Chemical profiling of Qixue Shuangbu Tincture by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight high-definition mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to develop and validate a sensitive and reliable ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) method to separate and identify the chemical constituents of Qixue Shuangbu Tincture (QXSBT), a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription. Under the optimized UPLC and QTOF/MS conditions, 56 components in QXSBT, including chalcones, triterpenoids, protopanaxatriol, flavones and flavanones were identified and tentatively characterized within a running time of 42 min. The components were identified by comparing the retention times, accurate mass, and mass spectrometric fragmentation characteristic ions, and matching empirical molecular formula with that of the published compounds. In conclusion, the established UPLC-QTOF/MS method was reliable for a rapid identification of complicated components in the TCM prescriptions.

Optimization of percolation extraction technology for Qixue Shuangbu Tinctura by Box-Behnken response surface methodology / 中草药

Objective: To optimize the percolation extraction technology for Qixue Shuangbu Tinctura by response surface methodology (RSM). Methods: The single factor experiment combined with Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the extracting technology, with six major characteristic components (ginsenoside Rb1, calycosin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, ferulic acid, stilbene glucoside, paeoniflorin, hesperidin) and extract of Qixue Shuangbu Tinctura as indexes, in order to detect three factors, including the alcohol volume fraction, the dosage of ethanol, and the percolate speed, and optimize the extraction process of Qixue Shuangbu Tinctura. Results: Optimum percolation process was added 10 times of the amount of 48% ethanol with percolation speed of 1.4 mL/min. Conclusion: This optimized extraction technology of Qixue Shuangbu Tinctura is reasonable, stable, and feasible, and with high accuracy, which could be extended to the applications of large-scale production.

Research status and prospect of primary processing of traditional Chinese medicinal materials / 中国中药杂志

The primary processing is important links and closely related to the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and is not only cleaning of remove the non-officinal parts, drying for termination the physiological status of organisms, but also retaining the most active substances, decreasing the toxic components, and promoting the transformation among chemical ingredients through primary processing. So the traditional primary processing endows with characters, quality, specifications and properties of traditional Chinese medicine, and embodies some important science truth. The traditional primary processing method and technology systems are derived from the long-term practices and experiences, which are distinctive, colorful, diverse, and scientific, which are helpful to development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources. This paper systemically expounds the research status of the Chinese medicine processing method, summarizes the problems in the primary processing of traditional Chinese medicinal materials research, and prospects its bright future.

Research status and prospect of Chinese materia medica fingerprint database / 中草药

During the study of modernization of Chinese materia medica (CMM), the fingerprinting technology, as the model of the quality control of CMM, is gradually accepted by the world. But how to realize the fast matching, retrieval, recognition, and identification function of CMM fingerprint data is an urgent problem in the study of fingerprint. Studying and establishing CMM fingerprint database, which helps to speed up the study and application process of CMM fingerprinting technology, provides a favorable platform for the promotion and application of fingerprinting technology. This paper summarized the problems in the CMM fingerprint database research and prospected its bright future.

Perspective and application of metabonomics in modern study of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Metabonomics is a new method to study on the metabolic network and the relationship between body and environment, which conforms to the way of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research. In the study process of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, effectively conjunction with metabonomics method will facilitate the integration of TCM with modern biological science and technology, and promote the modernization of TCM. This paper introduce the application of metabonomics in the research of toxicity mechanism of TCM, compatibility mechanism of TCM formula, pharmacology effect of TCM and processing mechanism of TCM. This paper summarize the problems in the TCM metabonomics research and prospect its bright future.

Comparison of two minimally invasive internal fixed methods for the treatment of distal tibio-fibula fractures / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the outcome of two minimally invasive internal fixed methods for the treatment of distal tibio-fibula fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 50 patients with distal tibio-fibula fractures from March 2006 to March 2009 was analyzed retrospectively. Twenty-eight patients were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous locking compression plate fixing tibia combining elastic stable intramedullary nailing fixing fibular (Group P + E). There were 18 male and 10 female patients with a mean age of (45 ± 6) years. Twenty-two patients were treated with interlocking intramedullary nail fixing tibia combining elastic stable intramedullary nailing fixing fibular (Group N + E). There were 12 male and 10 female patients with a mean age of (43 ± 9) years. The index of peri-operation, pain score at 3 d postoperative, bone union time, the clinical outcomes and complications postoperative were statistically compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no statistical significance on operation time, blood loss perioperative and pain score at 3 d postoperative. Bone union time in Group N + E was significantly longer than in Group P + E [(21.1 ± 3.0) weeks vs. (15.4 ± 2.9) weeks]. Meanwhile, the function of ankle score (44.3 ± 1.7 vs. 41.8 ± 2.5) and the line of foot score (8.6 ± 2.3 vs. 6.8 ± 3.6) in Group P + E were respectively significantly higher than that in Group N + E. However, there were no statistical difference on ankle pain, buckling add stretch restricted, turn inward add evaginate restricted and the rate of good and fair between the two groups. There were 3 cases of complications postoperation in Group P + E, significantly less than the 8 cases of Group N + E.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Minimally invasive percutaneous locking compression plate fixing tibia combining elastic stable intramedullary nailing fixing fibular shows superiority in treatment of distal tibio-fibula fractures. However, interlocking intramedullary nail fixing tibia combining elastic stable intramedullary nailing fixing fibular has the advantages in worse soft tissue and multi-step tibio-fibula fractures.</p>

Comparison of the biomechanical stability of cannulated screw and reconstruction plate for the fixation of symphysis pubis diastasis / 医用生物力学

Objective To test the biomechanical properties of symphysis pubis diastasis fixed by cannulated screw or reconstruction plate and provide the theoretical basis for clinical practice. Method In the experiment, fifteen normal adult specimens’ pelvis along with their intact spines from L5 to the proximal 2/3 of both femora were randomly divided into three groups. The symphysis pubis, unilateral anterior sacroiliac joint and ipsilateral sacropinous and sacrotuberous ligaments were cut; the intact major pelvic ligaments and hip joints were used to simulate Tile B1 pelvic fracture model. The fixation of five hole reconstruction plate and 6.5 mm cannulated screw were applied successively to cure symphysis pubis diastasis.The pelves were loaded vertically in the testing machine with a standing posture. The loads were applied through the L5 body to a maximum of approximately 400 N, while the displacements of the symphysis pubis were recorded. Results The study showed that two fixations were able to reduce symphysis pubis gapping and restore the biomechanical stability of pelves. Under the same condition，the displacement of symphysis pubis used 3.5 mm five hole reconstruction plate with 4 cortical screws, and the displacement by using cannulated screw were (0.944±0.983)mm and (-0.03±0.378)mm respectively. There were significant differences (P<0.05) between them. Conclusions The cannulated screw is superior to 3.5 mm five hole screw in biomechanical stability. The cannulated screw has fine biomechanical properties and is able to provide the firm fixation for symphysis pubis diastasis, which fits the principles of biological osteosynthesis.

Surgical treatment of displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus in elderly patients / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical effects of surgical treatment of displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus in elderly patients, and to discuss the operative indications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2000 to December 2007, 24 elderly patients with 26 fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation for a displaced intra-articular fracture of calcaneus, which included 18 feet of 18 males and 8 feet of 6 female, with an average age of 67 years (range, 60 to 75 years). According to Sanders classification based on CT scanning, 13 fractures were rated as type II, 12 as type III and 1 as type IV. Böhler angle and Gissane angle were measured preoperatively and postoperatively and foot function was assessed with Maryland foot score system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-four cases with 26 feet were followed up for an average of 18.4 months (range, 12 to 26 months). Mean Böhler angle was (10.4 +/- 8.2) degrees preoperatively and (27.8 +/- 7.4) degrees postoperatively and mean Gissane angle was (136.5 +/- 10.3) degrees preoperatively and (124.3 +/- 4.2) degrees postoperatively. The difference between preoperative and postoperative values was found with statistically significant (P < 0.05). The results were excellent in 5 feet, good in 16 feet, fair in 4 feet and poor in 1 foot. There were 3 cases of wound necerosis, 2 cases of wound infection, 1 case of sural nerve injury and 6 cases of posttraumatic subtalar arthritis complications.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Good clinical result could be obtained with surgical treatment in elderly patients with displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus. Open reduction appears to be an acceptable method of treatment for displaced calcaneal fractures in elderly patients if they have good general conditions.</p>