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70% to 80% of people with diabetes died from cardiovascular complications, which had become the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients are mainly associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction and poor neovascularization. Its important influencing factors are changes in the number of endothelial progenitor cells and dysfunction. Hyperglycemia in diabetic patients can cause endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction, inhibit its proliferation ability, angiogenesis ability and paracrine effect. In order to provide research ideas for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients, this article aims to review the relevant mechanism of the effect of hyperglycemia on the number and function of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with diabetes, and the application of endothelial progenitor cells in the treatment of diabetic cardiovascular disease.
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Objective To evaluate the value of endoscopic ultrasonography( EUS) alone for early liver cirrhosis and the diagnostic efficacy of EUS combined with liver histopathology ( LH) and liver stiffness measurement ( LSM) for early liver cirrhosis. Methods Data of 226 patients with chronic liver lesions who underwent endoscopy and EUS at Tianjin Second People's Hospital were collected to assess esophageal and gastric varices. Liver fibrosis was assessed by LH and LSM was determined by Fibroscan. Models of EUS-LSM, EUS-LH, LSM-LH, ELL ( EUS, LSM and LH) were constructed to predict early liver cirrhosis. The ROC curve and AUROC were used to evaluate the efficacy of different models in the diagnosis of early liver cirrhosis. Results A total of 149 patients were diagnosed as chronic liver disease and 77 patients were diagnosed as early liver cirrhosis ( Child-Pugh A grade) by clinical evaluation. Ratio of varices found by EUS was significantly higher than that by endoscopy [ 68. 8％ ( 53/77) VS 32. 5％ ( 25/77) , P<0. 05] . The cut-off value was 8. 65 kPa by LSM to predict early liver cirrhosis. Pseudolobules were confirmed by LH in 42 ( 54. 5％) patients in the early liver cirrhosis group. The AUROC of ELL was 0. 919 ( 95％CI: 0. 875-0. 951),sensitivity=0. 792,specificity=0. 913,PPV=0. 824,NPV=0. 895,+LR=9. 08,-LR=0. 23, accuracy=0. 872, and ELL was superior to EUS ( P<0. 0001) , LSM ( P<0. 0001) , LH ( P<0. 0001) , EUS-LSM (P<0. 0001), EUS-LH (P=0. 0134) and LSM-LH (P=0. 0022) in the diagnosis of early liver cirrhosis. Conclusion EUS is superior to endoscopy in detecting the varices for early liver cirrhosis. Combination of EUS with LSM and LH can improve diagnostic efficacy for early liver cirrhosis.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of miR-7-5p in TK6 cell damage induced by hydroquinone( HQ) by constructing stable miR-7-5p over-expressing human lymphoblastoid TK6 cell line using lentivirus. METHODS: i) The miR-7-5p over-expression lentivirus vectors were constructed,and then infected to TK6 cells. The miR-7-5p overexpression stable TK6 cell line( TK6-miR-7-5p cells) and negative control cells( TK6-NC cells) were selected with puromycin. The infection efficiency was confirmed by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay.ii) TK6,TK6-NC and TK6-miR-7-5p cells were treated with HQ at final concentrations of 0 and 40 μmol/L for 48 hours.Cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay. The early apoptosis rate of cells was detected by flow cytometry. The relative expression of poly( ADP-ribose) polymerase-1( PARP-1) and breast cancer susceptibility gene 1( BRCA1) proteins in 3 kinds of cells treated with HQ at the final concentration of 40 μmol/L was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: i) The TK6 cell line with stable expression of miR-7-5p were successfully screened. Compared with normal TK6 cells,the relative expression of miR-7-5p in TK6-miR-7-5p cells increased by about 17 times( P < 0. 01) with no significant changes in cell morphology. ii) After treatment with 40 μmol/L HQ,the survival rate of TK6-miR-7-5p cells decreased compared with normal TK6 cells and TK6-NC cells( P < 0. 01),early apoptosis rate increased( P < 0. 01),the relative expression of PARP-1 and BRCA1 protein was decreased( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: MiR-7-5p may lead to the increase of early apoptosis in TK6 cells induced by HQ through inhibiting the DNA damage repair capacity related to PARP-1 and BRCA1.