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AIM: To observe the effects of Tangshen formula (TSF) treatment on lipid efflux and uptake in sodium palmitate (PA) induced RAW264.7 macrophages. METHODS: After 200 μmol/L PA induced RAW264.7 macrophages, TSF and PGC-1α-siRNA were given to intervene respectively. The lipid content in the cells was detected by ELISA kit; intracellular lipid droplet deposition was detected by BODIPY 493/503 and Filipin staining. Western blot and Real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of PGC-1α, LXR, ABCA1 and CD36. RESULTS: TSF diminished the levels of TC, TG and intracellular lipid droplet deposition in PA-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Western blot and Real-time PCR analysis showed that TSF could up-regulate the expression of PGC-1α, LXR, ABCA1 and down-regulate the expression of CD36. Furthermore, silencing PCG-1α by SiRNA significantly suppressed the effects of upregulating the expression of PGC-1α, LXR and ABCA1, and downregulating the CD36 expression with TSF treatment. CONCLUSION: TSF may extenuate intracellular lipid droplet deposition in macrophages by upregulating cholesterol efflux through activating the PGC-1α/LXR/ABCA1 pathway and inhibiting lipid uptake through down-regulateing the expression of CD36.
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Purpose To investigate 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging characteristics of multiple myeloma (MM) and bone metastatic tumor,and evaluate the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the identification of MM and bone metastatic tumor.Materials and Methods Thirty patients who were definitely diagnosed as MM and another 30 cases with bone metastatic tumor confirmed by through pathology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from September 2010 to February 2017 were chosen to receive 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging.Focal distribution,type of bone destruction,maximum standardized uptake value and metabolic homogeneity in the two groups were compared.In addition,18F-FDG metabolic profile was also compared with that of the 30 controls with healthy bone.Results MM and bone metastatic tumor were mostly seen on spine,pelvis and chest bone,followed by limbs.Focal occurrence rate of the spine,pelvis and limbs had no statistical difference (P＞0.05).MM would often involve skull while bone metastatic tumor involved skull less often and differences among patients in the two groups were of statistical significance (P＜0.05).Uptaking abilities of MM and bone metastatic tumor on 18F-FDG were higher than that of healthy bones and the difference was of statistical importance (P＜0.05).MM on 18F-FDG was mostly represented as diffuse slight uptake and bone metastatic tumor was more often represented as imbalanced uptake.Among MM focal in this group,osteolytic bone destruction occupied 96.7％ and was mostly represented as "chisel-like" or "insect-bite-like".In addition,the bone was in expansive change,which was obvious in ribs and osteoblastic bone change was rare (3.3％).Among bone metastatic tumor focal,bone destruction was 76.7％,mostly represented as focal lesions and osteoblastic change was about 36.7％.As bone destruction occurred in MM and bone metastatic tumor,soft tissues mass was formed.Difference in the two groups had no statistical significance (x2=0.07,P＞0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT examination can obtain anatomical,metabolic and other imaging features and is of higher value for the identification and diagnosis of MM and bone metastatic tumor.