A conceptual framework for dynamics of cccDNA in hepatitis B virus / 中华肝脏病杂志

The resolution of the hepatitis C issue has raised expectations for a chronic hepatitis B cure, driving the industry to expand investment in research and development efforts to strengthen functional cure strategies. These strategies have a wide variety of types, and the published research findings are heterogeneous. The theoretical analysis of these strategies is of great significance for determining prioritized research orientations as well as sensibly allocating research and development resources. However, due to a paucity of necessary conceptual models, current theoretical analysis has not been able to unify various therapeutic strategies into a proper theoretical framework. In view of the fact that the decrease in the quantity of cccDNA is an inevitable core event accompanied by the process of functional cure, this paper intends to analyze several chronic hepatitis B cure strategies using cccDNA dynamics as a framework. Furthermore, there are currently few studies on the dynamics of the cccDNA field, hoping that this article can promote recognition and research in this field.

Resveratrol up regulates the expression of SIRT1 and mediates protective effect on radiation-induced myocardial injury / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of resveratrol on radiation-induced myocardial injury in mice.Methods:A total of 80 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group, resveratrol (Res) group, radiation (RT) group and radiation+resveratrol (RT+Res) group. In the RT group, mice were given with heart radiation and mice in the Res group were given with resveratrol by gavage for 3 months. Cardiac ultrasound was used to evaluate cardiac function at 3 months after cardiac radiation. The hearts of mice were collected for HE staining, immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, Masson staining and Western blot to evaluate the expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), the level of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis and the degree of fibrosis in myocardial tissues. Experimental data were expressed as Mean ± SD. Continous data were statistically analyzed by t-test. Results:After 3 months of irradiation, compared with the control group, the ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) of cardiac function were decreased, and myocardial degeneration and disorder, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory levels (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α), myocardial apoptosis (TUNEL positive cell rate) and fibrosis were increased in the RT group. In the RT+Res group, the cardiac function was improved, the expression of SIRT1 was increased, and the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis were decreased.Conclusions:Resveratrol can reduce oxidative stress, inflammatory infiltration, apoptosis and fibrosis of myocardium in mice with radiation-induced myocardial injury, thereby improving cardiac structural abnormalities and cardiac dysfunction. This protective effect can be mediated by upregulation of SIRT1 expression.

Design, synthesis, antibacterial and antitumor activities of novel pyrazolo3,4-bpyridine-4-one-5-carboxylic acid derivatives / 药学学报

To discover new structural hits, based on the important role of pyrazole ring and fragment of pyridinone carboxylic acid in drug design, novel title pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-4-one-5-carboxylic acid derivatives (10a-10p) were designed and synthesized, the structures were confirmed by spectral data and elemental analyses. The antibacterial and antitumor activities were evaluated by the measured minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against the tested four strains and half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values against the tested four cancer cells, respectively. The results displayed markedly poor antibacterial activity and observably potent antitumor activity. In particularly, the title difluorophenyl (10d, 10e, 10f), pyridyl (10j), ethyl (10k) and cycloproyl (10l) compounds exhibited comparable activity against Capan-1 and A549 cells to that of the comparison doxorubicin. Thus, pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-4-one-5-carboxylic acid derivatives as promising antitumor hits need to be developed.

Neural mechanism for modulation of auditory response of the striatum by locomotion / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore whether the characteristic responses to sound stimulations of the auditory neurons in the striatum is regulated in different behavioral states.@*METHODS@#The auditory neurons in the striatum of awake C57BL/6J mice were selected for this study. We recorded the auditory response of the striatum to noises over a long period of time by building a synchronous in vivo electrophysiological and locomotion recording system and using glass microelectrode attachment recording. By analyzing the running speed of the mice, the behavioral states of the mice were divided into the quiet state and the active state, and the spontaneous activity and evoked responses of the auditory neurons in the striatum were analyzed in these two states.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those recorded in the quiet state, the spontaneous activity of the auditory neurons in the striatum of the mice increased significantly (37.06±12.02 vs 18.51±10.91, P < 0.001) while the auditory response of the neurons decreased significantly (noise intensity=60 dB, 3.45±2.99 vs 3.04±2.76, P < 0.001) in the active state.@*CONCLUSION@#Locomotion has a significant inhibitory effect on the auditory response of the striatum, which may importantly contribute to the decline of sound information recognition ability in the active state.

Targeted killing of CD133+ lung cancer stem cells using paclitaxel-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles with CD133 aptamers / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To construct a polylactic acid-glycolic acid-polyethylene glycol (PLGA-PEG) nanocarrier (N-Pac-CD133) coupled with a CD133 nucleic acid aptamer carrying paclitaxel for eliminating lung cancer stem cells (CSCs).@*METHODS@#Paclitaxel-loaded N-Pac-CD133 was prepared using the emulsion/solvent evaporation method and characterized. CD133+ lung CSCs were separated by magnetic bead separation and identified for their biological behaviors and gene expression profile. The efficiency of paclitaxel-loaded N-Pac-CD133 for targeted killing of lung cancer cells was assessed in vitro. SCID mice were inoculated with A549 cells and received injections of normal saline, empty nanocarrier linked with CD133 aptamer (N-CD133), paclitaxel, paclitaxel-loaded nanocarrier (N-Pac) or paclitaxel-loaded N-Pac-CD133 (n=8, 5 mg/kg paclitaxel) on days 10, 15 and 20, and the tumor weight and body weight of the mice were measured on day 40.@*RESULTS@#Paclitaxel-loaded N-Pac-CD133 showed a particle size of about 100 nm with a high encapsulation efficiency (>80%) and drug loading rate (>8%), and was capable of sustained drug release within 48 h. The CD133+ cell population in lung cancer cells showed the characteristic features of lung CSCs, including faster growth rate (30 days, P=0.001) and high expressions of tumor stem cell markers OV6(P < 0.001), CD133 (P=0.001), OCT3/4 (P=0.002), EpCAM (P=0.04), NANOG (P=0.005) and CD44 (P=0.02). Compared with N-Pac and free paclitaxel, paclitaxel-loaded N-Pac-CD133 showed significantly enhanced targeting ability and cytotoxicity against lung CSCs in vitro (P < 0.001) and significantly reduced the formation of tumor spheres (P < 0.001). In the tumor-bearing mice, paclitaxel-loaded N-Pac-CD133 showed the strongest effects in reducing the tumor mass among all the treatments (P < 0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#CD133 aptamer can promote targeted delivery of paclitaxel to allow targeted killing of CD133+ lung CSCs. N-Pac-CD133 loaded with paclitaxel may provide an effective treatment for lung cancer by targeting the lung cancer stem cells.

Analysis on repetitive reporting of hepatitis B in Fujian province, 2016-2020 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the repetitive reporting of hepatitis B in Fujian province during 2016-2020, and provide evidence for the improvement of hepatitis B surveillance. Methods: The reporting cards from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention were collected and divided into repetitive reporting cards and non-repetitive reporting cards from the report cards collected according to the valid ID number on the cards, and the proportion of repetitive report cards and related factors were analyzed by using software SAS 9.4. Results: A total of 314 551 hepatitis B reporting cards were submitted in Fujian from 2016 to 2020, in which 90.93% (286 020/314 551) were included in the analysis. The repetitive reporting cards accounted for 10.48% (29 982/286 020). The annual proportion of the repetitive reporting cards from 2016 to 2020 was between 2.98% and 3.71%, showing an overall increasing trend year by year (Z=2.26, P=0.024). The proportions of the repetitive reporting cards in 1-5 years were 3.17%, 5.40%, 7.74%, 9.27% and 10.48%, respectively, showing an increase trend with year (Z=128.16, P<0.001). The proportions of the repetitive reporting cards in 10 areas of Fujian ranged from 5.44% to 13.48% with significant difference (χ2=2 050.41, P<0.001) and increased with the increase of reported incidence of hepatitis B (Z=26.92, P<0.001). There were significant differences in relationships between repetitive reporting proportion and sex, age and type of the cases between the areas with high incidence and low incidence of hepatitis B. Conclusions: The reported incidence of hepatitis B was seriously affected by the repetitive reporting in Fujian from 2016 to 2020. A cross-year and cross-area surveillance mechanism for hepatitis B should be established and targeted measures should be taken to strengthen the control of the repetitive reporting and improve the surveillance for hepatitis B.

Effect of Shuganning injection on the model of cholestasis - type chlorpromazine - induced liver injury constructed by a new tissue - engineered liver / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Shuganning injection (SGN) in alleviating drug-induced cholestasis and the possible mechanisms involved. Methods The liver of Sprague-Dawley rats was decellularized to prepare collagen scaffolds, and then the scaffolds were recellularized with human HepG2 cells to obtain the tissue-engineered liver (normal control group). The tissue-engineered liver was perfused with 10 μmol/L chlorpromazine (CPZ) and bile salt mixture to establish a model of drug-induced cholestasis (CPZ group), and the model was further treated with Shuganning injection (10 3 -fold dilution) as the injury protection group (SGN+CPZ group). The markers for hepatocellular injury [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] and the antioxidant and oxidative stress markers [glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reactive oxygen species (ROS)] were measured for all groups, and the normal control group, the CPZ group, and the SGN+CPZ group were compared in terms of the mRNA and protein expression levels of the enzymes associated with liver bile salt metabolism and the enzymes associated with hepatic cholestasis. HE staining was performed to observe liver pathology. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the least significant difference t -test was used for further comparison between two groups. Results Compared with the CPZ group, the SGN+CPZ group had significant reductions in the markers for hepatocellular injury ALT, AST, LDH, and ALP (all P < 0.000 1), significant increases in the oxidative stress markers GSH and SOD ( P < 0.000 1 and P < 0.001), and significant reductions in the markers MDA and ROS ( P < 0.000 1 and P < 0.001). Compared with the CPZ group, the SGN+CPZ group had significant reductions in the mRNA expression levels of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and sterol 12α-hydroxylase (CPY8B1) in hepatocytes (all P < 0.001) and significant increases in the mRNA expression levels of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), small heterodimeric partner (SHP), bile salt export pump (BSEP), and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) ( P < 0.000 1, P < 0.01, P < 0.000 1, and P < 0.000 1). HE staining showed that compared with the CPZ group, the SGN+CPZ group had a significant reduction in hepatocyte injury and a significant increase in the number of cells. Conclusion Shuganning injection can alleviate drug-induced cholestatic liver injury caused by chlorpromazine, and it exerts a protective effect by activating FXR in hepatocytes and increasing the expression of SHP to regulate bile salt balance. It also inhibits CYP7A1 and CYP8B1 to reduce the synthesis of hydrophobic bile acids and upregulates the expression of BSEP and MRP2 to promote the excretion of bile salts.

Glasgow coma score combined with optic nerve sheath diameter in predicting the risk of death from cerebrocardiac syndrome / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To explore the value of Glasgow coma score (GCS) combined with optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in predicting the death risk of patients with cerebrocardiac syndrome (CCS).Methods:From January 2021 to September 2021, 83 patients with CCS secondary to severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) in our hospital were collected and divided into a survival group ( n = 37) and death group ( n = 46) according to CCS-related death. The clinical data including age, sex, underlying diseases, head CT imaging manifestations, electrolytes, blood glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme (CKMB), intracranial pressure (ICP), ONSD, cardiac color ultrasound, acute physiology and chronic health evaluationII (APACHEⅡ ) and GCS were analyzed and compared between the two groups. The proportion and dosage of vasoactive drugs used at admission, daily fluid balance volume during hospitalization, total amount of sedative and analgesic drugs, and average daily dose were analyzed and compared between the two groups. The independent risk factors for CCS-related death were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of the independent risk factors in CCS-related death. Results:In this study, 55.4% of the patients died of CCS. The ONSD, ICP change rate, right ventricular Tei index and NSE in the death group were higher than those in the survival group, with statistically significant differences ( P < 0.05), while the GCS in the death group was significantly lower than that in the survival group, with a statistically significant difference ( P < 0.01). ONSD ( OR = 23.890, 95% CI: 5.526-103.286, P < 0.001), GCS ( OR = 17.066, 95% CI: 1.476-197.370, P = 0.023) and ICP change rate ( OR = 0.060, 95% CI: 0.007-0.477, P = 0.008) were the independent risk factors for CCS-related death. The area under the ROC curve (AUC = 0.897) of ONSD combined with GCS in evaluating CCS-related death was larger than that of ONSD, ICP change rate alone and the corresponding AUC of 1/GCS (0.876, 0.785, 0.800, respectively), with the advantages of non-invasive, dynamic monitoring and low inspection costs. Conclusions:The mortality rate of CCS is high. ONSD, GCS and ICP change rates are independently correlated with the death of CCS patients. ONSD combined with GCS is an ideal indicator for clinical prediction of CCS-related death.

An improved crystal embedding method of fetal lung duct casting specimen and its application / 解剖学报

Objective To improve the success rate of crystal embedding of human (animal) pipeline cast specimens for long-term preservation and application of cast specimens better. Methods The selection of embedding mold, specimen fixation, adjustment of the proportion of glue, grinding and polishing were improved, and a crystal embedding model of a fetal lung duct cast specimen was made to explore and optimize the simple and efficient production process of a crystal-embedded human (animal) pipeline casting specimen. Results The crystal model produced after the improvement had great transparency, beautiful shape, no bubbles, and no mold branches broken. The distribution and running of the casted branches of the fetal lung of the crystal model could be observed clearly in the embedded middle fetal lung through any angle and orientation, which was consistent with the cast specimens before embedding, and had a strong sense of three-dimensional space. Conclusion The improved process is better for embedding human (animal) pipeline casting specimens, which is conducive to long-term preservation. It is better for clinical anatomy teaching and exhibition in life science museum.

Efficacy and Safety of the Safe Triangular Working Zone Approach in Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Spinal Metastasis

Objective@#This study aimed to assess the technical feasibility, efficacy, and safety of the safe triangular working zone (STWZ) approach applied in percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) for spinal metastases involving the posterior part of the vertebral body. @*Materials and Methods@#We prospectively enrolled 87 patients who underwent PV for spinal metastasis involving the posterior part of the vertebral body, with or without the STWZ approach, from January 2019 to April 2022. Forty-nine patients (27 females and 22 males; mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 57.2 ± 11.6 years; age range, 31–76 years) were included in group A (with STWZ approach), accounting for 54 vertebrae. Thirty-eight patients (18 females and 20 males; 59.1 ± 10.9 years; 29–81 years) were included in group B (without STWZ approach), accounting for 57 vertebrae. Patient demographics, procedure-related variables, and pain relief as assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) were collected at different time points. Tumor recurrence in the vertebrae after PV was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves. @*Results@#The STWZ approach was successful from T1 to L5 without severe complications. Cement filling was satisfactory in 47/54 (87.0%) and 25/57 (43.9%) vertebrae in groups A and B, respectively (v< 0.001). Cement leakage was not significantly different between groups A and B (p= 1.000). Mean VAS score ± SD before and 1 week and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after PV were 7.6 ± 1.8, 4.2 ± 2.0, 2.7 ± 1.9, 1.9 ± 1.5, 1.7 ± 1.4, 1.7 ± 1.1, and 1.6 ± 1.3, respectively, in group A and 7.2 ± 1.7, 4.0 ± 1.3, 3.4 ± 1.6, 2.4 ± 1.2, 1.8 ± 1.0, 1.4 ± 0.5, and 1.7 ± 0.9, respectively, in group B. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a lower tumor recurrence rate in group A than in group B (p = 0.001). @*Conclusion@#The STWZ approach may represent a new, safe, alternative/auxiliary approach to target the posterior part of the vertebral body in the PV for spinal metastases.

The Effect of MicroRNA-143 on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Leukemia Cell Line U-937 / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of microRNA-143 (miR-143) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and the effect of miR-143 over-expression on the proliferation and apoptosis of AML cells. And to verify the targeting relationship between miR-143 and long non-coding RNA MALAT-1. So as to explore the possible regulatory mechanism of miR-143 in the pathogenesis of AML.@*METHODS@#The expression of miR-143 in bone marrow cells of AML patients was detected by RT-qPCR. After miR-143 was over-expressed in U-937 cell lines, the proliferation of U-937 cell lines was detected by CCK-8, clone formation assay, and flow cytometry. In addition, cell apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining and flow cytometry. At the same time, bioinformatics, RT-qPCR and dual luciferase reporter gene assay were used to predicted and verified the targeting relationship between miR-143 and MALAT-1.@*RESULTS@#Expression of miR-143 in AML patients was significantly lower than those in normal controls. Over-expressed miR-143 could inhibit the proliferation of U-937 cells and promote the apoptosis of the cell. The miR-143 binding site was located on the MALAT-1 RNA sequence, and MALAT-1 was down-regulated in U-937 cells after over-expressed miR-143. However, the expression of miR-143 showed no significantly changed after MALAT-1 silencing.@*CONCLUSION@#Expression of miR-143 in AML patients is lower than that in normal controls. Over-expression of miR-143 can inhibit the proliferation of U-937 cells and promote its apoptosis. And its mechanism may be related to its targe regulation of MALAT-1.

Bone tunnel positions in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction evaluated by three-dimensional CT reconstruction based on Mimics software:modified transtibial versus anteromedial portal technique / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the femoral and tibial tunnel positions of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the modified transtibial (MTT) technique and anteromedial (AM) portal technique.@*METHODS@#Between January 2017 and September 2020, 78 patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture underwent single-bundle reconstruction with the modified transtibial technique in 39 cases (group MTT) and through anteromedial approach in 39 cases (group AM). There were 25 males and 14 females in group MTT, with an average age of (37.0±2.3) years old; 27 males and 12 females in group AM, with an average age of (37.5±2.2) years old. CT scan of the affected knee was conducted one week after the surgery to measure and compare the femoral tunnels positioning (Fx, Fy), tibial tunnels positioning in the frontal plane(Tx1), tibial tunnels positioning in the sagittal plane (Ty1), and tibial tunnels positioning in the axial plane (Tx2, Ty2) in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction through Mimics software.@*RESULTS@#Three-dimensional CT reconstruction after the surgery showed that the average Fx and Fy were(25.2±2.1)% and (34.9±3.0)% respectively and the Tx1 and Ty1 were (45.5±3.3)% and (44.7± 3.0)% respectively, while the Tx2 and Ty2 were (47.0±3.0)% and (39.9±4.2)% respectively in group MTT. In group AM, the average Fx and Fy were (26.0±2.0)% and (36.1±3.9)% respectively and the Tx1 and Ty1 were (46.5±3.1)% and (45.6± 3.1)% respectively, while the Tx2 and Ty2 were (47.4±2.5)% and (39.6±3.9)% respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the femoral and tibial tunnels between the two groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Both the MTT and AM technique can achieve good anatomical positioning of the femoral and tibial tunnels, without significant differences in the positioning of the bone tunnels.

Influence of Entrepreneurs on Pharmaceutical Research and Development Capability of Enterprises Analyzed by Five-element Theory / 中国实验方剂学杂志

With the development of economic globalization and the increasingly complex international competition environment， pharmaceutical research and development has become the most powerful weapon for pharmaceutical companies to cope with the uncertainty of the competitive market. From the perspective of the pharmaceutical industry， based on the five-element theory， the article used the thinking of comparative state to carry out analogy research on the five-element theory and entrepreneur type system. Based on the entrepreneur type system and enterprise management system， the article embedded the enterprise senior management team system， and entrepreneurs were included in the system and assigned roles according to their different characteristics. Then through the analysis of the relationship between different entrepreneurs and the research and development （R&D） directors， the article expounded the influence of different types of entrepreneurs on the R&D process. The purpose of this study is to provide different types of entrepreneurs with management solutions for pharmaceutical R&D innovation and internal collaborative management， which is conducive to the analysis of advantages and disadvantages of entrepreneurs based on their own characteristics， and can effectively improve their ability of internal resource integration and independent innovation in drug R&D.

Chemical constituents from the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera and their anti-inflammatory activities / 中国中药杂志

Thirteen compounds were isolated and purified from the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora by the macroporous resin,silica gel,and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. Those compounds were further identified by IR,UV,MS,and NMR techniques:( 2 S)-1-( 3″,4″-methylenedioxy phenyl)-3-( 2',6'-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-propan-2-ol( 1),( 2 R,3 R)-5,7-dimethoxy-3',4'-methylenedioxy flavanol( 2),9-hydroxysesamin( 3),sesamin( 4),piperitol( 5),kobusin( 6),(-)-aptosimon( 7),acuminatolide( 8),1β,11-dihydroxy-5-eudesmene( 9),lasiodiplodin( 10),vanillin( 11),p-hydroxybenzaldehyde( 12),and p-hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester( 13). Compound 1 was a novel compound,and compounds 2,6,7,9 and 10 were isolated from Cinnamomum plants for the first time. Compounds 4,7 and 10 were found to possess good inhibitory effect on IL-6 production in LPS-induced BV2 cells at a concentration of 20 μmol·L-1 in the in vitro bioassay,with inhibition rates of 51. 26% ± 4. 13%,67. 82% ± 3. 77% and85. 81%±1. 19%,respectively.

p21 gene knockout aggravates radiation-induced heart disease in vivo / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To investigate the role of p21 gene in the radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) and to evaluate the effect on p21 gene knockout on RIHD phenotype in mouse models.Methods:p21 -/-mice were utilized in the experimental group, and p21 + /-mice were allocated in the control group. RIHD mouse models were established by exposure to 10 Gy whole heart irradiation by using a small animal radiation research platform. The heart samples were collected at 6 weeks after irradiation, the gross specimens were measured and subject to HE staining. The wall thickness and left ventricular ejection fraction of the mice were detected by the Vevo2100 ultrasound imaging system. The hypoxia in cardiac tissues was detected by the hypoxia probe method. The apoptosis of cardiac cells was determined by Tunel method. Results:Compared with the p21 + /-mice, the survival of p21 -/-mice was significantly shortened ( P=0.004), the interventricular septum was significantly thinned during the diastolic and systolic phases ( P=0.049, P=0.006), the left ventricular posterior wall was remarkably thickened ( P<0.001) and the left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly decreased ( P=0.004). The gross heart tissue was enlarged in the p21 -/-mice. HE staining showed the aggregation of inflammatory cells in cardiac tissues and disordered arrangement of myocardial cells. Significant hypoxia and apoptosis could be observed in the p21 -/-mouse heart tissues. Conclusions:p21 -/-mice are prone to more severe RIHD after irradiation, manifested with shortened cardiac survival, weakened cardiac function, abnormal cardiac structure, hypoxia and apoptosis of cardiac tissues. p21 plays an important role in the repair after cardiac irradiation.

Value of high resolution magnetic resonance imaging for preoperative evaluation of Denonvilliers fascia in patients with rectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: Total mesorectal excision (TME) is the gold standard for surgical treatment of mid-low rectal cancer, but the postoperative incidence of urination and sexual dysfunction is relatively high. Preserving the Denonvilliers fascia (DF) during TME can reduce the postoperative incidence of urination and sexual dysfunction. In this study, high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to observe the imaging performance and display of DF, so as to determine the value of this technique in preoperative evaluation of the preservation of DF. Methods: A descriptive cohort study was carried out. Clinical data of patients with rectal cancer who underwent TME and received preoperative high-resolution MRI at department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from August 2015 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The characteristics of DF were examined, and the shortest distance (d) between the anterior edge of tumor and DF was measured on high-resolution MRI. The distance d was compared between patients with stage T1-T2 and those with stage T3. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the predictive value of d for stage T1-T2 disease. Results: Thirty-two patients were enrolled in the study, including 27 males and 5 females with mean age of (62.9±8.9) years. DF was visualized in 96.9% (31/32) of cases on the T2WI sequence. The mean distance d in patients with stage T1-T2 disease (n=23) was (6.73±2.65) mm, and in those with stage T3 disease (n=9) was (1.30±1.15) mm (t=5.893, P<0.001). A cutoff of d >3 mm yielded specificity and positive predictive value for diagnosing stage T1-T2 disease of both 100%, sensitivity of 95.7% and negative predictive value of 90%. The optimum threshold of d was >3.05 mm, and Youden index was 0.957. Conclusions: High-resolution MRI can show the DF and accurately evaluate the relationship of DF with tumor in rectal cancer patients. Analysis on d value can provide an objective basis for the safe preservation of DF.

Research on Development Strategies of Traditional Chinese Medicine Enterprises Based on SWOT Analysis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as the unique health resources, huge potential economic resources, scientific and technological resources with original advantages, excellent cultural resources and important ecological resources, has made remarkable achievements in Chinese economic and social development in recent years. However, there are still some problems in the reform and development of TCM, especially the lack of willingness to innovate and low ability in commercialization of research and development findings in such companies. Meanwhile, the globalization level of TCM is not high. All these problems have seriously restricted the overall development of TCM. Taking TCM enterprises as the research object, this paper uses SWOT analysis to carry out comprehensive strategic analysis on its advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and risks. It is concluded that TCM enterprises in China should focus on research and development of classical formula compound preparations and innovative TCM products, and then propose product development and innovation strategies.

Impact of splenectomy on hemorheology and portal vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To study the changes in hemorheology in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension before and after splenectomy.Methods:The data on cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension and hypersplenism who underwent splenectomy from January 2018 to May 2019 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine was analyzed. The hemorheology indexes were monitored during the perioperative period, and portal vein thrombosis was monitored by Color Doppler ultrasound.Results:A total of 30 patients were included, including 18 males and 12 females; aged 12.0-62.0 (31.7±14.0) years. One week after splenectomy, portal vein thrombosis was found in all the patients and it disappeared after heparin treatment. The leukocyte and bilirubin levels significantly improved after splenectomy ( P<0.05). The viscosity of high, medium and low cut blood, platelet and D-dimer significantly increased ( P<0.05). Conclusions:After splenectomy, blood viscosity and platelets of cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension and hypersplenism increased, and portal vein thrombosis formed easily.

Observation of curative effect of soft channel minimally invasive treatment for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and its influence on serum IL-18, VEGF, CRP and TNF-α in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effect of soft channel minimally invasive treatment on hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) and its influence on serum interleukin-18 (IL-18), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).Methods:From April 2017 to April 2019, 82 patients with HICH admitted to Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were randomly divided into observation group (41 cases) and control group (41 cases) according to random number table method.The control group was treated with hard channel minimally invasive treatment, while the observation group was treated with soft channel minimally invasive treatment.The therapeutic effect, intracranial hematoma volume, serum levels of IL-18, VEGF, CRP and TNF-α before and 7 days after operation, neurological deficit degree (NIHSS) scores before and 3 months after operation, and complications after operation were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group (92.68%) was higher than that of the control group (70.73%) (χ 2=6.609, P<0.05). The amount of intracranial hematoma in the observation group [(4.03±1.10)mL] was lower than that in the control group [(7.17±1.36)mL] ( t=11.495, P<0.05). At 7 d after operation, the serum levels of IL-18[(123.74±10.27)ng/L], VEGF[(113.28±12.10)ng/L], CRP[(17.83±3.20)mg/L] and TNF-α[(0.65±0.12)ng/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(150.38±13.21)ng/L, (141.63±16.87)ng/L, (29.96±4.53)mg/L and (1.09±0.17)ng/L] ( t=11.638, 9.101, 13.831, 5.569, all P<0.05). The NIHSS score of the observation group[(16.53±3.19)points] was lower than that of the control group[(23.43±4.65)points] at 3 months after operation ( t=7.824, P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group (12.20%) was lower than that in the control group (34.15%) (χ 2=5.549, P<0.05). Conclusion:Soft channel minimally invasive treatment for HICH has good effect and can reduce the changes of serum levels of IL-18, VEGF, CRP and TNF-α.

Synthesis and antitumor activity of fluoroquinolone C-3 arylidene thiazolone derivatives from ciprofloxacin / 药学学报

To expand an efficient strategy for the conversion of antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolones into an antitumor activity, sixteen new compounds, 1-cyclopropyl-6- fluoro-7-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-3-(5-arylidene-thiazol-4(5H)-one-2-yl)-quinolon-4(1H)-ones (7a-7p), were designed and synthesized with a thiazolone ring and an arylidene moiety as an isostere and modified group, respectively, from ciprofloxacin. Their structures were characterized by elemental analysis and spectral data. The in vitro antitumor activity of the synthesized compounds were measured using Hep-3B, Capan-1 and HL60 cell lines and were found to be more potent than ciprofloxacin. Meanwhile, the SAR revealed that the halogenated phenyl compounds such as fluorophenyl (7h, 7i), chlorophenyl (7j, 7k) or bromophenyl compounds (7l, 7m), and aromatic heterocyclic substitution such as furyl (6n) or pyridyl compounds (6o, 6p) displayed better activity than the control compounds, especially the IC50 values of pyridyl compounds 6o and 6p against Capan-1 cell growth was comparable to doxorubicin. Thus, an arylidene-modified thiazolone scaffold as the replacement of the C-3 carboxylic acid group appears to be an alternative route for an improved antitumor activity of fluoroquinolones.