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Objective To investigate the therapy and influencing factors for prognosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) caused by multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs).Methods 169 patients with VAP who were admitted to a hospital between January 2012 and December 2013 were included in analysis, 125 were in MDRO infection group and 44 in non-MDRO infection group.MDRO infection group was subdivided into MDR-A group(n=78, resistant to selected antimicrobial agents) and MDR-B group (n=47, sensitive to at least one kind of selected antimicrobial agent).Antimicrobial choice and prognosis between each group were analyzed and compared.Results 242 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from airway secretion of VAP patients, 173(71.49％) were MDROs.The major pathogens causing VAP were Klebsiella spp.(n=66), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(n=64), Acinetobacter spp.(n=60), Staphylococcus aureus(n=27), and Escherichia coli (n=17), the percentages of MDROs of above pathogens were 68.18％, 50.00％, 91.67％, 88.89％, and 76.47％ respectively.The prognosis of MDRO infection group was poorer than that of non-MDRO infection group, MDR-A group had the worst prognosis(P0.05).Conclusion There is high incidence of MDRO infection in patients with VAP, effective antimicrobial therapy can improve the prognosis.
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Objective To revise looming maladaptive style questionnaire(LMSQ-R) and examine its reliability and validity.Methods 284 undergraduates were measured preparedly with LMSQ-R,281 university students participated in a retest,using LMSQ-R,fear of negative evaluation scale (FNE),Beck anxiety inventory (BAI),Beck depression inventory (BDI).Results ①The item distinguish analysis was acceptable.②Reliability analysis confirmed that Cronbach α coefficient of LMSQ-R was 0.736,Cronbach α coefficient of the two subscales were 0.593 and 0.636.The test-retest reliability of LMSQ-R ranged from 0.564 to 0.700.③Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the first order six factor-second order two factor model was perfect according to the evaluation criteria.The correlation coefficient between the two subscales was 0.527,the correlation coefficients among the two subscales and the total score ranged from 0.872 to 0.875.The correlation coefficients among the LMSQ-R and FNE,BAI,BDI ranged from 0.872 to 0.875,the results had statistical significance.Conclusion The revised LMSQ-R shows the satisfactory reliability and validity in university students.It can be used as a useful testing tool of LCS in psychological research.
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Objective Toexplore the expressions of interleukin-16 (IL-16), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3), and CRP and their clinical significance in acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by observing the changes in these factors in patients with AECOPD. Methods 103 patients with AECOPD and 20 healthy controls were collected. According to the 2013 GOLD guideline, all the patients with AECOPD were divided into4 groups(group A of 21 patients, B of 30, C of 27, andD of 25). Results As compared withthe control group, plasma concentrations of IL-16, IFN-γ, CXCR3. and CRP were significantly increased in the patients with AECOPD (P < 0.01), and as the severity of the disease was elevating, these expression levels were significantly increased.While the expression levels of IL-16, IFN-γ, CXCR3, and CRP levels were significantly reduced after treatment, but they were still higherthan those in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression levels of serum IL-16, IFN-γ, CXCR3, and CRP were significantly correlated in patients with AECOPD. Conclusions Expressions of IL-16, IFN-γ and CXCR3 are significantly increased in AECOPD, which is correlated with disease severity and decreased after treatment, suggesting that these three factors may be associated with the occurrence and development of COPD.