Analysis of 50 cases of bloodstream infection with Listeria monocytogenes / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To analyze the characteristics of bloodstream infection of Listeria monocytogenes and provide basis for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods　We retrospectively analyzed the cases of Listeria monomyrhosi bloodstream infection in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) from April 2012 to April 2022. The age, sex, onset time, underlying disease, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the patients were analyzed, as well as the changes of white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, and C-reactive protein (CRP) before and after anti-infection treatment. Results　Fifty cases of Listeria monocytogenes bloodstream infection confirmed by blood culture were involved. The age of patients ranged from 0 to 82 (43.7±20.0) years old, among whom 20.0% were over 60 years old. The onset time of patients was the highest in spring (44.0%), followed by winter (24.0%), and relatively fewer in summer and autumn (14.0%-18.0%). The median diagnosis time was 3 days (1-60 days). After the etiological diagnosis, 45 patients (90.0%) had underlying diseases or pregnancy status, and 45 patients were adjusted to the target antibacterial treatment mainly with carbapenems (48.9%) and penicillins (44.4%). The level of WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and CRP after treatment were significantly lower than those pre-treatments (P<0.05). Among all patients, 36 cases (72.0%) were treated according to the Antimicrobial Treatment Guidelines for Fever Sanford, of which 26 cases (72.2%) were discharged from the hospital, two cases died, one case was transferred to other hospitals, and 7 cases had a poor prognosis. Conclusions　Autoimmune diseases, tumor diseases, pregnant patients are susceptible to Listeria monocytogenes infection. Penicillins are the first choice for effective empiric therapy. For the patients allergic to penicillins, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or meropenem could be used.

Effect of silencing HDAC9 on the proliferation and differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To investigate the effect of silencing histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) expression on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs).@*Methods@# PDLSCs were isolated, cultured and identified in vitro. An siRNA construct specific for HDAC9 was transfected into PDLSCs (siHDAC9 group), and a nontargeting siRNA was used as a control (siNC group). The interference effect was determined by qRT-PCR. The cell cycle progression of PDLSCs was detected using flow cytometry. The proliferation activity of PDLSCs was detected via CCK-8 assay. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The mRNA expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was investigated by qRT-PCR. The protein expression of RUNX2 was detected by western blotting. In addition, the formation of mineralized nodules was assessed by alizarin red staining. @*Results@#Compared with that in the siNC group, the mRNA expression of HDAC9 in the siHDAC9 group was lower (P < 0.01). Moreover, compared with those in the siNC group, the proliferation index (P<0.01), proliferation activity (P<0.05) and protein expression of PCNA (P<0.01) in the siHDAC9 group were all increased. Compared with the siNC group, the siHDAC9 group exhibited higher mRNA expression of RUNX2 and ALP (P < 0.05), and the protein expression of RUNX2 showed the same results (P < 0.01). The results of alizarin red staining showed that compared to the siNC group, the siHDAC9 group formed more mineralized nodules.@* Conclusion@#Silencing HDAC9 expression can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.

Effect of miR-21 on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @# To explore the effect of miR-21 on human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) proliferation and osteogenesis and to provide a theoretical basis for the stem cell treatment of periodontitis.@*Methods@#hPDLSCs were isolated and cultured with the enzymatic tissue block method, and surface molecules (CD34, CD45, CD90 and CD105) were detected by flow cytometry. An miR-21 mimics (pre-miR-21) and inhibitor (anti-miR-21) were transfected into hPDLSCs by Lipofectamine 2000. The experiment groups: mimics-NC group, mimics group, inhibitor group, and inhibitor-NC group. The transfection efficiency of miR-21 was determined by qRT-PCR. Proliferation was detected by CCK-8 and flow cytometry. The osteogenic differentiation ability of hPDLSCs was determined by alizarin red staining. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of osteogenic related genes: Runx2.@*Results@#The mRNA expression of miR-21in the mimics group was significantly higher than that in the mimics-NC group; additionally, the expression in the inhibitor group was significantly weaker than that in the inhibitor-NC group (P < 0.05). hPDLSCs proliferation and the S phase cell ratio in the mimics group were stronger than those in the mimics-NC group(P < 0.05); those in the inhibitor group were weaker than those in the inhibitor-NC group (P < 0.05). After alizarin red staining, the mimics group was found to have more mineralized modules than mimics-NC group, and the inhibitor group had fewer than that in the inhibitor-NC group. Runx2 protein expression in the mimics group was higher than that in the mimics-NC group (P <0.05), and expression was lower in the inhibitor group than in the inhibitor-NC group (P < 0.05).@*Conclusion@#miR-21can promote the proliferation and osteogenesic differentiation of hPDLSCs.

Relations of neuropeptide Y and heme oxygenase-1 expressions with fetal brain injury in rats with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the relations of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expressions with fetal brain injury in rats with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). Methods: Sixty rats pregnant for 15 days were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The ICP model was established in experimental group. On the 21st day, the blood biochemical test, histopathological examination of pregnant rat liver and fetal brain tissues and immunohistochemical analysis of fetal rat brain tissues were performed. Results: On the 21st day, the alanineaminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and total bile acid levels in experimental group were significantly higher than control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, there was obvious vacuolar degeneration in pregnant rat liver tissue and fetal brain tissue in experimental group. NPY expression in fetal brain tissue was negative in control group and positive in experimental group. HO-1 expression in fetal brain tissue was strongly positive in control group and positive in experimental group. There was significant difference of immunohistochemical staining optical density between two groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: In fetal brain of ICP rats, the NPY expression is increased, and the HO-1 expression is decreased, which may be related to the fetal brain injury.

Effect of root canal irrigants on the bond strength between resin sealants and dentin / 口腔疾病防治

@#When the root canal is filled, the use of the adhesive resin-based sealant to form a strong bond with the dentin reduces microleakage of the apex, enhances the bending resistance of the tooth, and resists the mechanical damage of the pile preparation, thus improving the success rate of root canal treatment. However, during root canal treatment, the use of a rinsing agent may change the tissue structure of the dentin and the wettability of the dentin, thereby affecting the bonding strength between the resin sealing agent and the dentin. In this paper, the effects of a traditional root canal irrigant and several new rinsing agents on the bonding strength of resin sealant and dentin are reviewed. The results show that the traditional root canal rinsing agent NaClO is reduced as the final rinsing agent. The bonding strength of resin sealant to dentin; EDTA affects the biomechanical properties of root dentin, and the removal efficiency is low, which will affect the bond strength between the resin sealant and dentin. EDTA combined with NaClO as a final rinsing agent can improve the bonding strength. Chlorhexidine can also increase the bonding strength between the blocking agent and dentin and can be used as the final rinsing agent. The new rinsing agent MTAD has a negative impact on the resin sealing agent and dentin bond strength. QMix and maleic acid remove smear efficiency with dentin bond strengths greater than or equal to EDTA and can replace EDTA as the final rinse.

Effects of High Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on KCC2 Expression in Rats with Spasticity Following Spinal Cord Injury / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on potassium-chloride cotransporter-2 (KCC2) protein expression following spinal cord injury (SCI) and the action mechanism were investigated.SCI models were established in SD rats.Five groups were set up randomly:normal control group,SCI 7-day (7D) model group,SCI 14-day (14D) model group,SCI-7D rTMS group and SCI-14D rTMS group (n=5 each).The rats in SCI rTMS groups were treated with 10 Hz rTMS from 8th day and 15th day after SCI respectively,once every day,5 days every week,a total of 4 weeks.After the model establishment,motor recovery and spasticity alleviation were evaluated with BBB scale once a week till the end of treatment.Finally,different parts of tissues were dissected out for detection of variations of KCC2 protein using Western blotting and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.The results showed that the BBS scores after treatment were significantly higher in SCI-7D rTMS group than in SCI-14D rTMS group (P＜0.05).As compared with normal control groups,The KCC2 protein in SCI model groups was down-regulated after SCI,and the decrease was much more significant in SCI-14D model group than in SCI-7D group (P＜0.05).As compared with SCI model groups,KCC2 protein in rTMS groups was up-regulated after the treatment (P＜0.05).The up-regulation of KCC2 protein content and expression was more obvious in SCI-7D rTMS group than in SCI-14D rTMS group (P＜0.05).It was concluded that 10 Hz rTMS can alleviate spasticity in rats with SCI,which might be attributed to the up-regulation of KCC2 protein.It was also suggested that the high-frequency rTMS treatment after SCI at early stage might achieve more satisfactory curative effectiveness.

OnabotulinumtoxinA for neurogenic detrusor overactivity and dose differences: a systematic review

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA for patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO). Materials and Methods We searched the Cochrane Library, PUBMED, EMBASE, Chinese Bio-medicine database, China Journal Full-text Database, VIP database, Wanfang database for randomized controlled trials (from inception to September 2012). Two authors independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed the methodological and evidence quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Table and GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) respectively. Data analysis was performed by RevMan 5.1 and descriptive analysis was employed if necessary. Results Eight studies were selected (n=1879 participants). OnabotulinumtoxinA was more related to urinary tract infection (UTI) (200U: OR 1.72, CI: 1.18-2.52; 300U: OR 1.88, CI: 1.31-2.69) versus placebo. Also, OnabotulinumtoxinA was superior to placebo in improving maximum cystometric capacity (MCC) (200U: OR 138.80, CI: 112.45-165.15; 300U: OR 152.09, CI: 125.25-178.93) and decreasing maximum detrusor pressure (MDP) (200U: MD -29.61, CI: -36.52--22.69; 300U: MD-28.92, CI: -39.59--18.25). However, there were no statistical differences between 200U and 300U onabotulinumtoxinA in UTI (OR 0.84, CI: 0.58-1.22), MCC (OR-12.72, CI: -43.36-17.92) and MDP (MD 2.21, CI: -6.80-11.22). Conclusions OnabotulinumtoxinA may provide superior clinical and urodynamic benefit for populations with NDO. High-quality studies are required for evaluating the optimal dose, long-term application and when to perform repeated injections. .

A Meta-analysis of the Biomarkers Associated with Coronary Artery Lesions Secondary to Kawasaki Disease in Chinese Children / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The biomarkers associated with coronary artery lesions (CAL) secondary to Kawasaki disease (KD) in Chinese children were investigated by using Meta-analysis.We searched documents published from January 1997 to December 2009 from medical electronic databases.According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,eligible full-text papers were identified.We conducted a comprehensive quantitative analysis by using Statal 0.0 statistical software package to assess the heterogeneity among the documents,calculated the summary effect and analyze publication bias and sensitivity.A total of 92 documents and 16 biomarkers were identified.All documents were case-control studies,and included 2398 patients in CAL group and 5932 patients in non-CAL (NCAL) group.The Meta-analysis showed that the levels of platelet count,platelet hematocrit (PCT),neutrophils count,platelet distribution width (PDW),mean platelet volume (MPV),erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnI),and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in CAL group were significantly higher than those in NCAL group,and serum albumin (Alb) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels were significantly lower in CAL group (all P＜0.05).White blood cell (WBC) count,serum sodium,matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9),total cholesterol (TC),hematocrit (HCT) and CD3+T lymphocytes percentage had no statistically significant difference between the two groups.In conclusion,our results indicated that the 10 biomarkers including platelet count,neutrophils count,PCT,PDW,MPV,ESR,cTnI,ET-1,Alb and Hb were associated with CAL,and may be involved in the pathogenesis of CAL.The biomarkers of WBC count,serum sodium,MMP-9,TC,HCT,and CD3+T lymphocytes percentage bore no relationship with the development of CAL among Chinese children with KD.