Optimization of the Extraction Technology of Volatile Oil from Schizonepeta tenuifolia and Forsythia suspensa / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To establish the method for content determination of volatile oil of Schizonepeta tenuifolia and Forsythia suspensa， and to optimize the extraction technology of the volatile oil. METHODS： The contents of β-pinene and pulegone were determined by GC method. The determination was performed on Hp-5 capillary column. The detector was hydrogen flame ion detector with programmed temperature. The sample size was 0.5 μL， the split ratio was 70 ∶ 1， the carrier gas was nitrogen， the inlet temperature was 250 ℃， the detector temperature was 280 ℃， the air flow rate was 390 mL/min， the hydrogen flow rate was 36 mL/min， the tail flow rate was 15 mL/min， and the nitrogen flow rate was 1 mL/min. Based on single factor test， orthogonal test combined with information entropy method were used to optimize the extraction technology of S. tenuifolia and F. suspensa using soaking time， extraction time， material-liquid ratio and forsythia grain size as factors， with the extraction amount of volatile oil， the content of β-pinene and pulegone and their comprehensive score as indexes.  RESULTS： The linear range of β-pinene and pulegone 1.575-7.875（r＝0.999 9） and 1.892-9.46 μg（r＝0.999 7）， respectively. The limits of quantitation were 0.10 and 0.25 μg； the limits of detection were 0.03 and 0.08 μg； RSDs of precision， stability and reproducibility tests were less than 2％ （n＝6）； the recoveries were 97.77％-100.01％ （RSD＝0.93％，n＝9） and 96.47％-99.00％（RSD＝0.89％， n＝9）. The optimal extraction technology was soaking 2 h， extracting for 6 h， 10-fold water （mL/g）， half a clove of granularity. Under this condition， the extraction amount of volatile oil， the contents of β-pinene and pulegone were 3.6 mL， 1 450.4 mg， 127.6 mg， respectively. RSD were 1.62％， 0.20％， 1.42％. CONCLUSIONS： Established method is simple， accurate and reproducible， and the optimal extraction technology is stable and feasible.

The correlations bte ween xe pres ion of tumora ssociated macrophages and the por gnostic signfi icances in triple negative breastc ancer / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective To explore the significances of expression of tumor associated macrophages ( TAMs) and its correlation with microvessel density ( MVD) in triple negative breast cancer ( TNBC) .Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect TAMs and MVD expression in 108 TNBC tissues and to analyze the cor-relation between TAMs with clinicopathological features ,prognosis and MVD.Results The expression of TAMs was correlated with the tumor size,lymph node metastasis,histological grade,TNM stage and MVD,but had no statistically significant association with age .TAMs was correlated with 5 year disease free survival ( DFS) and over-all survival( OS);MVD was correlated with 5 year DFS, while no correlation with OS .Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that TAMs was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for patients with TNBC .Conclusion High infiltration of TAMs indicated poor survival rate for patients with TNBC .The infiltration of TAMs was a new,important risk factor for TNBC recurrence .TAMs were closely related to MVD ,by promoting tumor angiogen-esis,thereby promoting TNBC growth ,invasion and metastasis ,and further affect the prognosis of patients with TN-BC.

Research progress on recurrence and metastasis factors for node negative breast cancer and its impact on treatment decisions / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Node negative breast cancer is a prevalent form of breast cancer .With the improvement of breast cancer screening and disease awareness ,the rates of node negative breast cancer are gradually increasing . Although node negative breast cancer patients have much lower recurrence rates as compared with node positive patients,node-negative breast cancer is unequal to a low risk disease .Thus,it is important for oncologist to esti-mate the risk factors of node negative disease ,to carry out risk assessment and to guide the best regimen for these patients.In current review ,we discuss the value of traditional prognostic factors and new prognostic factors ,such as the urokinase -type plasminogen activator/plasminogen activator inhibitor 1,oncotype DX,MammaPrint and tumor associated macrophages ,on the predictive and treatment decisions in node negative breast cancer .

The Effect of H.Pylori Infection on Gastric Electrical Parameters in Children with Functional Dyspepsia / 天津医药

Objective To explore the relationship between H.pylori (HP) infection and the functional dyspepsia (FD) by 4-lead electrogastrography (EGG). Methods The data of the gastric electrical activity of 163 children with FD, includ-ing 103 children with HP infection (group A), 60 without HP infection (group B) and 22 healthy controls (group C) were mea-sured by 4-lead EGG, which included normal slow wave percentage (N%), bradygastria percentage (B%), tachygastria per-centage (T%) and motilin uneven rhythm percentage (A%). EGG frequency and power examination included the main fre-quency (DF), the main power (DP) and postprandial/pre-prandial gastric electrical main power ratio (P/R). EGG data was compared between three groups. Results There was significant difference in pre-prandial and postprandial percentage of different slow wave frequency between group A and group B. There were no significant differences in pre-prandial and post-prandial changes of DF and DP between group A and group B. There was no significant difference in the pre-prandial and postprandial percentage change of different slow wave frequencies in 84 HP negative patients. But the significant change was found in pre-prandial and postprandial change of DF, DP and P/R. Conclusion The eradication of HP improved the gas-tric electrical activity and relieved the postprandial symptom in children with functional dyspepsia under HP infection.