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Objective:To analyze the clinical application and main roles of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (CPET) in patients with lung cancer based on the theory of the World Health Organization Family International Classifications (WHO-FICs). Methods:An evidence-based scoping review was implemented. Literatures related to the applications of CPET in patients with lung cancer were retrieved, from databases including PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang data; from January, 2013 to April, 2021. The indications, contraindications, motor dysfunction, pulmonary rehabilitation interventions, evaluation methods and indicators, and the environment factors of CPET applicated in patients with lung cancer was reviewed based on WHO-FICs framework. Results:This paper analyzed the included literatures from five aspects: the type of disease, functioning, pulmonary rehabilitation exercise interventions, functioning evaluation and environment factors. The major diseases included different pathological types of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (2C25), and the most common complication of lung cancer was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (CA22). The obstacles of CPET conducted in lung cancer patients mainly included physical structure and functional activities and participation obstacles. Pulmonary rehabilitation based on the CPET was divided into therapeutic, preventive and health promotion interventions. The evaluation tools and indicators were oxygen intake, carbon dioxide output, oxygen pulse, heart rate, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, Borg Scale, 6-minute Walking Test, the MOS Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), etc. The classification and description of environmental factors were provided. Conclusion:The application of CPET in lung cancer mainly included preoperative evaluation and prognosis prediction, exercise prescription formulation and exercise effect assessment, anti-cancer treatment impact assessment. Based on WHO-FICs theory system, the applications of CPET mainly involved NSCLC, and COPD was the most common complication of lung cancer. Pulmonary rehabilitation for lung cancer is function- and demand-oriented. Based on CPET evaluation results, individualized therapeutic, preventive and health promotion interventions are conducted to improve the overall function and optimize the health outcomes of patients with lung cancer.
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Objective: To study the chemical constituents of agarwood originating from Aquilaria crassna in Cambodia. Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and semi-preparetive HPLC and so on. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic data. All compounds were tested for cytotoxic activities against two human cancer cell lines by MTT method. Results: Four compounds were isolated and elucidated as 6-methoxy-8-hydroxy-2-(2-phenylethyl) chromone (1), 6-methoxy-7-hydroxy-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethyl] chromone (2), 7β,8β-epoxy-6α-hydroxy-5α-methoxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-[2-(4- methoxyphenyl) ethyl] chromone (3), and rel-(1aR,2R,3R,7bS)-5,6-epoxy-7,8-dihydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethyl] chromone (4). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound, while compounds 2-4 are isolated from this agarwood for the first time. Among them, compound 4 showed inhibitory activities against SGC-7901 and A549 cells.