Trajetórias de local de moradia, estudo e trabalho dos jovens brasileiros entre 2003 e 2011: uma análise de entropia / Young Brazilians housing, education and work trajectories between 2003 and 2011: an entropy analysis / Trayectorias de vivienda, estudio y trabajo de los jóvenes brasileños entre 2003 y 2011: un análisis de entropía

Diversos estudos mostram que, em vários países, incluindo o Brasil, o período que os jovens permanecem na casa dos pais aumentou constantemente entre 1970 e 2000. O presente trabalho analisa a decisão dos jovens de sair da casa dos pais, a saída da escola e a entrada no mercado de trabalho, com o objetivo de identificar se o bom desempenho da economia brasileira entre 2003 e 2011 promoveu a aceleração dessas transições para a vida adulta. Utilizando os microdados da PNAD, calculou-se a proporção de jovens de 15 a 34 anos de áreas metropolitanas que moram com os pais, que estudam e que trabalham. Em seguida, utiliza-se a análise de entropia com o objetivo de analisar essas três dimensões conjuntamente. Os resultados sugerem uma quebra com o paradigma do prolongamento da juventude amplamente discutido nas últimas décadas: houve uma aceleração da transição para a vida adulta no período analisado...

Abstract Academic evidence from all over the world, including Brazil, show that young people have increasingly delayed the decision of leaving their parents' house since the seventies. This paper studies the decision of young people regarding living with their parents, studying and working. Our goal is to evaluate how young people's transition to adulthood changed due to a growing economy between 2003 and 2011. Using the National Household Sample Surveys (PNADs) of 2003 and 2011, we calculate the proportion of people between 15 and 34 years in metropolitan areas living with parents, studying and working. The fraction of young people living with their parents didn't change significantly during 2003 and 2011, there was a drop in school attendance and the proportion of workers among young people increased. In order to access the interplay of these three dimensions we perform an entropy analysis. Our results suggest a reversal of the pattern of extending youth, which has been vastly debated over the last decades...

Resumen En todo el mundo, Brasil incluso, varios estudios demuestran que el periodo que los jóvenes permanecen en la casa de sus padres ha aumentado entre los años 1970 y 2000. Utilizando los microdatos de la PNAD (Encuesta Nacional de Hogares por Muestreo) de los años 2003 y 2011, se estiman las la proporción de jóvenes entre 15 y 34 años de edad en las áreas metropolitanas que viven con los padres, estudian y trabajan. La proporción de jóvenes que viven con sus padres no ha cambiado significativamente entre 2003 y 2011, hubo una disminución de la asistencia a la escuela en esta cohorte y un aumento en la proporción de trabajadores entre los jóvenes. Luego se realizó un análisis de la entropía con el objetivo de analizar estas tres dimensiones conjuntamente. Los resultados sugieren una ruptura con el paradigma de la prolongación de la juventud ampliamente discutido en las últimas décadas...

Percutaneous closure of ductus arteriosus with the amplatzer prosthesis. The Brazilian experience

OBJECTIVE - To report the results of percutaneous occlusion of persistent ductus arteriosus with the Amplatzer prosthesis in 2 Brazilian cardiological centers. METHODS - From May 1998 to July 2000, 33 patients with clinical and laboratory diagnosis of persistent ductus arteriosus underwent attempts at percutaneous implantation of the Amplatzer prosthesis. The median age was 36 months (from 6 months to 38 years), and the median weight was 14kg (from 6 to 92kg). Sixteen patients (48.5 percent) were under 2 years of age at the time of the procedure. All patients were followed up with periodical clinical and echocardiographic evaluations to assess the presence and degree of residual shunt and possible complications, such as pseudocoarctation of the aorta and left pulmonary artery stenosis. RESULTS - The minimum diameter of the arterial ducts ranged from 2.5 to 7.0mm (mean of 4.0+/-1.0, median of 3.9). The rate of success for implantation of the prosthesis was 100 percent. Femoral pulse was lost in 1 patient. The echocardiogram revealed total closure prior to hospital discharge in 30 patients, and in the follow-up visit 3 months later in the 3 remaining patients. The mean follow-up duration was 6.4+/-3.4 months. All patients were clinically well, asymptomatic, and did not need medication. No patient had narrowing of the left pulmonary artery or of the aorta. No early or late embolic events occurred, nor did infectious endarteritis. A new hospital admission was not required for any patient. CONCLUSION - The Amplatzer prosthesis for persistent ductus arteriosus is safe and highly effective for occlusion of ductus arteriosus of varied diameters, including large ones in small symptomatic infants

O anestesista e a criança com cardiopatia / The anaesthesiologist and the child with heart disease

O planejamento da técnica anestésica em pacientes portadores de cardiopatias congênitas e os cuidados per-operatórios que exigem um grande conhecimento do status pré-operatório de cada paciente. A fisiopatologia básica de cada grupo de enfermidades deve ser cuidadosamente estudada, prevendo o impacto que as drogas anestésicas em cada situação particular