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Objective To study the effect of lithium chloride on the gap junction in the myocardium under chronic hypoxia.Methods Twenty-five C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normoxia group,hypoxia group,normoxic control group,hypoxia + saline group and hypoxia + lithium chloride group.Hypoxia group was treated with 10％ oxygen concentration for 4 weeks.Hypoxia + saline group and hypoxia + lithium chloride group were intraperitoneal injection of saline and lithium chloride.Electrophysiology and cardiac catheterization were used to assess arrhythmias,heart rate and ejection fraction.The expression of Cx43,phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β(p-GSK-3β) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the normoxia group,the hypoxia group had a faster heart rate [(448 ± 18) bpm vs.(401 ± 13) bpm,P＜0.05),and the ejection fraction was decreased [(56±5)％ vs.73±4)％,P＜0.05],arrhythmia score increased [(3.4±0.5)％ vs.(0.6±0.5)％,P＜0.05],Cx43 expression was decreased.Compared to hypoxia + normal saline group,the heart rate decreased[(412±11)bpm vs.(454±18)bpm,P＜0.05],ejection fraction increased[(69±3)％ vs.(55±4)％,P＜0.05],the score of arrhythmia decreased [(1.8±0.4) ％ vs.(3.0±0.7)％,P＜0.05] in hypoxia + lithium chloride group,the expression of Cx43 and the rate of p-GSK-3β to GSK-3β were increased.Conclusion During the chronic hypoxia,lithium chloride can sustain the gap junction through inhibition of GSK-3β signaling way,which can also reduce the rate of arrhythmia.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe therapeutic efficacy and safety of Tripterygium tablets combined with Compound α-keto acid tablets in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN)patients. METHODS:A total of 186 DN patients were randomly divided into control group(93 cases)and study group group(93 cases). Based on routine treatment,control group was given Tripterygium tablet 20 mg orally,3 times a day;study group was additionally given Compound α-keto acid tablet 3.78 g orally,3 times a day, on the basis of control group. Both groups were treated for consecutive 3 months. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were observed, and the levels of renal function indexes (Scr,BUN,CysC,GFR,24 h urine protein),renal interstitial fibrosis indexes (Hcy, VEGF,HGF,TGF-β1) and oxidative stress indexes (T-AOC,SOD,AOPP,MDA),the occurrence of ADR were also observed before and after treatment. RESULTS:No patient withdrew from the experiment in 2 groups,and all completed the treatment. Total response rate of study group (91.39%) was significantly higher than that of control group (80.65%),with statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment,the levels of Scr,BUN,CysC and 24 h urine protein,Hcy,VEGF,TGF-β1,AOPP and MDA in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and the study group was significantly lower than the control group;the levels of GFR,HGF,T-AOC and SOD in 2 groups were significantly higher than before treatment,and the study group was significantly higher than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Tripterygium tablets combined with Compound α-keto acid tablets show significant therapeutic efficacy for DN patients but do not increase the occurrence of ADR.