The value of point-of-care ultrasonography for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical value of point-of-care ultrasonography(PoCUS) in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism(PE).Methods:Consecutive 196 patients suspected of acute PE were enrolled in East Branch, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2017 to November 2017. All the patients were categorized into no PE group( n=143) and PE group( n=53) based on CTPA results. PoCUS was performed and considered diagnostic for PE if one or more right ventricular dysfunction (right ventricular dilation, right ventricular free wall hypokinesia, increased tricuspid regurgitation velocity or decreased tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion), deep venous thrombosis(DVT) or subpleural infarcts were detected. Results:With CTPA as the gold standard for diagnosis, the sensitivity (94.34%), Youden index (0.531) and the area under the ROC curve(AUC) (0.765) of the combined diagnosis of PE by transthoracic echocardiography(TTE), lower limb vein compression ultrasonography(CUS) and lung ultrasonography (LUS) were the highest. The specificity (94.41%) and accuracy (81.63%) of LUS in the diagnosis of PE were the highest, and the misdiagnosis rate (5.59%) of LUS the lowest. The sensitivity of the combined triple PoCUS (TTE, CUS, and LUS) diagnosis of PE was higher than TTE and CUS combined diagnosis ( P=0.016), and the sensitivity and specificity were higher than TTE and CUS combined diagnosis as a whole ( P<0.005). Conclusions:The combined triple PoCUS (TTE, CUS, and LUS) has the highest accuracy in the diagnosis of PE, while LUS has a high specificity and a low misdiagnosis rate in the diagnosis of PE. Therefore, it is recommended to apply the combined triple PoCUS in clinical practice.

The clinical value of color Doppler ultrasound combined with vascular enhancement technology in the diagnosis of iliac vein compression syndrome / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of color Doppler ultrasound(CDUS) combined with vascular enhancement technology(VET) in diagnosis of iliac vein compression syndrome(IVCS).Methods:From Jan 2016 to Oct 2018, 252 patients with the lower extremities chronic venous diseases(CVD) were selected in the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University. The ipsilateral iliac veins of the affected limbs were examined by CDUS, VET and the combined diagnosis of IVCS before X-Ray venography(XRV). Iliac vein diameter stenosis ratio(DSR)>50% in transverse section was the criterion of ultrasound diagnosis of IVCS. The stenosis site of iliac vein and indirect signs of IVCS, such as presence of collateral circulation and the retrograde flow of internal iliac vein were recorded. The cases, which had the same results in CDUS, VET and both and XRV, were divided into IVCS group and non-IVCS group. The results of XRV were taken as the gold standard, the diagnostic efficiency of the above 3 methods in diagnosis of IVCS was calculated. The cases identically diagnosed by the most effective ultrasonic method and XRV were divided into DVT group and non-DVT group according to the deep vein thrombosis in lower limbs. In the non-DVT group, there were five groups of C2-C6 on the basis of the CEAP clinical grades of CVD in lower extremity. The relationship between IVCS and different CEAP clinical grades were analyzed. The locations of common iliac vein stenosis and collateral circulation formation and internal iliac vein reverse flow were evaluated for the diagnosis of the IVCS.Results:①XRV diagnosis of IVCS was used as the gold standard. Compared with CDUS and VET alone, the sensitivity and specificity of CDUS combined with VET was the highest(all P<0.05). ②The distribution of DVT and non-DVT was significantly different in IVCS group and non-IVCS group diagnosed by the CDUS combined with VET(χ 2=145.0, P<0.001). ③In the non-DVT group, statistically significant differences of grades C3 and C5 were found between IVCS group and non-IVCS group(all P<0.05), while the differences of grades C2, C4 and C6 were non-significant(all P>0.05). ④For the proportion of the iliac vein stenosis sites, the prevalence of the primary section of left common iliac vein was much higher than those of the primary section of right common iliac vein and the middle-distal sections of bilateral common iliac veins(all P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between the middle-distal section of bilateral common iliac veins, and nor was bilateral junction area between external iliac vein and common femoral vein(all P>0.05). ⑤In IVCS group, which had the same results of CDUS combined with VET and XRV, there were statistical differences in the positive rate of collateral circulation and the retrograde flow of internal iliac vein(χ 2=6.717, P=0.010), and the former is higher than the latter. Conclusions:CDUS combined with VET has a higher diagnostic efficiency for IVCS than VET or CDUS alone. The presence of IVCS is closely related to DVT of lower extremities, but not related to clinical class of CEAP. The most common site of IVCS is the initial segment of the left common iliac vein. The presence of collateral circulation can be used as indirect indicators for the diagnosis of IVCS.

Illustration of the characteristics and enlightenments of the development of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital of CACMS / 中国针灸

The issue on the acupuncture clinical service mode has been early proposed by the scholars. The acupuncture clinical service mode is still existed as the department of acupuncture in TCM hospital nowadays. But this pattern has brought the inconvenience and issues between physicians and patients. In the study, through reviewing briefly the history of acupuncture hospital since the foundation of the People's Republic of China, the authors explained why taking the Hospital of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS) as the object. By integrating the relevant achievements of the scholars on the study of acupuncture hospital, the historical development of acupuncture-moxibustion hospital was reviewed. By comparing with the development mode of TCM hospital, the differences were generalized between the two hospitals in terms of the purpose of hospital establishment, the development mode of treatment, education and research, modernization mode, the relationship with western medicine and the hospital scale. It was analyzed by the authors that the development characteristics of acupuncture-moxibustion hospital were determined by the accidental and the inevitable factors. By the comprehensive analysis, the enlightenments to the future development of acupuncture-moxibustion hospital were explored.

Characteristics of homocysteine in patients with Coronary Heart Disease and the effect of folic acid on its intervention / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the characteristics of homocysteine in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and the intervention effect of folic acid.Methods90 patients with coronary heart disease form internal medicine-cardiovascular department in the third affiliated Liwan hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from December 2015 to December 2016 as the study group.They were randomly divided into group A and group B, 45 patients in each group.The group A received routine treatment and Group B on the basis of conventional treatment plus folic acid.Another 90 healthy people who came to our hospital during the same period were selected as control group.The plasma homocysteine level of study group and control group were compared and plasma homocysteine level and angina status(frequency and duration of disease) of A and B group were compared before and after treatment.ResultsThe plasma homocysteine level of study group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).After treatment, plasma homocysteine level,frequency and duration of disease of two groups were better than that of before treatment and B group was lower than that of A group(P<0.05).ConclusionThe results of plasma homocysteine levels can be used as an important basis for the clinical diagnosis of coronary heart disease and to determine its efficacy.

Application of atherogenic index of plasma and intima-media thickness of carotid artery in renal arteriolar sclerosis patients with chronic renal failure / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective To evaluate the application of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and intima-media thickness of carotid artery (CA-IMT) in renal arteriolar sclerosis patients with chronic renal failure.Methods One hundred and twenty nine patients with chronic renal failure patients underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy from October 2013 to June 2014,the biopsy results showed that renal arteriolar sclerosis was identified in 72 patients (atherosclerosis group) and no renal arterioles sclerosis was detected in 57 patients (non-atherosclerosis group);71 healthy adults were enrolled in the study as controls.The age,height,body weight,systolic and diastolic blood pressure,the indexes of blood lipid and renal function were documented and compared among three groups.The correlation of AIP and CBMmax of common carotid artery and carotid bifurcation with blood lipid level and renal function was analyzed.Results There was significant difference in body weight among patients with atherosclerosis [(70.77 ± 14.27) kg],without atherosclerosis [(60.63 ± 12.12) kg] and the controls [(64.20 ± 8.13) kg] (t =3.071,3.391,all P ＜ 0.05).The TG [(2.43 ± 1.61) mmol/L vs.(1.02 ± 0.37) mmol/L],TC [(7.40 ± 8.80) mmol/L vs.(4.53 ±0.67)mmol/L],LDL-C[(4.40 ±2.13) mmol/L vs.(2.85 ±0.70) mmol/L],AlP[(0.15 ± 0.351) vs.(-0.127 ± 0.184)] of the atherosclerosis group were higher than those of control group (t =5.975,2.252,2.614,-5.467,all P ＜ 0.05).The HDL-C of atherosclerosis group was lower than that of control group [(0.78 ±0.16) mmol/L vs.(1.29 ±0.21) mmol/L,t =4.750,P ＜0.05].The Scr[(117.24 ± 94.27) mmol/L vs.(64.16 ± 13.42) mmol/L],BUN [(6.73 ± 3.58) mmol/L vs.(4.66 ± 1.08) mmol/L] of the atherosclerosis group were higher,and the GFR was lower [(65.60 ±23.00)ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 vs.(124.78 ± 24.35)ml · min-1l.73 m-2,t =5.118] than those of control group (t =4.730,4.702).The Scr of the atherosclerosis group was higher,and the GFR was lower [(65.60 ± 23.00) ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 vs.(95.60±53.00)ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2,t =3.514] than those of the non-atherosclerosis group [(117.24 ± 94.27) mmol/L vs.(71.35 ± 42.18) mmol/L,t =3.690].There were positive correlation between TG and LDL-C (r =0.828,0.323,P ＜ 0.05) and negative correlation between AIP and HDL-C (r =-0.489,P ＜0.05).There was positive correlation of CBMmax with Scr,BUN and AIP (r =0.394,0.289,0.528,all P ＜ 0.05),and negative correlation between CBMmax and GFR (r =-0.277,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Body weight,GFR,AIP and CBMmax are useful indicators in evaluation of renal arteriolar sclerosis in patients with chronic renal failure.AIP is a sensitive index for abnormal blood lipid level.AIP and CBMmax are important risk factors in chronic renal failure patients with renal arteriolar sclerosis.

Inhibitory effect of electro-acunpunture at Zusanli point on flammatory factors of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions / 军事医学

Objective To observe the inhibitive effect of electro-acupuncture (EA)at Zusanli points (ST36)on inflammatory mediators of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions and study the relationship between EA and cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (each =8):Group A (control),Group B(abdominal adhesions model),Group C (abdominal adhesions plus EA),Group D(sham acu-point control),Group E (abdominal adhesions plus α-bungarotoxin )and Group F (abdominal adhesions plus EA after α-bungarotoxin).Animal models of abdominal adhesion were produced by Chiang’s path.Bilateral Zusanli points (ST36) and shame acupoints were electro-acupunctured at a constant voltage for 1 hour while rats were awake.The ɑ-BGT(1 μg/kg)was injected into the abdominal cavity after surgery.All the rats were sacrificed on the 3rd day,and the levels of inflammatory mediators (TNF-ɑ,NO and NOS)in tissues were evaluated.Results Three days after surgery,the damaged cecum of abdominal adhesion groups developed obvious edema that did not adhere with other tissues.Compared with sham control,the abdominal adhesion resulted in significant elevation of inflammatory mediators (TNF-ɑ,NO and NOS).EA at Zusanli points obviously lowered the elevated levels of inflammatory mediators (P <0.01 and P <0.05).EA at Zusanli points following the injection of ɑ-BGT showed less anti-inflammatory effect(P <0.01).Conclusion EA at Zusanli points significantly lowers the elevated levels of inflammatory mediators after abdominal adhesion challenge.The activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway might be one of the mechanisms by which Zusanli points exert anti-inflammatory effects.

Human urine-derived stem cell transplantation for the treatment of chronic kidney disease in rats / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Urine-derived stem cels are most likely to come from the kidney tissue, and therefore, these cels are more adaptable to kidney microenvironment, providing a new option for the treatment of kidney diseases. OBJECTIVE: To explore the therapeutic efficacy of human urine-derived stem cels on chronic nephropathy rats. METHODS:The fresh urine samples of healthy people were colected, and then human urine-derived stem cels were extracted and cultured in vitro. Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were used to prepare chronic nephropathy models, and given injection of human urine-derived stem cel suspension (experimental) or normal saline (control) into the renal cortex, respectively. Another 10 healthy rats were used as controls. Therapeutic effects on renal function were assessed by detection of serum creatinine level and glomerular filtration rate in the three groups. The kidney tissues of rats were taken and observed histomorphologicaly in each group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Human urine-derived stem cels were found to remarkable improve rat’s renal function as wel as reduce the histomorphological changes in the kidney tissues of rats. Compared with the control group, the serum creatinine level was decreased while the glomerular filtration rate was increased significantly in the experimental group; CD68 expression and infiltration of interstitial inflammatory cels were also markedly reduced in the experimental group. To conclude, human urine-derived stem cels can improve the renal function of chronic nephropathy rats.

ZHU Lian's New Acupuncture Academic System and acupuncture science initialization / 中国针灸

Acupuncture scientization was a consensus of most of acupuncture scholars who had long-term perspectives in the 20th century, among them Ms. ZHULian was the important one. Ms. ZHU Lian built a systemic new acupuncture" academic structure in practice and theory aspects. At the same time, as the main architect of Institute of Acupuncture-moxibustion of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ms. ZHU Lian was the first one who began to carry out the acupuncture clinical trail and laboratory experiment in modern way, which meant "acupuncture therapy" was transformed into "acupuncture science" by Ms. ZHULian's endeavor.

Zhu Lian's characteristics and experiences in clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

This paper aims at discussing the clinical characteristics and experiences of ZHU Lian, the renowned contemporary acupuncture master from the following three aspects: "characteristics of clinical manipulations and techniques", "thoughts on diagnosis and treatment" and "examples of clinical cases". The study has shown that ZHU Lian invented the slow insertion technique by rotating needle and the embedding needle technique, improved moxibustion technique with moxa roll and proposed the three keys on the treatment with acupuncture and moxibustion, as well as discovered new acupoints for treatment. The pioneering and distinguished achievements she con tributed play the great demonstrating and driving role in the development of clinical study and practice of acupuncture and moxibustion.

Modified ( narrowed ) gastric tube and establishment of enteral feeding pathway in surgery of esophageal carcinoma (esophagectomy) / 中华临床营养杂志

ObjectiveTo describe the modified (narrowed) gastric tube and two methods on the establishmentof enteral feeding pathway in esophagectomy.MethodsFrom July 2003 to April 2006,we made traditional gastric tube for patients underwent esophagectomy to substitute the dissected esophagus while from May 2006 to November 2009,we made modified gastric tube for the same purpose.From July 2003 to November 2009,enteral nutrition tubes for all these patients are placed intraoperatively by two different ways,which made early post-operative nutrition support possible for these patients.ResultsNo perioperative death occurred among the patients.The length of the modified gastric tube ensured the anastomosis by circular stapler at the apex thorax or in the bases of cervical region.No statistical differences were found between the two group in terms of survival rate.The intraoperative establishment of enteral nutrition pathway ensured the early enteral nutrition support after the operation.ConclusionThe utility of the modified gastric tube extends the length of gastric tube to make mechanical anastomose easier and safer; meanwhile,the intraoperative establishment of enteral nutrition pathway ensures the early enteral nutrition support after the operation.

Risk factors of morbidity after pulmonary resection for lung cancer in patients older than 70 years / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective This study is to analyse the clinical feature and risk factors of morbidity after pulmonary resection for lung cancer in patients older than 70 years. Methods The clinical records of 222 patients older than 70 years who had undergone pulmonary resection for their lung cancer was reviewed. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group Ⅰ including the patients who had severe postoperative complications, group Ⅱ including the patients who had mild complications and group Ⅲ including the patients who had no complications. Moreover, the definitions were made that group A1 = group Ⅰ+ Ⅱ , group B1 = group Ⅲ, group A2 = group Ⅰ and group B2 = group Ⅱ + Ⅲ. Univariate analyses and multivariate binary logistic regressions relating postoperative morbidity to risk factors were performed between the group Al and Bl, A2 and B2, resulting in the identification of the independent risk factors for overall morbidity and major morbidity. Results Preoperative comorbidity was recorded in 161 patients (72.5%). Lobectomy (64.9% ) was the predominant surgical procedure. The median number of dissected LN was 14, with the range of 0 to 57. The overall morbidity was 63.5% , including major morbidity of 13.5%. Perioperative mortality was 1.8% (4 cases). The results of binary logistic regression analyses indicated that the independent risk factors for overall morbidity were preoperative weight loss (P =0.020), ASA score (P＜0.001), MVV (% predicted) (P=0. 020 ) and the number of dissected LN ( P = 0.004 ). The independent risk factors for major morbidity were ASA score ( P =0.003), MVV (% predicted) (P= 0.018) and the location of tumor (P=0.007). Conclusion Preoperative weight loss and numbers of dissected mediastinal lymph nodes were risk factor for lung cancer patients older than 70 years, Proper perioperative management for the elderly patients with high ASA score, low MVV (% predicted) or central tumor, could reduce the major postoperative morbidity.

Effects of oral rehydration on tissue perfusion, organ function and survival rate in rats with 40% blood volume loss hemorrhagic shock / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of oral glucose-electrolyte solution (GES) on resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock induced by 40% blood volume loss in rats. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into three groups; oral GES without hemorrhagic shock (GES group, n = 16) , hemorrhage shock without fluid resuscitation (HS group, n = 20) and hemorrhagic shock resuscitated with oral GES (HS + GES group, n = 20). About 40% of total blood volume was bled from carotid artery of rats to produce a model of hemorrhagic shock. GES with a volume of three times of blood loss was given three times intragastrically at 0.5, 1 and 6 hours after hemorrhage. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured constantly. Blood flow in liver, kidney, stomach and small intestines, and parameters like hemato-crit, plasma osmotic pressure, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , creatinine (Cr) and diamine oxidase (DAO) were determined 24 hours after hemorrhage. Survival rates of the rats in three groups were calculated 24 hours after hemorrhage. Results MAPs of HS + GES group were 9. 7% and 10. 9% higher than those of HS group 4 and 24 hours after hemorrhage (P < 0. 05). The blood flow of liver, stomach and small intestines in HS + GES group were 18.6% , 88.4% and 22.0% respectively, higher than those in HS group(P <0.05 or P <0.01) 24 hours after hemorrhage. The hematocrit level of HS + GES group was significantly lower than that of HS group, while the levels of ALT, Cr and DAO in HS + GES group were significantly lower than those in HS group (P <0.01). The survival rate of rats in HS + GES group was 80% , which was significantly higher than 30% in HS group (P <0.01). Conclusions Oral rehydration can significantly improve MAP and tissue perfusion, maintain blood volume and plasma osmotic pressure, alleviate organ damage and hence promote the survival rates of rats with hemorrhagic shock.

Analysis on the Key Factors Affecting the Inharitance of the Acupuncture Learning / 针刺研究

On the basis of systematicly reviewing the developmental history of acupuncture and moxibustion and profoundly understanding its academic connotations,the authors of the present article make a summary and analysis on the key factors influencing the development of acupuncturology. These key factors are 1) the emergence of "microacupuncture needle regulating-Qi" and the establishement of their corresponding theory system,2) a large number of practitioners who inherited the learnings of acupuncturology generations by generations,and abundant medical classical works which recorded the valuable academic thoughts and clinical experience of the predecesors,3) the application of acupuncture charts and manikins,and 4) modernizing changes of acupuncture learnings after introduction of western medicine to China. Just under the influence of these key factors,the acupuncture medicine separates itself from the level of the simple experience medicine,and has formed a set of special theory system and developed into a mature subject.

Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on R0 resection rate of esophageal carcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the possibility of increasing R0 resection rate in esophageal carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods 30 patients underwent operation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy mainly by paclitaxel combined with cis-platinum, including 18 squamous carcinoma cases. 10 adenocarcinoma cases and 2 small cell carcinoma cases.Results In these 30 patients,the overall effective rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is 56.7%(17/30)(CR+PR),R0 resection rate is 100%,and the incidence rate of anastomotic leakage is 3.3%(1/30),without perioperative death.Conclusion The neoadjuvant chemotherapv is significant in improving the R0 resection rate in esophageal carcinoma,and the impact of long-term survival after surgery needs further follow-up.

Effect of electro-acupuncture at Zusanli point on tumor necrosis factor-α induced-multiple organ dysfunction in rats with sepsis / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To investigate the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) at Zusanli (ST36) on proinflammatory factors induced-multiple organ dysfunction in rats with sepsis. METHODS: Sixty four male Wastar rats were used to develop the sepsis model by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=16 in each group): CLP+EA (CLP/EA), CLP+sham EA (CLP/SEA), vagotomy+ CLP+SEA (VA/CLP/SEA) and vagotomy+CLP+EA (VA/CLP/EA). Zusanli point (ST36) was electroacupunctured with constant voltage (2-100 Hz, 2 mA for 0.5 h) 20 min after CLP surgery. Bilateral cervical vagotomies were performed in rats in VA/CL/SEA and VA/CLP/EA groups. Twelve hours after CLP, animals were sacrificed and liver, kidney and jejunum were harvested for evaluating the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and diamine oxidase (DAO). The rate of water content (WCR) of the organs was determined. At the same time, the plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatinine (Cr) in each group were also detected. RESULTS: The levels of ALT and Cr in plasma, as well as TNF-α, MPO and WCR in organ tissues were markedly lower, and the activity of DAO in jejunum tissue was obviously higher than that in CLP/SEA group at 12 h after CLP (all P<0.05). The levels of ALT, Cr, TNF-α, MPO and WCR in VA/CLP/SEA group and VA/CLP/EA group were significantly higher, the activity of DAO was obviously lower than that in CLP/SEA group (all P<0.05). No statistical difference in all above measurements between VA/CLP/EA group and VA/CLP/SEA) group was observed (all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that EA at Zusanli point obviously decreases the levels of TNF-α in liver, kidney and jejunum tissues after CLP, and alleviates the tissue edema and dysfunction of those organs. Vagotomy decreases or eliminates the effects of EA, suggesting that activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway is one of the main mechanisms to induce the effects of EA at ST36 on CLP sepsis.

A comparison of different surgical approaches for the treatment of thoracic middle/lower segment esophageal cancer / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective Surgical approech differs between China and western countries in the treatment of middle/lower aegment thoracic esophageal cancer. This study was designed to compare the effects of different surgical modalities on traumatic reaction, heal-ing process and lymph node dissection.Methods Fifty-nine petients,diagnosed with middle/lower segment of thoracic esophageal cancer, were enlisted and had undergone curative RO esophagectomy.The patients were categorized based on different approaches as the following three groups:group of Ivor-Lewis operation,group of McKeown operation and group of esophagectomy through left tran-sthoracic approach.Clinical data was summarized and malyzed.Results (1)No surgical death was reported in this study.(2)There were no statistical difference among the three groups in tenms of postoperative hospital stay,diration of systemic inflammatory re-sponse syndrome and total body fluid loes (P=0.287,0.641,0.355).(3) The number of total lymph nodes harvested from the above three groups was 22.5(11-39),26(14-56).and 17(7-44)(P=0.005),respectively.The number of abdominal lymph nodes harvested from the above three groups was 10(5-26),12(4-32),and 8(3-19)(P=0.021),respectively.No statistical difference was found to the number of thoracic lymph nodes among three groups.(4)Lymph node metastasis occurred most frequently in the station of pericardial lymph nodes,followed by middle thoracic paraesophageal nodes along the left gastric ar-tery.The range of metastasized lymph nodes dissected through left transthoracic approach was much limited compated with right tran-sthoracic approach.Conchuslon The was no difference between left and right transthoracic approach in terms of surgical trauma and overall rehabilitation.The number of lymph nodes harvested from right transthoracic approach surpassed that from the left approach, which might be due to the extent of abdoominal lymphadenectomy.Considering wide range of lymph node metastasis,We recommedn a more extended lymph node dissection for middle/lower segment of thoracic esophageal cancer for the purpose of better local control control and survival benefit.

Expression of PEDF mRNA in non-small cell lung cancer by real-time PCR method / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>SYBR Green I is a non-probe real-time PCR method. It is quite convenient and its specificity is good. The aim of this study is to establish a quantitative SYBR Green I real-time PCR method for detection of PEDF gene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to investigate the relationship between PEDF mRNA expression and the clinicopathological characteristics.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The target segments of PEDF and GAPDH proliferated by RT-PCR were diluted and used as the standard templates. PEDF mRNA was detected in 21 NSCLC tissues and matched paracancerous pulmonary tissues by relative quantitative method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the lung cancer tissues and the matched paracancerous pulmonary tissues had expression of PEDF mRNA. The relative level of PEDF mRNA expression was 0.5505±0.3590 (0.11-1.11) in the lung cancer tissues and 0.7219±0.2582 (0.29-1.31) in the matched paracancerous pulmonary tissues respectively (P=0.024). PEDF expression was significantly related to TNM stages (I-II vs III-IV, P=0.010) and the tumor size (T1 vs T2-4, P=0.007).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The established SYBR Green I quantitative real-time PCR method can successfully detect the expression of PEDF mRNA. The primary results show that PEDF may be a protective factor in oncogenesis and development of NSCLC.</p>

Inhibitory effects of antisense oligonucleotides targeting connective tissue growth factor mRNA on the proliferation and collagen synthesis of cardiac fibroblasts / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To observe the effect of AngⅡ on the ex pression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in cultured cardiac fibroblas t (CFs), the antisense oligonucleotides (ASOND) was used to investigate whether CTGF is necessary for the proliferation and collagen synthesis of CFs. METHODS: CFs of SD rats were isolated and cultured. The proliferation and collagen synthesis of CFs were a ssessed by MTT assay and measuring hydroxyproline, respectively. The expression of CTGF mRNA and protein were detected by reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS: AngⅡ could significantly increase the expression of CT GF both at mRNA and protein level in a dose and time-dependent manner (P0.05). CONCLUSION: It indicates that CTGF is involved in the process of myocardial fibrosis induced by AngⅡ, which may be a target for the treatment o f cardiac fibrosis.