RESUMO
Objective@#To evaluate the efficacy of lung cancer screening in urban areas of Henan province by low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) from 2013 to 2017.@*Methods@#A cluster sampling method was used to select the residents of 40-74 years old in Henan province to investigate the risk factors and conduct lung cancer risk assessment. Subjects with high risk of lung cancer received LDCT for screening.@*Results@#A total of 179 002 residents completed the lung cancer risk assessment, and 35 672 subjects were identified as high risk of lung cancer, with a high risk rate of 19.93%. A total of 13 383 subjects with high risk received LDCT, and the screening rate was 37.52%. There were 786 cases diagnosed as positive nodules, and the detection rate was 5.87%. Among them, 755 cases of solid/partial solid nodule were ≥5 mm, 23 cases of non-solid nodules were ≥8 mm, 8 cases were intratracheal nodules, and 115 cases were diagnosed as suspicious lung cancer. The detection rate in males was 6.74%, which was higher than 5.02% in females. The detection rate was positively related with age (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#The application of LDCT is a useful screening method which can elevate the early detection rate of positive nodules and other related diseases in lungs. In the future, males and older populations should be paid more attention to improve screening efficacy.