Unilateral lingual nerve and hypoglossal nerve injury caused by a novel laryngeal mask airway: a case report

Abstract Cranial nerve injury by a laryngeal mask airway is rare but a serious complication. The nerve injuries must be prevented during the intubation using a laryngeal mask airway. We report a female patient who complained of tongue numbness, slurred speech, and slight difficulty in swallowing solid food after a hand surgery. She was then diagnosed with unilateral lingual nerve and hypoglossal nerve injuries. Extreme head rotation, relatively small oral cavity, and wide rigid composition at the lower part of the novel laryngeal mask probably resulted in cranial nerve injury.

The Cross-talk between ROS and p38MAPKα in the Ex Vivo Expanded Human Umbilical Cord Blood CD133+ Cells / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study investigated the correlation between and compared the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase a (p38MAPKα) in the ex vivo expanded umbilical cord blood (hUCB) CD133+ cells.hUCB CD133+ cells were cultured in the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) culture medium with N-acetylcysteine (NAC,an anti-oxidant),p38MAPKα-specific inhibitor (SB203580) or their combination.The levels of ROS and expression of phosphorylated p38MAPKα (p-p38) in CD133+ cells were flow cytometrically detected.The efficacy of ex vivo expansion was evaluated by the density of CD 133+ cell sub-group colony-forming cells (CFC) and cobblestone area-forming cells (CAFC) assay.Our results showed decreased ROS levels in NAC,SB203580,and their combination treatment groups were almost 37％,48％,and 85％,respectively.Furthermore,SB203580 abrogated the activation of p38MAPKα more obviously than NAC.Moreover,the CD133+ cells in SB203580 treatment group had a 21.93±1.36-fold increase,and 14.50±1.19-fold increase in NAC treatment group,but only 10.13±0.57-fold increase in control group.In addition,SB203580 treatment led a higher level increase in the number of CFU and CAFC than NAC did.These findings suggested that,in expanded CD133+ cells,ROS activates p38MAPKα,which,in turn,induces ROS production,and p38MAPKα might be the most suitable regulator in ROS- p38MAPKα pathway for the promotion ofHSCs ex vivo expansion.