Study on Antitumor Mechanism of Periplaneta americana Extract C Ⅱ-3 on MFC Tumor-bearing Mice Based on 1H-NMR Metabonomics / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To preliminarily study the antitumor mechanism of Periplaneta americana extract C Ⅱ-3 on MFC tumor-bearing mice. METHODS ：Balb/c mice were randomly divided into model group （normal saline 20 mL/kg）and C Ⅱ-3 group （200 mg/kg），with 6 mice in each group. MFC cell suspension （0.2 mL）was injected under the right armpit of mice. On the next day，mice were given relevant medicine intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 10 d. 24 h after the last administration ，Based on the measurement of tumor size ， 1H-NMR technology combined with unsupervised PCA ，supervised PLS-DA and OPLS-DA were used to compare metabolic spectrum of liver tissue from tumor-bearing mice of 2 groups，to analyze differential metabolites and to explore the potential antitumor mechanis m of C Ⅱ -3. RESULTS ：Compared with model group ，the tumor body was significantly reduced in tumor-bearing mice of C Ⅱ-3 group. There were differences in 1H-NMR spectra between the 2 No.81960712）； groups. According to unsupervised PCA ，supervised PLS-DA and OPLS-DA ，totally six potential differential metabolites ，as glycogen （increased），pyruvate （decreased），arginine （de- creased），hydroxyproline （increased），inosine （increased） and niacinamide （increased），were identified in the liver tissue，which were mainly attributed to the metabolism of arginine ，energy and nucleic acid. CONCLUSIONS：The anti tumor effect of C Ⅱ-3 may be related to the regulation of arginine metabolism ，energy metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism.

Immunotherapy of targeting at tumor stem cells / 基础医学与临床

Tumor stem cells (TSCs), because of its close related to occurrence, development, metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance of tumor, are considered by research commnity as a root cell bank of the tumor. In other words, The key way to cure tumor may be to eradicate TSCs. The traditional surgery, chemotherapy and radiothera-py not only have few effect in killing TSCs, but result in recurrence and metastasis easily. However, TSCs can definitely killed by the immunotherapy targeting TSCs, for instance, targeting the surface antigens of TSCs', T cells tar-getting the TSCs, differentiation therapy and so on.

Obstructive sleep apnea affects the sexual function of the male patient / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To explore the factors influencing the sexual function of the male patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).@*METHODS@#Using Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), we conducted a questionnaire investigation among 81 male patients with OSA aged 40.5 ± 8.6 years and 35 healthy volunteers aged 38.8 ± 10 years. According to the sex drive (SD) score in ASEX, we divided the OSA patients into an SD reduction group (SD score = 4, n = 32) and a non-SD reduction group (SD score <4, n = 49), compared the clinical data and polysomnographic (PSG) indexes, and analyzed the factors influencing SD by evaluating the association of the PSG indexes with the SD score.@*RESULTS@#The OSA patients scored significantly higher than the healthy controls in ESS (8 ± 5 vs 5 ± 4, P <0.05) and ASEX (15 ± 4 vs 10 ± 2, P <0.05), and so did the patients of the SD reduction group than those of the non-SD reduction group in ESS (9 ± 5 vs 6 ± 5, P <0.05) and saturation impair time below 90% (SIT90) (41.01 ± 26.95 vs 21.87 ± 19.03, P <0.05). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the SD score was significantly correlated with age (β = 0.25, P <0.001) and SIT90 (β = 0.4, P <0.001) in the OSA patients.@*CONCLUSIONS@#OSA affects various aspects of the sexual function, particularly SD, of the patient. The duration of hypoxia and age of the patient are independent risk factors for SD reduction, which can be considered as a main clinical symptom of OSA.

The experiences and implications of rural doctors’ contracted service in Jiangsu / 中国卫生政策研究

This paper describes the implementation background for the rural doctors’ contracted services in Jiangsu province, focusing on the main approaches and promoting measures. The main objective was to analyze the effects of the transform from the perspectives of implementing the basic public health services welfare, promoting the rural doctors’ incentives and incomes, establishing a balance between the supply and demand, establishing a hierar-chical clinic system in the rural areas, understanding the impacts of New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme, and so forth. Based on the analysis, three conclusions were drawn:(1) Rebuild the trust in the relationship between doctors and patients and improve the working environment for the rural doctors with contracted services as a starting point. (2) Organize the medical services supplies focusing on the patient requirements, thereby ensuring that the primary health care providers take the first diagnosis responsibility. This helps in establishing a reasonable medical order as well as improved capital efficiency. (3) Return to the origin of primary health care by mainly focusing on health man-agement, and improve the health condition for the country dwellers.

Comparative study of CT appearances in clear cell renal cell cracinoma, renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocation/TFE gene fusion, collecting duct carcinoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the differential diagnostic features of subtpes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using CT scan.Methods The CT appearances of 53 RCCs,including 28 clear cell RCCs (CCRCC),6 Xp11.2 /TFE RCCs (Xp11.2 /TFE RCC),7 collecting ducts RCCs (CDC),12 chromophobe RCCs (CRCC),were retrospectively analyzed and compared with finding of pathology.Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT (DCE-CT) was conducted in each case after intravenous administration of contrast agent,and the data was analyzed by AVONA and LSD text.Results On unenhanced and enhanced CT,most CCRCCs and CDCs showed heterogeneous density (23/28,6/7),with necrosis (21/28,6/7),and most Xp11.2/TFE RCCs,CRCCs showed homogeneous density(5/6,8/12).Most CCRCCs,Xp11.2/TFE RCCs and CRCCs had clearly boundaries with well demonstrated at enhanced CT delayed phase (25/28,6/6,10/12),CDCs had unclearly boundaries (6/7),and most CCRCCs had lymph node or other metastasis (19/28).A phenomenon of quick staining and quick fainting was observed in CCRCCs.Xp11.2/TFE RCCs,CDCs,CRCCs showed delayed enhancement.On unenhanced CT,the Xp11.2/TFE RCC attenuation was greater than CCRCC,CDC,CRCC and normal renal cortex (53.7±4.1 vs 45.8±3.6 vs 41.4±2.4 vs 47.7±3.6 vs 41.5±5.1,F=5.458,P＜0.01,respectively).The enhancement degree was highest for CCRCCs,lowest for CDCs,and intermediate for Xp1 1.2/TFE RCCs and CRCCs.The enhancement degree of Xp1 1.2/TFE RCC was higher than that of the CDC and CRCC (P＜ 0.01).The enhancement degree of Xp11.2/TFE RCC and CRCC were higher than that of the normal renal medulla at cortical and medullary phases (P＜0.01),but lower than that of the renal medulla on delayed phase (P＜0.01).The enhancement degree of CDC were lower than that of the normal renal cortex and medulla on cortical,medullary and delayed phases (P＜0.05).Conclusions CT could distinctly show imaging features of CCRCC,Xp1 1.2/TFE RCC,CDC and CRCC,which were related to their pathological characteristics,and these features were helpful in predicting a specific subtype of RCC.

Randomized controlled study on the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with different acupuncture methods at different stages / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the efficacy on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) treated with different acupuncture methods at different stages.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and eighty cases of KOA were divided into stagnation stage, fascia cramp stage and tendon lesion stage according to the condition of disease, 60 cases in each stage. Each stage was randomized into a staging treatment group and an electroacupuncture (EA) group, 30 cases in each one. In the staging treatment group, acupuncture at the tendon points of meridians and electric thermal needling method were adopted for the cases at the stagnation stage; the small needle-knife therapy and bleeding method were used for the cases at the fascia cramp stage; and the electric thermal therapy with thick silver needles was applied for the cases at the tendon lesion stage. In the EA group, EA was applied for the cases of all the three stages at Liangqiu (ST 34), Xuehai (SP 10), Yanglingquan (GB 34), etc.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate was 96.1% (87/90) in the staging treatment group and was 91.1% (82/90) in the EA group, without significant difference in comparison (P > 0.05). The controlled and remarkably effective rate (88.9%, 80/90) in the staging treatment group was higher apparently than (62.2%, 56/90) in the EA group (P < 0.001). And in the EA group, with the disease progression and the further disease stages, the controlled and remarkably effective rate was reduced. After treatment, the scores of symptoms and signs were decreased in both groups (both P < 0.001), the improvement in the staging treatment group was superior to that in the EA group (P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The different acupuncture methods at the three stages improve obviously the clinical effect and are highly targeted. The mechanism of the three stages on "meridian muscle region pathology" and the treatment based on the disease stages can be the effective approach to KOA.</p>

CT and MRI diagnosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma in paranasal sinuses / 中华放射学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the CT and MRI characteristic features of neuroendocrine carcinoma in paranasal sinuses.MethodsCT and MRI findings of 10 patients with proved neuroendocrine carcinoma by pathology were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent plain and enhanced MRI scanning,and 9 patients also underwent CT manning.ResultsThere were 5 males and 5 females with mean age of (48 ± 9 ) years old,ranging from 27 to 57 years.The treatment time after symptoms onset ranged from 1 to 4 months,with the median of 2 months.Clinical symptoms were headache and vision loss,hyposmia and yellow nasal discharge,and exophthalmos.The lesions were located in the ethmoidal sinus ( n =6 ),maxillary sinus ( n =2),and bilateral sphenoid sinus ( n =5 ).The lesions were symmetrical in the sphenoid sinus.Pathology type included typical carcinoid tumor ( n =1 ),atypical carcinoid ( n =1 ),and neuroendocrine carcinoma not otherwise specified ( n =8 ). Immunohistochemical staining showed that neurospecific enolase,synaptophysin,cytokeratin and P53 were all positive.On CT images,lesions showed isointensity (n =1 ),iso- to hypointense (n =4 ),and iso- to hyperintense (n =4 ) with hypointense or hyperintense spots.Bone changes included bony absorption and sclerosis ( n =1 ) with a clear margin in typical carcinoid tumor,and moth-eaten bone destruction in other 8 cases( n =8).The lesions were isointense on T1-weighted images,and isointense (n =4) or mixed iso- to hyperintense on T2-weighted images (n =6).Lesions showed mild to medium heterogeneous enhancement ( n =7 ) or marked enhancement ( n =3 )on gadolinium-enhanced images.Time-signal intensity curve ( TIC ) showed plateau type in 2 cases.The aggressive nature of the tumors was demonstrated by invasion of adjacent structures,involvement of nasal cavity( n =9 ),orbits ( n =7 ),pterygopalatine fossa ( n =4 ),ethmoidalsinus and sphenoid ( n =3 ),clivus ossis occipitalis(n =2),cavernous sinus and internal carotid canal(n =2),optic canal(n =2),jugular fossa ( n =1 ),anterior fossa ( n =1 ),apex partis petrosae ossis temporalis ( n =1 ),meninges ( n =1 ),temporal fossa and infratemporal fossa ( n =1 ),pharyngonasal cavity and parapharyngeal space ( n =1 ).ConclusionsThere are different CT features in different pathological types of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses,and MRI can demonstrate the invasive extent accurately. CT combined MRI can provide more comprehensive information in the diagnosis and therapy.

HCV infection in voluntary donors and its influence on recruitment of donors in Chongqing area / 中国实验血液学杂志

Blood donor recruitment models have changed from paid donors to employer-organized donors and to voluntary donors in China. Reports on the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among voluntary blood donors in China have been rarely found at present. The prevalence of anti-HCV and genotypes among the first-time voluntary blood donors was investigated in Chongqing area of China. A total of 13,620 serum samples were collected from the first-time voluntary blood donors in Chongqing, China. Anti-HCV antibody was tested by ELISA. The Core/E2 region of HCV RNA from HCV seropositive samples was amplified by RT-PCR for genotyping. The results indicated that the prevalence of anti-HCV averaged 0.49% (67/13,620), and the highest rate (0.86%) was obtained in the group aged 40 to 49. A higher prevalence was observed among the more educated donors, and metropolitan donors. The ratios of following genotypes 1b, 2a, 3a and 3b were 4 (18%), 5 (23%), 9 (41%) and 4 (18%) in all the 22 samples respectively. Genotype 3 (3a and 3b) was the predominant genotype. In conclusion, the prevalence of anti-HCV was low among the population of voluntary blood donors in Chonqing area. The genotyping results showed the possibility of presence of druggies among the voluntary blood donors. Therefore, more attention should be paid to exclude those high-risk persons from the volunteers.

Characterization of injured child psychology-a case-control study / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study psychologic features of accidentally injured children to provide basis for application of psychologic intervening measures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) and Achenback child behavior capacity list (CBCL) (list for parents) were used to test accidentally injured children 7 - 11 years of age who were hospitalized (injury group) and healthy children (control group). Each group was composed of 81 cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Scores of P, E and N branch capacity lists in EPQ of injury group were all higher than those of control group (P < 0.05 or < 0.001). But the score of L branch capacity of control group was higher than that of injury group (P < 0.001). (2) Boys of injury group in seven factors of restlessness, violation of discipline, attack, harmful contact, schizoid anxiety, depression and body complaint and girls of injury group in seven factors of restlessness, cruelty, attack, depression, body complaint, social flinching and violation of discipline had higher scores than those in control group did (P < 0.01). (3) Detectable rate of behavior problems of injury group was 32.09% (26/81), higher than that of control group [11.11% (9/81), P < 0.001]. The odds ratio (OR) was 3.78, 95% CI was 1.66 approximately 8.59 (P < 0.01). The behavior factor had a lower sensitivity (32.1%) and a higher specificity (88.9%) and lower positive result value (74.3%). (4) Average CBCL score of boys in injury group (39.84 +/- 10.99) was higher than that of girl in injury group (34.26 +/- 10.43, P < 0.05). Boys in two factors of violation of discipline and attack, girls in factor of depression factor M had higher score than the opposite sex subjects did (P < 0.05 or 0.01). (5) Average CBCL score (37.62 +/- 11.03) of injury group was higher than that of control group (17.77 +/- 12.12, P < 0.001). Logistic multiple factor analysis showed that boys' accidentally injured factors were attack, restlessness, violation of discipline, and girls' accidentally injured factors were attack, violation of discipline and depression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Accidentally injured children have more psychologic problems in character and behavior. Psychologic education should be given to reduce incidence of accidental injury to children.</p>

Report on difficulty in blood group identification due to anti-H antibody in three cases / 中国实验血液学杂志

Anti-H antibody belongs to IgM type cold antibody, which often induces the unconformity of positive and reverse typing and leads to the difficulty in clinical blood typing. Anti-H antibody was found during identification of the counter blood group in 3 cases. The antibody was found to be active at 37 degrees C, room temperature and 4 degrees C when determined by blood group serology, and was finally analyzed to be IgM. It is suggested that not to give erythrocytes of O group unreasoningly to blood recipient of AB group during emergent moment, but instead, to give same type of blood. If there was no same type of blood during urgent events, O type erythrocytes could be employed after being matched by saline centrifuging with host side coincidence and screened by incomplete method. In this case, anti-H antibody leading to adverse-reaction in blood transfusion should be prevented.