Application value of improved Cuda-based volume rendering algorithm in CT vascular imaging three-dimensional reconstruction / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the application value of an improved volume rendering algorithm based on Cuda in CT vascular imaging three-dimensional reconstruction.Methods Five cases of head and neck vascular computed tomography angiography(CTA)examinations and five cases of coronary CTA examinations were selected.The traditional Bounding-Box algorithm and the Cuda-based volume rendering reconstruction method were used for vascular three-dimensional reconstruction.The reconstruction speed and quality of the two algorithms were compared.Results Running the traditional algorithm on an RTX2060 graphics card took 50-60 ms per frame,while running the algorithm described in this study took 25-35 ms per frame,resulting in approximately a 1x speed improvement.On an RTX3060,the algorithm described in this study took 18-23 ms per frame,resulting in approximately a 1x speed improvement.The reconstruction results from all ten cases demonstrated that the algorithm described in this study provided clearer visualization of small blood vessels in the head and neck region and the distal coronary arteries.Conclusion The Cuda-based development framework achieves faster rendering speed and better image quality compared to the traditional Bounding-Box algorithm.

Overview of the establishment of Shanghai twin birth cohort / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo establish the Shanghai twin birth cohort （STBC） and analyze the effects of genetic factors， shared environment， and non-shared environment interactions on birth health and growth and development of newborns. MethodsBased on the population-wide birth cohort in Shanghai， a comprehensive survey was conducted on the families with double and multiple babies born after January 1， 2015 to collect information on birth health， growth and development， and the family environment of the babies. ResultsBy December 31， 2021， a total of 7 195 pairs （14 405 cases） of twins were successfully included in the STBC survey. The average birth length of twins was 47.2 cm and average birth weight was 2 465.3 g. Heterozygous twins accounted for 69.05% and preterm babies accounted for 57.07%. The average age of the mothers of twins was 31.82 years， and the average age of the fathers was 33.87 years， with more than 80% of the parents having a college degree or above. 44.50% of the mothers used assisted reproductive technologies， 7.40% had illnesses during pregnancy， and 15.90% were exposed to passive smoking during pregnancy. During the survey period， the average monthly increase in the length of the twin infants was 2.09 cm， and the average monthly weight gain was 0.53 kg. ConclusionThe incidence of adverse outcomes such as maternal cesarean section rate， preterm birth， and low birth weight is higher in the twin birth population. Information on birth health as well as growth and development in childhood and adolescence in the twin birth population is collected based on STBC， which can provide a solid data foundation for studying children’s chronic non-communicable diseases， psychological and behavioral disorders and other complex health problems caused by the combined effects of genetics and the environment.

Characteristics and trend analysis of injury causes of death in Qingpu District of Shanghai，2002‒2020 / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo analyze the characteristics and changing trend of injury cause of mortality of residents in Qingpu District from 2002 to 2020， and to provide scientific reference for formulating regional prevention and control measures. MethodsThe injury mortality data of the registered residents in Qingpu District from 2002 to 2020 were collected. The indicators such as crude mortality rate， standardized mortality rate， and the ranking of causes of death were calculated. ResultsFrom 2002 to 2020， the average annual crude mortality rate was 50.27/100 000， the age-standardized mortality rate based on the world standard population（ASRW） was 30.08/100 000， and the age-standardized mortality rate based on the 2010 Chinese census（ASMRC） was 35.58/100 000. The average annual crude mortality rate of males was higher than that of females ［Z=54.402， Mantel-Hanszel χ2=1 742.509， P<0.01）. The overall injury mortality rate showed a downward trend with an average annual percent change（AAPC）of -4.07% （95%CI： -5.23%‒-2.90%）， P<0.001］. The top four causes of injury death were transportation accident， indeliberate fall， drowning， and suicide. The leading causes of death in 0‒ years old， 15‒ years old and ≥65 years old were drowning， transportation accident and indeliberate fall， respectively. The ASRW of transportation accident， drowning and suicide all showed a decreasing trend， and the AAPC were -8.22% （95%CI： -10.16%‒-6.24%）， -6.99% （95%CI： -9.68%‒-4.22%） and -6.21% （95%CI： -9.38%‒-2.94%）， respectively. ConclusionThe injury death rate of residents in Qingpu District shows a decreasing trend， and the distribution characteristics of injury death are different among different genders and age groups. Corresponding prevention and control strategies should be adopted for different populations.

Epidemiological characterization of a cluster of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant at a construction site in Qingpu District， Shanghai / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo determine the epidemiological characteristics of a cluster of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant at a construction site and provide evidence for further COVID-19 prevention and control. MethodsDemographic data of all COVID-19 cases at a construction site in Qingpu District， Shanghai， and basic information of the construction site were retrospectively collected through filed investigation. Descriptive epidemiology was used for the analysis. Basic reproduction number （R0） and time-dependent reproduction number （Rt） were calculated using R program. ResultsDuring April 12 and May 8， 2022， a total of 314 cases were reported at the construction site， with an attack rate of 60.62%. The attack rate significantly differed between workers and managers （χ2=10.868， P<0.001）， whereas did not differ statistically by gender （χ2=0.358， P=0.550） or by vaccination status （χ2=2.861， P=0.091）. The age of all cases ranged from 5 months of age to 68 years， with a media age of 49.0 years （interquartile range： 39.8， 54.0）. In all cases， male was predominant （83.44%）. Moreover， the epidemic was mainly concentrated in the workers’ dormitory area， with infected cases identified in all buildings of each dormitory area. The attack rate ranged between 33.33% and 87.50% across the buildings. Symptoms and signs were observed among 43.0% of all cases， of which major clinical manifestations included cough （33.33%）， fever （30.37%） and headache （17.04%）. Clinical manifestations did not differ by gender （χ2=1.275， P=0.259） or by vaccination status （χ2=0.186， P=0.666）. Additionally， R0 was estimated to be 6.08 （95% confidence interval： 4.49‒8.02）. The Rt showed a decline in the beginning， followed by an increase and a re-decline. ConclusionThe cluster epidemic of COVID-19 caused by Omicron variant at the construction site is highly contagious， spreads rapidly and quietly， causes mild symptoms， which finally resulted in a large number of infected cases. It warrants rapid and strict containment when an epidemic occurs at construction sites.

Cost-utility Analysis of 3 Antiemetic Regimens to Prevent Nausea and Vomiting Caused by Multi-day Cisplatin- containing Chemotherapy Based on the Real World / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for clinical decision-making related to chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting（CINV）. METHODS ：The medical records of patients diagnosed as malignant tumor receiving multi-day cisplatin-containing chemotherapy in our hospital were collected by hospital information system from Jan.-Dec. 2012. The medical records were divided into tropisetron group ，ramosetron group and palonosetron group according to different schemes of 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonist. The covariates of 3 groups were balanced by propensity score matching method ；cost-utility analysis was conducted for the 3 matched antiemetic schemes ；one-way sensitivity analysis and sampling uncertainty analysis were also conducted. RESULTS ： The results of cost-utility analysis showed that treatment cost of one observation period of tropisetron group was 237.71 yuan and utility were 0.054 68 QALYs；that of ramosetron group was 242.37 yuan and utility were 0.055 26 QALYs，and that of palonosetron group was 319.24 yuan and utility were 0.055 76 QALYs. Compared with tropisetron group ，the ICER of palonosetron group was 75 155.69 yuan/QALY；Compared with ramosetron group ，the ICER of palonosetron group was 152 062.07 yuan/QALY. Both of them were lower than 3 times of China ’s 2020 per capita GDP （217 341 yuan/QALY）. The results of sensitivity analysis and sampling uncertainty analysis demonstrated that the results of basic analysis were robust. CONCLUSIONS ：Under the current drug price，the antiemetic regimen based on palonosetron is more economical for the prevention of CINV caused by multi-day chemotherapy containing cisplatin.

Relation of angiopoietin-1 with prognoses of patients with acute ischemic stroke / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relation of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) with prognoses of patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods Eighty-nine patients with acute ischemic stroke,admitted to our hospitals fiom October 2015 to December 2017,were chosen.The patients were diagnosed as having acute ischemic stroke by digital subtraction angiography (DSA),and assessed with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) on the time of admission and 21st d of admission;modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was performed on 90th d of admission.According to NIHSS and mRS scores,these patients were divided into a good prognosis group (difference value of NIHSS scores＞0,mRS scores≤ 2) and a poor prognosis group (difference value ofNIHSS scores≤ 0,mRS scores＞2).In addition,31 patients without acute ischemic stroke who were randomly selected as a control group at the same time.The clinical data of all study subjects were collected.Morning fasting blood of the patients was collected on 2nd,7th,14th,and 21st d of admission.The serum Ang-1 expression was detected by ELISA.Results (1) Fifty-seven patients were into the good prognosis group and 32 were into the poor prognosis group;there were no significant differences in age,gender,hypertension history,diabetes history,smoking history,and drinking history among the control group,good prognosis group and poor prognosis group (P＞0.05).(2) There was no statistically significant difference in Ang-1 expression level in control group among different time points (P＞0.05);however,Ang-1 level in the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group was the highest on 2n d of admission,and then,gradually decreased,and it still had high expression on the 21st d;significant differences were noted among the 3 groups on 2nd,7th,14th,and 21st d of admission (P＜0.05),and Ang-1 level in the good prognosis group was significantly higher than that in the poor prognosis group and control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Ang-1 level increases in patients with acute ischemic stroke;Ang-1 level in good prognosis patients is higher than that in poor prognosis patients,suggesting that Ang-1 may be related to their prognoses.

Expression of serum ADAM33 in patients with different severity of asthma and the relation to airway chronic inflammation / 医学研究生学报

Objective A distintegrin and metalloproteinase 33 (ADAM33) is one of the asthma susceptibility gene, which is closely related to the pathogenesis of asthma and airway hyperreactivity.The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of serum ADAM33 in patients with different severity of asthma and the relation to airway chronic inflammation through clinical trials.MethodsPatients diagnosed as mild-to-moderate asthma (n=54), severe asthma (n=35) and healthy controls (n=30) were recruited from May 2015 to May 2016.The serum IgE, ADAM33, IL-4 and IL-13 1evels and Eosinophil (EOS) in peripheral blood were detected, and the correlation analysis was performed Results The serum levels of ADAM33 in mild-to-moderate asthma group, severe asthma group and healthy control group were 23.8±6.21pg/mL,64.8±12.8pg/mL and 18.3±4.49pg/mL, respectively.The ADAM33 levels in mild-to-moderate asthma group and severe asthma group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05).The ADAM33 levels in severe asthma group were higher than those in mild to moderate asthma group.(P<0.05).The correlation analysis showed that ADAM33 had positive correlation with IL-4 and IL-13(r=0.79 and r=0.81), but no correlation with EOS and IgE(r=0.54 and r=0.46).Conclusion The expression of serum ADAM33 was up-regulated in asthmatic patients along with the severity of asthma.ADAM33 was positively correlated with serum IL-4 and IL-13, implying that the expression of ADAM33 may be regulated by Th2 type cytokines.

Research of aromatase inhibitor-associated arthralgia / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Aromataseinhibitors(AI)aretheleadingcarefortheadjuvanttreatmentofhormone responsive carcinoma of the breast as demonstrated in a number of large international phase III randomised tri-als.Aromatase inhibitor-associated arthralgia (AIA )was a somewhat unexpected side effect of this class of agents and has proven to be potentially problematic in clinical practice.The pathogenesis of AIA is not very clear currently,with the cause of most research focusing on estrogen deprivation,immune abnormalities,tenosy-novial changes and joint effusions.It is extremely urgent that we evaluate this syndrome and select appropriate therapeutic strategies to reduce the incidence of AIA,thereby improving breast cancer-related outcomes.

Serum hydrogen sulfide reduces in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients / 基础医学与临床

Objective To explore the effect of endogenous H_2S in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) patients, and its relationship with the severity of IPF. Methods Plasma H_2S in 27 patients with IPF (IPF group) and 28 healthy people (control group) were tested. PaO_2, ESR, CRP, LDH, HRCT and pulmonary function in IPF group were tested to evaluate the severity of the disease at the same time. Then the concentrations of H_2S in aggravating and palliative period in IPF group were observed. Results (1) Compared with the control group, the concentration of plasma H_2S in IPF group was significantly reduced(P 0. 05). Conclusion Endogenous H_2S was probably involved in the course of IPF, and was associated with the progress of the disease.

Effects of Pinellia ternata extracts on inhibiting of oviposition and ovicidal action against Plutella xylostella / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the bioactivities of the extracts from Pinellia ternata against Plutella xylostella.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The active material in P. ternata was Soxhlet extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol successively. The bioactivities of the extracts were determined.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Results indicated that all extracts using three solvents showed inhibition of oviposition and ovicidal action activities, but the activity of ethanol extract was the strongest. The higher concentration, the more obviously the effect on the pest was. 24 h after treatment with 100 g x L(-1) ethanol extract in no-choice tests and choice tests, the deterrent rates were 85.13%, 73.38%, respectively. Furthermore, treatment with 100 g x L(-1) ethanol extract after 5 d could effectively reduced the percentage of eggs incubation, ovicidal rate could reach 62.40%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These results suggest that extracts of P. ternata could be used to control pest.</p>

Study on respiratory syncytial virus infection induced-airway hyperre-sponsiveness and the function of M_2 receptor in guinea pigs / 中国病理生理杂志

0.05).After stimulation,IP of two groups all increased accord with stimulating frequencies,and that in RSV group was much higher than that in controls.After giving pilocarpine,IP of controls decreased according to the doses of pilocarpine,while the extent of decrease in RSV group was much less than that in controls,which had significant difference(P