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Objective@#To describe the status quo of overweight and obesity among children aged 3 to 5 in Beijing and Tokyo, and to explore its relationship with lifestyle.@*Methods@#Using the method of cluster stratified random sampling, a sample of 444 children aged 3-5 years from Beijing and Tokyo were selected in Oct. and Nov. of 2019. Height, weight and lifestyle were measured. Overweight and obesity among children in the two cities and its relationship with lifestyle were compared and analyzed.@*Results@#Average level of BMI, rate of overweight and obesity of children in Beijing(25.28%) were higher than those in Tokyo( 18.44 %). There were significant differences in overweight and obesity rates between children in Beijing and Tokyo with physical activity before breakfast( χ 2=29.14, 31.18, P <0.05). There were significant differences in overweight and obesity rates between children in Beijing and Tokyo with different snack frequency after dinner( χ 2=24.72, 21.93, P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis further showed that children s lack of physical activity before breakfast in Beijing is positively related to overweight and obesity( OR= 1.45, 95%CI =1.10-2.68). Beijing children who often eat snacks after supper ( OR=2.56, 95%CI =1.44-3.57,) and sometimes eat snacks were positively correlated with the occurrence of overweight or obesity ( OR=1.72, 95%CI =1.21-2.72).@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of overweight and obesity among preschool children in Beijing is higher than that in Tokyo. Potential risk factors for overweight and obesity among infants in Beijing include lack of physical activity before breakfast and frequent snacking after dinner.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of Hydroxy Safflor yellow A (HSYA) on the growth of blood vessel of transplantation tumor of gastric adenocarcinoma cell line BGC-823 in nude mice and its underlying mechanism of antagonizing tumor angiogenesis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The BGC-823 cells was subcutaneouly injected into the right anterior armpit of BALB/C nu/nu nude mice and established the animal model of transplantation tumor. Then nude mice were divided into 4 groups at random: model group, control group, high or low dosage of HSYA group. The model group were treated with normal sodium by intraperitoneal injection, HSYA groups were treated with HSYA at concentration of 0.056 g x L(-1) and 0.028 g x L(-1) by intraperitoneal injection, and in these groups each mouse was injected 2 times everyday with 0.2 mL by 4-6 hours interval. The control group were injected in enterocoelia 1 times every 2 days starting from the third day with cytoxan at 2 g x L(-1). 20 days later, the volume and weight of nude mice were observed. The pathological change of tumor tissue was observed under optical microscope. The mRNA expression of VEGF and bFGF of transplantation tumor were detected by real time quantitative PCR.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The volume (607.42 +/- 252.96) mm3, weight (0.88 +/- 0.14) g of transplantation tumor, the mRNA expression level of VEGF 0.49 +/- 0.13 and bFGF 0.60 +/- 0.48 are reduced significantly after treatment with HSYA at the concentration of 0.028 g x L(-1) compared with physiologic saline-treated group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The tumor pathological angiogenesis of HSYA group is also less obvious than the normal sodium-treated group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HSYA in given concentration can inhibit the growth of BGC-823 transplantation tumor, and decreasing the mRNA expression of VEGF and bFGF, which suggests that inhibiting tumor angiogenesis may be one of the mechanisms of HSYA antagonizing tumor.</p>