) The quantitative and qualitative expression of EMS1 and DcR3 protein in laryngeal carcinoma tissues was obviously higher than those in para-carcinoma and in normal laryngeal mucosa tissues respectively (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the expression of para-carcinoma and normal laryngeal mucosa tissues. (2) In laryngeal carcinoma, the expression of EMS1 and DcR3 protein was independent of patients' clinical classification, tumor size, smoking history, patients' age and sex but associated with tumor metastasis, pathological grade and clinical stage. (3) In laryngeal carcinoma, the expression of EMS1 was positively correlated with that of DcR3.@*CONCLUSION@#EMS1 was positively related to DcR3, which might play an important role in the carcinogenesis and development of laryngeal carcinoma by synergic effect.

Expression of EMS1 protein and its clinical significance in laryngeal carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the expression of EMS1 in laryngeal carcinoma and its clinical signifi-cance. Method:The expression of EMS1 protein was measured in 40 samples of, 40 samples of para carcinoma tis-sues (which were near to cutting margin of laryngeal carcinoma tissuse over 0. 5 cm) ,and 20 samples of normal la-ryngeal mucosa as controls by Flow Cytometere( Epics-XL Ⅱ ). Results:The quantity and percentage of EMS1 pro-tein expression in laryngeal carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than those in para carcinoma and in normal laryngeal mucosa tissues respectively(P<0. 05). There was no significant expression difference between the para carcinoma tissues and normal laryngeal mucosa tissues. There were positive correlation between the expressions of EMS1 protein and metastasis, pathological grade and clinical stage in laryngeal carcinoma. But there were not rela-tionship with patients' clinical classification, tumor size, smoking history, age and sex. Conclusion: The high ex-pression of EMS1 may contribute to the carcinogenesis and development of laryngeal carcinoma. The expression of EMS1 protein is an important index of judging differentiation, infiltration, metastasis and staging of laryngeal car-cinoma.

Expression of EMS1 protein and its clinical significance in laryngeal carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of EMS1 in laryngeal carcinoma and its clinical significance.@*METHOD@#The expression of EMS1 protein was measured in 40 samples of, 40 samples of para carcinoma tissues (which were near to cutting margin of laryngeal carcinoma tissue over 0.5 cm), and 20 samples of normal laryngeal mucosa as controls by Flow Cytometer (Epics-XL II).@*RESULT@#The quantity and percentage of EMS1 protein expression in laryngeal carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than those in para carcinoma and in normal laryngeal mucosa tissues respectively (P<0.05). There was no significant expression difference between the para carcinoma tissues and normal laryngeal mucosa tissues. There were positive correlation between the expressions of EMS1 protein and metastasis, pathological grade and clinical stage in laryngeal carcinoma. But there were not relationship with patients' clinical classification, tumor size, smoking history, age and sex.@*CONCLUSION@#The high expression of EMS1 may contribute to the carcinogenesis and development of laryngeal carcinoma. The expression of EMS1 protein is an important index of judging differentiation, infiltration, metastasis and staging of laryngeal carcinoma.

Expression of DcR3 protein and its significance in laryngeal carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of DcR3 in laryngeal carcinoma and analyze the relation between DcR3 and clinical factors.@*METHOD@#The expression of DcR3 protein in 41 laryngeal carcinoma tissues and 41 para-carcinoma tissues (to cutting margin > 0.5 cm) were measured by Flow Cytometer(Epics-XL II), 15 normal laryngeal mucosa tissues were served as controls.@*RESULT@#(1) The quantitative and qualitative expression of DcR3 protein in laryngeal carcinoma tissues was obviously higher than those in para-carcinoma and normal laryngeal mucosa tissues, respectively (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference for the DcR3 protein expression between para-carcinoma and normal laryngeal mucosa tissues. (2) In laryngeal carcinoma, the expression of DcR3 protein was not significantly related to clinical classification, tumor size, smoking history, patients' age and sex but related to metastasis, pathological grade and clinical stage.@*CONCLUSION@#The high level of DcR3 expression may contribute to the carcinogenesis and development of laryngeal carcinoma. So it can be an important index for judging the differentiation, infiltration, metastasis and staging of laryngeal carcinoma.