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AIM:To observe the clinical effect of ranibizumab combined with 577nm micropulse laser in the treatment of severe diabetic macular edema(DME). METHODS:There were 52 eyes of 52 patients diagnosed with severe DME who admitted to the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from June 2016 to September 2019. The patients were randomly divided into the observation group(26 patients with 26 eyes, treated with ranibizumab combined with 577nm micropulse laser)and the control group(26 patients with 26 eyes, treated with ranibizumab alone). Patients in both groups received intravitreal injection of ranibizumab with “3+PRN” regimen. Followed up at 9mo after treatment to observe the central macular thickness(CMT), the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and the times of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab in the two groups.RESULTS:Compared with before treatment, the CMT and BCVA of the two groups were significantly improved at each time point after treatment(all P<0.001), but there was no difference between the two groups(P>0.05). During the follow-up period, the times of vitreous injection of ranibizumabin the observation group was significantly less than that in the control group(5.88±1.24 times vs 7.12±1.24 times, P=0.001). CONCLUSION:Both ranibizumab combined with 577nm micropulse laser and ranibizumab alone are effective in reducing edema and improving vision in patients with severe DME, but the combination therapy reduces the times of injection.
RESUMO
Objective To investigate the resistances of larva and adult of Aedes albopictus to common insecticides in a county of Jining City, after the dengue fever outbreak in 2017, and to provide scientific support for rational use of insecticides. Methods The insecticide resistance was tested with exposure tubes for adult mosquitoes and dipping method for larvae.After collecting the larvae and breeding for one generation, the resistances of larvae were determined with the late third-instar or early fourth-instar larvae, and the resistance of adults was tested with the female mosquitoes at 3-5 days post eclosion. Results The insecticides mainly used in the county of Jining City in 2018 were pyrethroids such as permethrin, β-cyhalothrin, α-cypermethrin, and organic phosphorus pesticides such as phoxim.The median lethal concentration (LC50) values in the larva to temephos, deltamethrin, permethrin, beta-cypermethrin were 0.006 mg/L(RR=3.75), 0.021 mg/L(RR=52.50)、0.209 mg/L(RR=104.50)、0.016 mg/L (RR=17.78), with the lowest resistance to temephos and the highest to permethrin.Adult mosquitoes were sensitive to permethrin, with a knockdown rate of 97.62% and a mortality rate of 100%.When exposed to propoxur and malathion, the knockdown rates were 97.06% and 91.89%, the mortality rates were 97.06% and 93.24%.Aedes albopictus larvae were resistant to deltamethrin, α-cypermethrin, β-cyhalothrin, β-cypermethrin, with the knockdown rates of 88.00%, 95.31%, 91.04%, 97.10%, and the mortality rates were all less than 80.00%. Conclusion The larvae and adult mosquitoes of Aedes albopictus in the county of Jining City have developed different degrees of resistance to commonly used insecticides.The resistance should be under regular monitoring and the use of insecticides should be scientific and rational to delay the resistance production.