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Objective:To evaluate the association between thrombus composition and mechanical recanalization,operation procedure and clinical outcome.Methods:One hundred and ninety-two consecutive stroke patients with large-vessel occlusion treated by mechanical thrombectomy using a stent retriever and (or) aspiration catheter in the Affiliated Huaian No.1 People′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2018 and January 2020 were collected. The retrieved thrombi were quantitatively analyzed for red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and fibrin. The patients were divided into two groups, a erythrocyte-rich group and a fibrin-rich group based on the predominant composition in the clot. The clinical prognosis, CT value of thrombus, procedure time,number of recanalization maneuvers, and degree of vascular recanalization were compared between the two groups.Results:The retrieved clot from 138 patients with acute ischemic stroke from internal carotid artery occlusion ( n=56), middle cerebral artery occlusion ( n=62), intracranial segment of vertebral artery or basilar artery occlusion( n=20) were histologically analyzed. Erythrocyte-rich clots were present in 59 cases, while fibrin-rich clots were present in 79 cases. Cardioembolic thrombi had higher proportions of fibrin/platelets [77.2%(61/79)], less erythrocytes than noncardioembolic thrombi [45.8%(27/59), χ2=8.115, P=0.004]. Patients with erythrocyte-rich thrombi had a smaller number of recanalization maneuvers [2 (1, 2) vs 3 (2, 4), Z=-7.613, P<0.001], shorter procedure time [45 (30, 60) min vs 80 (60, 90) min, Z=-6.944, P<0.001], higher thrombus CT value [42 (32, 53) vs 36 (31, 41), Z=-2.003, P=0.045], good clinical prognosis (the ratio of modified Rankin Scale score ≤2, 62.7% (37/59) vs 39.2% (31/79), χ2=7.444, P=0.006). There was no significant difference in the location of vascular occlusion between the two groups. Conclusion:For patients whose thrombotic components are mainly red blood cells, the cause of stroke may be non cardiogenic cerebral embolism, the CT value of embolus is relatively high, the embolus is easy to remove, and the clinical prognosis is relatively good.
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Objective To investigate the treatment of octanol on matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) protein expression,cerebral water content,infarction volume after ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Methods 150 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operated group (n=24),MCAO group (n=24),DMSO solvent control group (n=24) and octanol treatment group (n=24).A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced by suture method.TTC stain was used to detect the infarction volume,dry-wet weight method to determine the brain water content.The expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 protein was detected by immunofiuorescence and Western blot.Results At 24 h of reperfusion after ischemia for 2 h,the octanol treatment group compared with MCAO group brain infarction volume obviously decreased(P＜0.05),water content significantly reduced ((78.16± 1.47) ％ vs (80.88±0.73) ％,P＜0.05),the number of MMP-9 positive cells obviously decreased((10.67±2.16) vs (29.00±3.40),P＜0.05),the expression of MMP-9 protein significantly reduced ((0.14±0.01) vs (0.21±0.02),P＜0.05)and the number of TIMP-1 positive cells significantly increased ((27.83 ±2.13) vs (5.67± 1.03),P＜0.05),the expression of TIMP-1 protein obviously increased((0.42±0.01) vs (0.28± 0.01),P＜0.05).The difference between MCAO group and DMSO solvent control group was not statistically significant(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Octanol may reduce brain edema,brain infarction volume.Up-regulation the expression of MMP-9 and down-regulation the expression of TIMP-1 may be one of the underlying mechanisms of the octanol neuroprotection.
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Objective To study the characteristics of cell engraftment in mice at a lower dose under nonlethal radiated condition.Methods A syngeneic C57BL/6 mouse model,transplanted with 1 × 107 bone marrow cells and exposed to 2.5 Gy whole body irradiation (WBI),was selected to study the chimerism of cells from green fluorescent protein positive (GFP +) transgenic mice.The control group was injected with GFP + cells without receiving irradiation.In addition,an allogenic transplantation model of BALB/c mice was also investigated which was infused by GFP + cells from C57BL/6 mice.The engraftment of bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) was detected by immunohistochemistry in bone marrow,liver,lung,small intestine and spleen.Results The transplanted bone marrow cells successfully grafted in the haematopoietic tissues from syngeneic GFP transgenic mice.The transplanted GFP+ cells were also detected in the non-haematopoietic tissues,such as the small intestine,liver,spleen and lung,after irradiation.However,a lethal dose irradiation of 8 Gy was required to establish successful chimerism in allogeneic transplantation model by infusing the bone marrow cells from C57BL/6 mice to BALB/c mice.Conclusions Bone marrow-derived cells can be successfully grafted into various recipient tissues receiving a 2.5 Gy dose of radiation in syngeneic mice,but not in allogeneic mice.This nonlethal model may help to further study the plasticity and mechanism of bone marrow-derived cells in tissue repair and regeneration after radiation injury.