Embarazo pretérmino intrabdominal exitoso: Reporte de caso / Successful intrabdominal preterm pregnancy: A case report

RESUMEN Introducción: El embarazo ectópico es toda gestación, en la que el sitio de implantación del óvulo fecundado se localiza fuera de la cavidad endometria y representa el 1.4 % de estos. Caso clínico: Paciente de 28 años con dos cesáreas previas, sometida a salpingoclasia durante la última intervención. La paciente ingresó al hospital con presión arterial de 180/130 mm Hg, no respondió a tratamiento médico y presentó falla en la progresión de trabajo de parto, por lo que se decidió interrupción por operación cesárea. Durante la cirugía, se observó un pequeño útero con embarazo extrauterino adherido a la serosa del ciego, el colon ascendente y el apéndice. Se obtuvo un producto femenino pretérmino vivo; la madre cursó con evolución favorable y sin complicaciones posoperatorias. Conclusión: La presentación del embarazo abdominal ectópico es rara, por lo que un control prenatal adecuado por personal capacitado puede orientar a la sospecha diagnóstica. La madre y la recién nacida no presentaron ninguna complicación, a pesar de ser un embarazo abdominal avanzado y la inserción multifocal de la placenta. Se resalta la importancia del manejo oportuno y multidisciplinario cuando se enfrentan embarazos con curso anormal para la mejor evolución de la madre y del producto.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy is any gestation in which the implantation site of the fertilized egg is located outside the endometrial cavity. Abdominal ectopic pregnancy represents 1.4% of these. Case report: 28-year-old patient with two previous cesarean sections; bilateral tubal obstruction during the last operation. The patient was admitted to the hospital with blood pressure of 180/130 mm Hg that did not respond to medical treatment and not progression to labor so it was decided to interrupt the pregnancy by cesarean section. During surgery, a small uterus with extrauterine pregnancy was observed adhered to the serosa of the cecum, ascending colon, and appendix. A live preterm female product was obtained; the mother had a favorable evolution and no postoperative complications. Conclusion: Ectopic pregnancies are rera. An adequate prenatal control by well trained personnel is essential for an accurate diagnosis. The mother and the newborn did not present any complication. It is very important to have and accurate an opportune diagnosis so trained personnel can offer an adequate management.

VIPoma en retroperitoneo de adulto mayor, causa de diarrea crónica en localización infrecuente / VIPoma in retroperitoneum of elderly, cause of chronic diarrhea in uncommon location

La diarrea crónica secretora es una entidad frecuente. Las causas son múltiples, por lo que llegar al diagnóstico definitivo puede resultar demorado con las complicaciones que esto ocasiona en el estado general del paciente. Se presenta el caso de un adulto mayor que cursa con diarrea crónica asociada a hipokalemia leve y acidosis metabolica hiperclorémica secundaria a un VIPoma a nivel de retroperitoneo, la cual es una localización inusual de este tipo de tumores, que en este caso fue diagnosticado mediante una biopsia guiada por tomografía...

Chronic secretory diarrhea is a frequent entity. Causes are multiple, that is why reaching final diagnosis can result in delay with complications that this causes in the general condition of the patient. We present the case of one older adult with chronic diarrhea, mild hypokalemia and metabolic hyperchloremic acidosis secondary to a VIPoma in retroperitoneum which is an unusual location of this type of tumor that was diagnosed by biopsy guided by tomography...

Tumor neuroendocrino ileal con síndrome carcinoide, patología de difícil diagnóstico y pronóstico variable / Ileal neuroendocrine tumor with carcinoid syndrome, neoplasia of difficult diagnosis and variable prognosis

Los tumores neuroendocrinos (TNE) presentan dificultad en el diagnóstico por sus síntomas inespecíficos y el manejo es un reto. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 78 años de edad, con dolor crónico en hemiabdomen superior. Ingresó a emergencia con obstrucción intestinal y síntomas de síndrome carcinoide (SC). En cirugía se resecó tumor ileal con resultado anatomopatológico de tumor neuroendocrino, cromogranina positivo, índice proliferativo ki 67 de 2 a 3 por ciento. El paciente continuó con síntomas de SC, altos niveles de 5-HIA, metástasis hepáticas en RMN. Se inició octreotide con adecuada respuesta clínica. La experiencia con el presente caso indica estar alerta con los síntomas de TNE funcionantes, debido al aumento en su incidencia. Es de utilidad solicitar marcadores inmunohistoquimicos. La identificación de un TNE con índice de mitosis y proliferación bajo indica buen pronóstico...

The neuroendocrine tumor (NET) is of difficult diagnosis due to nonspecific symptoms; management is also a challenge. We present the case of a 78 year-old male who suffered of chronic upper abdominal pain and was admitted to emergency with intestinal obstruction and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome (CS). At surgery an ileal tumor was resected with pathology report of NET positive for chromogranin A and ki 67 proliferative index of 2-3 per cent. The patient continued with CS symptoms and presented high levels of 5-HIAA and liver metastases by MRI. Octreotide was started with good outcome. Experience with this case indicates to be alert at symptoms of functioning NET, due to an increase in its incidence. It is useful to request immunohistochemical markers. Identification of NET with low grade mitosis and proliferation signal good prognosis...

Factores de riesgo asociados con la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial en adultos de Bucaramanga, Colombia / Risk factors associated with the prevalence of arterial hypertension in adults in Bucaramanga, Colombia

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of high blood pressure (PHBP) and its association with age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), and body mass index (BMI = kg/m2). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 1996, in a random sample of 356 adults aged 20 and older, residents of Bucaramanga, Colombia. Weight, height, and blood pressure readings were obtained, plus data on age and gender. Robust linear and log-binomial regression was used to estimate the independent effect of different risk factors on systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure and HBP. RESULTS: Mean SBP and DBP were significantly higher in men (122.5 and 88.1 mmHg) than in women (117.2 and 75.4 mmHg). The adjusted SBP increased with age, more in men than in women; DBP did not change with age. For each unit increase in BMI, SBP and DBP increased 0.76 and 0.69 mmHg, respectively. SBP was 6.8 and DBP was 9.8 mmHg higher in low-SES than in high-SES subjects. The adjusted PHBP increased with age and was higher in subjects > or = 50 years than in those 20-30 years old. Sex had no significant effect on PHBP (p = 0.795). For each unit increase in BMI the PHBP increased 3, and low-SES subjects had a PHBP 1.84 times higher than high-SES subjects. CONCLUSIONS: A high PHBP was found. There is a great potential for prevention by weight control. Further studies are needed to confirm the increasing PHBP in low-SES subjects and to identify its causes.