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1.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 30(4): 88-92, dic. 2019. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1096793

RESUMO

Introducción: Las lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales de alto grado anales (H-ASIL) son consideradas el precursor del carcinoma escamoso anal. Es por esto que distintas Sociedades recomiendan su pesquisa y tratamiento en poblaciones de alto riesgo. El objetivo del trabajo es describir las manifestaciones de H-ASIL en la anoscopía de alta resolución (AAR) en nuestros pacientes. Diseño: Retrospectivo, descriptivo. Pacientes y métodos: Revisión de historias clínicas e imágenes de AAR de pacientes con diagnóstico de H-ASIL entre enero de 2016 y julio de 2017. La evaluación anoscópica incluyó la unión escamocolumnar, el conducto anal distal y el área perianal. Frente al hallazgo de una lesión sospechosa de ASIL, se tomaron biopsias. Resultados: Entre enero de 2016 y julio de 2017 se realizaron 184 AAR. Se biopsiaron 143 lesiones sospechosas de ASIL. Veintiséis de ellas, presentes en 13 pacientes fueron H-ASIL. Once hombres (diez hombres que tienen sexo con hombre (HSH) con infección por VIH). Todas las lesiones eran subclínicas y se encontraron a nivel endoanal; eran en su totalidad acetoblancas. Se buscaron áreas con puntillado y/o mosaico sugestivas de ASIL. El uso de Lugol nos permitió aumentar el grado de sospecha y delimitar las lesiones. Se tomaron biopsias para anatomía patológica bajo visión directa. Conclusiones: Las H-ASIL son consideradas en la actualidad las precursoras del carcinoma escamoso anal; su detección y tratamiento prevendrían su desarrollo. En nuestra casuística, todos los pacientes se encontraban en al menos un grupo de riesgo. Las lesiones fueron subclínicas y requirieron de la anoscopía de alta resolución para su hallazgo, lo que permitió realizar un tratamiento dirigido. Es importante que los profesionales de la salud consideren la pesquisa de H-ASIL en población de riesgo. (AU)


Introduction: The high-grade anal intraepithelial lesions (H-ASIL) are considered the precursor of the anal squamous cell carcinoma. This is why different societies recommend the screening and treatment in high-risk populations. The objective of this paper is to describe H-ASIL manifestations in the high resolution anoscopy (HRA) in our patients. Design: Retrospective, Descriptive Patients and Methods: Review of clinical histories and pictures of HRA of patients with H-ASIL diagnosis between January 2016 and July 2017. The anoscopic evaluation included the squamocolumnar junction, the distal anal duct and the perianal area. In case of the finding of a suspicious lesion of ASIL, biopsies were taken. Results: Between January 2016 and July 2017 184 HRA were performed. 143 ASIL suspicious lesion were biopsied. Twentysix of them, in 13 patients, were H-ASIL. Eleven were men (10 men who have sex with men with HIV infection). All lesions were subclinical and found at endoanal level. The totality of them were acetowhite. Areas with coarse punctation and a mosaic pattern were suggestive of ASIL. The use of lugol´s iodine allows us to increase the grade of suspect and delimit the lesions. Biopsies were taken for pathology under direct vision. Conclusion: The H-ASIL are considered at the present the precursors of the anal squamous carcinoma. Its development could be prevented with de proper detection and treatment of the H-ASIL. In our casuistic, all patients are in at least one risk group. The lesions were subclinical and required of the high resolution anoscopy for their finding, which allows to perform a directed treatment. It is important that health professionals consider the H-ASIL screening in risk population. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Neoplasias do Ânus/prevenção & controle , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/prevenção & controle , Proctoscopia/métodos , Teste de Papanicolaou/métodos , Lesões Intraepiteliais Escamosas/diagnóstico , Canal Anal/patologia , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/terapia , Infecções por HIV , Programas de Rastreamento , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Homossexualidade Masculina , Infecções por Papillomavirus , Diagnóstico Precoce , Lesões Intraepiteliais Escamosas/terapia
2.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 30(2): 51-56, Jun. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1025473

RESUMO

Introducción: La incontinencia anal es una compleja y devastadora patología que altera la calidad de vida de los pacientes, cuya etiología más común es la lesión esfintérica postparto vaginal. A la hora de clasificar la incontinencia, el score descripto por Jorge y Wexner es el más utilizado en nuestro medio. La ecografía endoanal ha sido definida como el gold standard para evaluar los defectos del esfínter anal. Objetivo: Determinar la correlación entre los hallazgos clínicos y ecográficos en pacientes con incontinencia fecal de causa obstétrica. Material y Métodos: Población: pacientes que consultaron en el Centro Privado de Cirugía y Coloproctología entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2017 por incontinencia fecal con antecedentes de trauma obstétrico y a las que se les realizó una ecografía endoanal 360° y score de Jorge y Wexner. Resultados: Se evaluaron 24 pacientes. La media de edad fue de 56 años. El número de partos en promedio fue 2,3 y el Score de Wexner en promedio fue 9.7 (±5.2). La ecografía endoanal confirmó alteración esfintérica por afinamiento o interrupción en el 100% de los pacientes. Se observó una tendencia a una asociación negativa entre el Score de Wexner y la ecografía endoanal (r=-0.328, p=0.067). Las pacientes con menor grado de lesión esfinteriana por ecografía tenían mayor severidad en el Score de Wexner que las pacientes con mayor grado de lesión. Las pacientes con evidencia ecográfica de lesiones leves refirieron un mayor Score de Wexner que aquellas con lesiones severas. Conclusión: En este trabajo no existió correlación entre los hallazgos ecográficos y el score de incontinencia. Si bien la ecografía esfintérica es el gold standard para evaluar daño muscular, la terapéutica no debe ser determinada solamente por la ecografía. Tipo de estudio: Retrospectivo, transversal y descriptivo.


Introduction: Anal incontinence is a complex and devastating pathology that alters the patient's quality of life, whose most common etiology is vaginal postpartum sphincter injury. To classify incontinence, the score described by Jorge and Wexner is the most used in our environment. Endoanal ultrasound has been defined as the gold standard for evaluating anal sphincter defects. Objective: To determine the correlation between clinical and ultrasound findings in patients with fecal incontinence due to obstetric cause. Material and Methods: Population: patients who consulted at the Private Center of Surgery and Coloproctology between January 2015 and December 2017 due to fecal incontinence with a history of obstetric trauma and who underwent a 360º endoanal ultrasound and a Jorge and Wexner score. Results: Twenty-four patients were evaluated. The average age was 56 years. The number of births on average was 2.3 and the Wexner Score on average was 9.7 (± 5.2). Endoanal ultrasound confirmed sphincter alteration by refining or interruption in 100% of patients. A tendency to a negative association was observed between the Wexner Score and the endoanal ultrasound (r = -0.328, p = 0.067). Patients with a lower degree of sphincter injury by ultrasound had greater severity in the Wexner Score than patients with a higher degree of injury. Patients with ultrasound evidence of mild lesions reported a higher Wexner Score than those with severe lesions. Conclusion: In this work, there was no correlation between the sonographic findings and the incontinence score. Although sphincter ultrasonography is the gold standard for assessing muscle damage, therapy should not be determined only by ultrasound. Type of study: Retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Canal Anal/lesões , Canal Anal/diagnóstico por imagem , Endossonografia/métodos , Incontinência Fecal/etiologia , Fatores de Risco , Incontinência Fecal/diagnóstico por imagem , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto
3.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 30(1): 19-26, mar. 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1023670

RESUMO

Introducción: La hemorroidopexia con sutura mecánica, es una técnica eficaz para los prolapsos hemorroidales grado III y IV. Objetivo: Describir nuestra experiencia con dicho método. Material y métodos: Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, retrospectivo sobre una base de datos cargada en forma prospectiva. Se analizaron pacientes con hemorroides grado III y IV, en quienes se realizó hemorroidopexia con PPH- 03, desde enero del 2010 hasta diciembre de 2017. Se evaluaron las variables demográficas, las complicaciones y el grado de satisfacción. Se realizó seguimiento postoperatorio semanal, a los 15 días, al mes, a los 6 meses y finalmente un control telefónico. Resultados: Se estudiaron 452 pacientes. La edad media fue de 46 años (rango: 20-75), siendo el 63% (n=291) del sexo masculino. El 84% (n=387) presentaban hemorroides grado III. El índice de complicación fue del 25% (n=115) durante el periodo de seguimiento, en el postoperatorio inmediato, 60 (52%) pacientes presentaron un evento considerado como complicación, y 55 (48%) pacientes presentaron complicaciones mediatas y tardías. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron: dolor en 37 (8%) de los pacientes, seguida por proctorragía en 18 casos (4%) y trombosis hemorroidal externa en 15 pacientes (3,3%). (AU)


Background: Hemorrhoidopexy with mechanical suture is an effective technique for hemorrhoidal prolapses grade III and IV. Objective: Describe our experience with this method. Material and methods: A descriptive, retrospective analysis was performed on a prospectively loaded database. Patients with grade III and IV hemorrhoids were analyzed, in whom hemorrhoidopexy was performed with PPH-03, from January 2010 to December 2017. Demographic variables, complications and degree of satisfaction were evaluated. Weekly postoperative follow-up was performed at 15 days, at month, at 6 months and finally a telephone control. Results: 452 patients were studied. The average age was 46 years (range,: 20 - 75), being 63% (n = 291) of the male sex. 84% (n = 387) had grade III hemorrhoids. The complication rate was 25% (n = 115) during the follow-up period, in the immediate postoperative period, 60 (52%). The most frequent complications were: pain in 37 (8%) patients, follow-up by proctorrhagia in 18 cases (4%) and hemorrhoidal thrombosis external in 15 patients (3.3%). (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Técnicas de Sutura , Hemorroidectomia/métodos , Hemorroidas/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Reoperação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Seguimentos , Prolapso Retal/cirurgia , Satisfação do Paciente , Assistência ao Convalescente
17.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 25(2): 59-63, Jun. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-908232

RESUMO

Introducción: la endometriosis se define como la presencia de tejido endometrial fuera de la cavidad uterina. Pacientes y método: dos pacientes de entre 30 y 40 años que consultan por tumoracion perianal de aparicion ciclica asociada a dolor en dicha zona. Como método de estudio se realizó, en ambos casos, ecografía endorrectal de 360º, evidenciando imagen hipoecoica en región anterolateral derecha en contacto con el esfínter anal externo. Se realizó la resección completa de la masa, de la cicatriz de la episiotomía y de haces del esfinter anal externo, con plicatura simultánea del mismo. La anatomía patológica confirmó el diagnóstico. Se realizó seguimiento de las pacientes por el plazo de 15 y 84 meses. No se evidenciaron complicaciones postoperatorias o recidiva de la tumoración en ninguno de los casos. Discusión: la localización perianal es altamente infrecuente (0,3%) y mas aún el compromiso esfinteriano (0.18%). Suelen aparecer luego de la episiotomi´a o laceracio´n durante el parto. La ecografía 360º permite evaluar la extensión de la lesión y el compromiso de los esfínteres. La resección amplia del endometrioma con márgenes de tejido normal (entre 0,5 – 1 cm) es la mejor opción para la curación de la enfermedad, aunque puede causar incontinencia por resección del esfinter afectado, pudiendo necesitar la realización de una esfinteroplastía. Conclusión: la endometriosis de localización perianal es un padecimiento poco frencuente y de dificil diagnóstico. El tratamiento de elección es el quirúrgico. Incluyendo la masa completa con márgenes libres y la cicatriz de la episiotomía.


Background: endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity. Patients and method: two patients between 30 and 40 years old consulting for perianal lump of cyclic emergence associated with pain in that area. The study method for both cases was a 360º transrectal ultrasound, showing an hypoecogenic image in then anterolateral region, in contact with the external anal sphincter. A complete resection of the mass, the episiotomy scar and beams of the external anal sphincter was performed, with simultaneous plication. Anatomopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. The follow-up periods were 15 and 84 months. There were no apparent postop complications or recurrence of the tumor in any of the cases. Discussion: the perianal localization is highly uncommon (0.3%) and even more, the sphincter involvement (0.18%). They usually appear after episiotomy or laceration during delivery. 360 ultrasound allows to evaluate the extent of the injury and the commitment of the sphincters. Wide resection of the endometrioma with normal tissue margins (between 0.5 - 1 cm) is the best choice for the cure of the disease, although it can cause incontinence by resection of the affected sphincter and may need a sphincteroplasty. Conclusion: perianal location endometriosis is a non-frequent condition with a difficult diagnosis. The treatment of choice is surgery. Including the full mass, with free margins and episiotomy scar.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Doenças do Ânus/diagnóstico , Doenças do Ânus/cirurgia , Endometriose/cirurgia , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Endossonografia , Seguimentos , Ultrassonografia/métodos
19.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; 43(1): 39-43, 2013 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1157349

RESUMO

Kaposi’s sarcoma is the most common cancer in men who have sex with men with AIDS. The estimated prevalence in the United States is 25


in patients with positive serology for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The commitment of the gastrointestinal tract is seen in 40


of patients with Kaposi’s sarcoma related to AIDS but lesions can occur anywhere in the body and evolve rapidly. We present a 33-year-old patient who kept sex with men, with epidemiological history of hepatitis B and syphilis, who consulted the service of Coloproctology for perianal ulcer. He was studied according to the protocols of sexually transmitted diseases, was diagnosed HIV and an excision biopsy of the lesion was performed. The diagnosis of perianal Kaposi’s sarcoma was reached. Kaposi’s sarcoma-HIV was staged, no other lesions were found and the patient started antiretrovirals with poor response to therapy. He evolved with rapid progression of the disease and died with the presumptive diagnosis of Fournier’s syndrome at three months after the excision biopsy. We conclude that perianal ulcers are a relatively common pathology in the office of Coloproctology and differential diagnosis are different according to the positivity for HIV or not and the patient’s sexual practices. We consider that is important to publish and spread these cases.


Assuntos
Homossexualidade Masculina , Sarcoma de Kaposi/diagnóstico , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/diagnóstico , Adulto , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Masculino , Sarcoma de Kaposi/etiologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações
20.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; 43(4): 304-7, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1157397

RESUMO

The aim of this report is to describe a novel technical approach to total anorectal reconstruction and show surgical results and functional outcome. The technique is an innovative surgery to restore gastrointestinal perineal continuity after coloproctectomy in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. We made the internal anal sphincter replacement with demucosated small bowel plication, the external anal sphincter replacement with an artificial bowel sphincter (ABS) and the restitution of intestinal transit with and ileal "S" pouch. After 12 months follow-up the control of gas is irregular, normal continence to solid stool was achieved with only occasional minimal soiling after defecation. The Jorge-Wexner incontinence score is 6 (moderate incontinence). The fecal incontinence quality of life (FIQL) comparing stoma vs. non-stomas, shows a relevant clinical difference, with improvement in all scales. This study has limitations because it is preliminary, observational and with no control group. We conclude that this recent surgical technique requires expertise in pelvic floor surgery and management of fecal incontinence. The surgeon should be able not only to introduce an artificial anal sphincter, but also to make the plication of intestinal muscle layer to create a zone of high pressure in anal canal and the ileal pouch.


Assuntos
Polipose Adenomatosa do Colo/cirurgia , Proctocolectomia Restauradora/métodos , Adulto , Humanos , Incontinência Fecal , Masculino , Qualidade de Vida , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Resultado do Tratamento
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