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Parkinson′s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Its main pathological feature is the progressive loss of substantia nigra and other catecholaminergic neurons containing neuromelanin (NM). Therefore, NM may be closely related to the pathogenesis of PD. The content of NM can be detected by NM magnetic sensitive sequence imaging, and then it can be applied to the study of the neuropathological mechanism of NM and PD. This paper focuses on the physiological significance of NM, its role in the pathogenesis of PD and the prospect of NM as a biomarker to assist diagnosis and disease monitoring of PD.
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Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is an autosomal dominant degenerative disease. The main clinical manifestation of SCA2 is progressive cerebellar syndrome, but a wide range of extracerebellar and non-motor symptoms can be observed clinically. The non-motor symptoms and extra-cerebellar signs in SCA2 patients are reviewed to provide a better understanding in cognition, diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
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Objective To understand the present situation of Successful Aging (SA) and its Constitution Types of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CTTCM) in the elderly,exploring on the correlation between SA and CTTCM. Methods Totally 198 old adults from community service center were investigated with Chinese-version Successful aging Inventory (C-SAI) and TCM physique type scale. Results The mean score of SA was(56.90±10.01), the physical types of the elderly are mostly biased. The results of one-way variance analysis of Constitution Types of Traditional Chinese Medicine showed that there were differences in the SAI scores of old people with different physique types (F=21.180, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed SA scores were statistically significant in terms of educational level, living styles, dietary habits, sleep quality and participation in social activities (t=-4.969-4.257, P<0.05). Conclusions The SA in our study was at a moderate level, the constitution types of the elderly are mainly biased. The Constitution Types of Traditional Chinese Medicine could influence the old adults′ SA. By providing individualized Chinese medicine intervention for the elderly to correct biased physique, and improve the level of successful aging in future.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) in the treatment of type 1 gastroesophageal varices (GOV1).Methods From July 2016 to May 2017,at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,NO.2 People's Hospital of Fuyang City and the Sixth People's Hospital of Shenyang,the efficacy of EVL in the treatment of patients with GOV1 were retrospectively analyzed.The number of ligation rings,emergency (bleeding within 24 hours) hemostasis,successful hemostasis,early rebleeding (from 72 hours to six weeks after operation),delayed rebleeding (at six weeks after operation) and disappearance of gastroesophageal varices were observed.Patients were followed up for six to 16 months and postoperative complications of EVL were evaluated.Results There were 61 patients with GOV1 (40 males and 21 females),and the mean age was (50.9±10.9) years.The number of ligation during EVL operation was one to six (mean 3.8 ± 1.9).Seven patients with active bleeding were all successfully achieved emergency hemostasis.One case had rebleeding in 72 hours after operation,and the hemostatic rate was 98.3 ％ (60/61).The early rebleeding rate was 11.5 ％ (7/61),the delayed rebleeding rate was 4.9％ (3/61),and the total rebleeding rate was 16.4％ (10/61).The disappearance rate of gastroesophageal varices was 85.2％ (52/61).The complication rate was 21.3％ (13/61).No post-ligation ulcer bleeding,spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and perforation were observed in all patients.Conclusions EVL can effectively control the acute hemmorrhage of GOV1 type gastric varices.The postoperative rebleeding rate and complication rate are low.However,the disappearance rate of varices is high.
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ObjectiveTo study the diagnostic value of double balloon endoscopy (DBE) for gastrointestinal disease.MethodsClinical data of 53 patients with suspected intermediate gastrointestinal diseases who underwent DBE procedures were retrospectively analyzed for detection rate,complications and the incidence of adverse reactions.ResultsAll of 53 patients underwent successful DBE,Procedures were performed via mouth ( n =26),anus ( n =9 ) and the combined routes ( n =18 ).And definite diagnosis was made in 46 cases (86.79％),including upper gastrointestinal (above ligament of Treitz) disease in 3 cases (5.66％),intermediate gastrointestinal disease in 41 cases (77.36％ ) and lower gastrointestinal disease in 2 cases (3.77％).All 53 patients were tolerant to the operation and anesthesia.No severe complications like bleeding,perforation,intestinal torsion,mesenteric tear,pancreatitis or anesthetic accident occured.Several patients showed abdominal flatulence,transient abdominal pain.Some patients in oral route reported slight throat discomfort or slight nasal bleeding.Incarceration occurred in 1 case due to friction of endotracheal intubation and the silicone tube,which was released after deflation and removed out.2 patients showed mild diarrhea with low fever,and the symptoms were self-healing without special treatment in 48 h.ConclusionDBE is of high diagnostic value for gastrointestinal diseases with a high safety.