Advances in the research of anti-tuberculosis drugs / 中国药科大学学报

@#Tuberculosis(TB)treatment is currently falling into a gigantic dilemma-particularly with the increased frequentcy TB resistance, so the development of new anti-tuberculosis drugs is imperative and has received extensive attention. In the past decade, significant progress has been made in this field. Bedaquiline, delamanid and pretomanid have been approved for the clinical use. In addition, many other drugs and combination protocols are undergoing clinical trials. This review focuses on the new chemical entities for TB treatments from multiple perspectives, including the mechanisms of action, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetic properties and clinical results. Anti-tuberculosis drug research is prospected to provide a reference for drug deve-lopment.

The value of ultrasound gray scale ratio in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis in papillary thyroid carcinoma with different sizes / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To explore the value of ultrasound gray scale ratio (UGSR) in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC) with different sizes.Methods A retrospective study was made in 702 patients with 1107 nodules which were confirmed by surgery in the Department of Oncology or fineneedle aspiration of HangZhou First people's Hospital,Zhejiang University of medical school from Jan.2016 to Oct.2017.All the thyroid nodules were divided into three groups:D≤ 1 cm group,1＜D≤2 cm group and ＞2 cm group according to their sizes.The UGSR of the PTC and NG were obtained through the RAD info system.Their differences were analyzed and ROC was established to confirm the optimal threshold in the differential diagnosis between PTC and NG among the groups.Results There were 483 PTC and 624 NG in this study.The UGSR of D≤ 1 cm group,1＜D≤2 cm group and ＞2 cm group of PTC and NG were (0.48±0.12) vs (0.76±0.22)(t=33.21,P=0.00);(0.52±0.17) vs(0.80±0.21)(t=1.30,P=0.00) and (0.63±0.20) vs(0.89±0.24)(t=3.58,P=0.00) respectively.The area under the ROC of UGSR in the differentiation of PTC and NG in the three groups were 0.873,0.840 and 0.811 respectively.The Youden indexes were greatest (0.631,0.536 and 0.535 respectively),when the cut-offs of the UGSR were 0.682,0.652 and 0.831 respectively.The sensitivity and specificity to diagnose PTC were 94.8％ and 68.0％,75.0％ and 78.6％,80.3％ and 73.2％ respectively in the three groups.Conclusions The best UGSR value of PTC was variant in thyroid nodule with different size.Recognition of these differences accurately could improve the pre-operative diagnostic accuracy of PTC.Also the method is simple to operate and easy to apply.

The value of automated breast volume scanning, combined with virtual touch tissue imaging quantification in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesion / 中华医学超声杂志（电子版）

Objective To investigate the value of the automated breast volume scanning (ABVS) combined with virtual touch tissue imaging quantification (VTIQ) in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesion.Methods Five hundred and seven patients with a total of 675 breast nodules were detected using ABVS and VTIQ technique.Of them,coronal plane imaging,SWVmax,SWVmin,and SWVmean (in m/s) for each nodule was acquired three days before operation or core needle biopsy.According to pathological results,the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the utility of the ABVS alone (retraction phenomenon on coronal plane),VTIQ alone and their combination in the diagnosis of breast lesions.Results Among all nodules,504 lesions were benign,and 171 were malignant.The rate of retraction phenomenon on coronal plane in malignant lesions was significantly higher than that in benign lesions (x2=279.89,P ＜ 0.001).The value of SWVmax,SWVmin,SWVmean (6.79± 1.71 m/s,5.03 ± 1.24 m/s,5.74± 1.36 m/s) in malignant nodules were higher than that of benign nodules [(3.41 ±1.51) m/s,(2.46± 0.87) m/s,(2.65 ± 1.23) m/s],the differences were statistically significant (t=32.43,33.85,26.77,all P ＜ 0.001).The AUC of malignant nodules for SWV (maximum,minimum,and average) were 0.922,0.934 and 0.937,respectively.With cut-off value of 4.045 m/s,SWVmean showed the best diagnostic performance.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the retraction phenomenon on coronal plane,SWVmean and their combination in diagnosing malignant breast lesion were (39.65％,94.39％,95.78％),(97.50％,94.39％,95.53％) and (82.84％,93.51％,94.25％),respectively.And the SWVmean showed significant higher sensitivity than that of retraction phenomenon.The diagnostic capacity significantly improved when the two approaches were combined.Conclusion Both the retraction phenomenon on coronal plane and VTIQ had high diagnostic value,combining the two methods can improve the differential diagnosis ability for breast lesions.

CT scans were performed using an intervention analysis of Iohexol Injection adverse reactions / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To explore the nursing intervention of adverse reactions of Iohexol Injection using CT scanning. Methods According to the different nursing intervention mode of patients in our hospital in January January 2015 to January 2017 performed CT scanning using the Iohexol Injection group in 50 cases as control group with routine nursing intervention, the observation group used routine nursing quality nursing intervention;adverse reaction a detailed record of the two groups of patients, and the incidence of adverse reactions compared to investigate the effect of nursing intervention of adverse reactions using the Iohexol Injection CT scan. Results Routine nursing quality nursing intervention (observation group) is better than the clinical effect of CT scanning using Iohexol Injection in patients with routine nursing intervention (control group) clinical the effect and adverse reaction rates in patients with lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion CT scan. With Iohexol Injection patients regular nursing care, high quality nursing mode intervention effect is remarkable, can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in patients, it is worthy of clinical widely used.

Mechanism of anti-tumor effect of dihydroartemisinin / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA),the major active metabolite of artemisinin,participates in tumor progression through the following ways:forming free radicals to induce cancer cells death dependent on iron,inducing apoptosis,inhibiting angiogenesis,tumor cells invasion and metastasis,modulating muhidrug resistance,controlling intracellular Ca2+ concentration,regulating cell cycles,cell autophagy and the immune system and so on.Generally,it is considered to be a potential anti-tumor drug.

Effect of aerobics exercise on myocardial fibrosis after acute myocardial infarction in rat / 中国医师杂志

Objective To observe the effect of aerobics exercise on myocardial fibrosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rat.Methods Twenty-four AMI Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to sham-operated group (Sham),AMI group and aerobics exercise treatment group (ET).Except Sham,other groups of rats were underwent anterior wall myocardial infarction.After ten weeks,the myocardial mRNA level of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF),collagen Ⅰ (COL1 a1),collagen Ⅲ (COL3a1) detected by real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and myocardial collagen volume fraction (CVF) was determined on Masson stained sections.Results Campared to Sham-operated group,AMI group the level of CTGF,COL1a1,COL3a1,and CVF were increased (P ＜0.05,P ＜ 0.01).Campared to AMI and ET groups,the levels of CTGF,COL1a1,COL3a1,and CVF were decreased (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Aerobics exercise can reduced the myocardial fibrosis after AMI in rat.

Construction and screening of RPL23-siRNA interference fragments / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Ob jective To construct and screen out the RPL 23-siRNA interference fragments ,providing the basis for the following experiments about the correlation with RPL 23 and gastric cancer .Methods The RPL23-siRNA,synthesized chemically through lipofection ,were selected from three target sequences by RNA in-terference and detected by real -time PCR and Western blot .Results Compared with normal cell group and RPL23 control group ,the mRNA and protein expression of RPL 23 in the other 3 interference groups were signifi-cantly decreased(P<0.01).Multiple comparisons showed that the interference efficiency of RPL 23 -siRNA1 group was significantly higher than that of RPL 23-siRNA2 group and RPL23-siRNA3 group(P<0.01).Con-clusion The RPL23-siRNA interference fragment can be successfully constructed and screened out ,which pro-vides the basis for the following experiments .

Protective effect of trimetazidine on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats / 中国医师杂志

Objeetive To investigate protective effect of trimetazidine on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) in rats.Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into MIRI group (n =10 rats),trimetazidine high-dosage group (n =10 rats; 20 mg/kg),trimetazidine low-dosage group (n=10 rats; 10 mg/kg),and the normal control group (n =10 rats).After MIRI,hemodynamic changes were observed,the concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α was determined,and the cardiac muscle histology under the microscope was observed.Results Hemodynamic studies:Compared to the indices LVSP(198 ±35.5) mmHg,LVEDP (17 ±9.18) mmHg,+ dp/dt max (11050 ± 1517.4) mmHg/s,and-dp/dtmax (9175± 1900) mmHg/s] in the sham-operated group,the indices [LVSP (143 ± 24.5) mmHg,LVEDP (37.5 ±7.16)mmHg,+ dp/dtmax (7450 ± 1755.1) mmHg/s,and-dp/dtmax (6075 ± 1641) Hg/S] in the MIRI group,the indices [LVSP (154.5 ± 31.1) mmHg,LVEDP (31.3 ± 12.6) mmHg,± dp/dtmax (8527.7 ±2251.5) mmHg/s,and-dp/dtmax (6694 ± 2242.2) mmHg/s] in the trimetazidine low-dosage (10 mg/kg)group,the indices[LVSP (168.3 ± 17.6) mmHg,LVEDP (28 ± 10.05) mmHg,+ dp/dtmax (9213.6 ±1747) mmHg/s,and-dp/dtmax (7568 ± 1462.4) mmHg/s] in the trimetazidine high-dosage (20 mg/kg)group,left ventricular remodeling end diastolic pressure (LVEDP),left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP),and left ventricular pressure maxial rate of rise and fall (± dp/dtmax) were significantly decreased.Compared to the MIRI group,LVSP and ± dp/dtmax in the trimetazidine high-dosage (20 mg/kg)group were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01),and myocardial damage of MIRI group was more severe in microscope.Compared to the sham-operated group [IL-6 (2556.5 ± 662.9) ng/ml,and TNF-α (134 ± 73.7)ng/ml],the corresponding indices [IL-6 (3664.0 ± 995.7) ng/ml,and TNF-α (443 ± 22.1) ng/ml] in the MIRI group,[IL-6 (3692.8 1545.2) ng/ml,and TNF-α (295 ± 24.2) ng/ml] in the trimetazidiue low-dosage (10 mg/kg) group,and[IL-6(2654.8 ±681.7) ng/ml,and TNF-α(230 ±7.8) ng/ml]in the trimetazidine high-dosage (20 mg/kg) group,the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased.Compared to the MIRI group,the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased in the trimetazidine high-dosage (20 mg/kg) group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The high-dosage (20 mg/kg) of trimetazidine had a protective effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Quality standard for Qidan Granules / 中成药

AIM: To establish the quality standard for Qidan Granules(Radix et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae,Radix Astragali,Myrrha,Rhizoma Curcumae;Faeces Togopteri). METHODS: Myrrh,Rhizoma Curcumae and Faeces Trogopteri in Qidan Granules were identified by TLC.The content of tanshinone Ⅱ_A was determined by HPLC.The astragaloside content was determined by HPLC-ELSD. RESULTS: Myrrh,Rhizoma Curcumae and Faeces Trogopteri could be identified by TLC.There was a good linear relationship between the peak area and quantity of tanshinone Ⅱ_A at the range of 2.98-953.6 ng,r=0.999 9,and the recovery was 100.6%,RSD was(0.5%.) Also,there was a good natural logarithm linear relationship between the peak area and quantity of astragaloside at the range of 2.05-40.92 ?g,r=0.999 8,and the recovery was 102.0%,RSD was 1.8%.(CONCLUSION:) The method can be used to set up the quality standard for Qidan Granules.