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Objective:To explore the effect of methamphetamine (MA) dependence on the attention of female youth, and to analyze the intervention effect of computer-based cognitive training on the attention of MA-dependent female youth.Method:From May to August 2021, a total of 64 MA-dependent female youths in abstinence period from a women's compulsory isolated drug rehabilitation center in Sichuan Province were selected as the MA group, and 53 ordinary female youths matched with their age and education level were selected as the normal control group.According to the matching principle of age, education level, and attention pre-test scores, the subjects in MA-dependent group were divided into MA-dependent intervention group( n=30)and MA-dependent waiting group( n=34). CogniPlus cognitive training system was used to train the attention of subjects in MA-dependent intervention group( n=30), while the subjects in MA-dependent waiting group( n=34) and normal control group did not receive training.The Vienna Test System was used to collect the attention scores of all subjects.SPSS 20.0 analysis software was used for data processing.Statistical analysis was performed using independent samples t test and paired samples t test. Results:The MA-dependent group had significantly longer endogenous alertness, temporary alertness, and concentration response time ((275.61±47.79)ms, (268.63±51.41)ms, (444.08±134.40)ms) compared with the normal control group ((247.02±34.09)ms, (237.60±46.04)ms, (355.15±44.37)ms) ( t=3.767, 3.405, 4.976; all P<0.05). After attention training, the post-test reaction time of endogenous alertness, temporary alertness, and concentration ((264.10±38.98)ms, (251.67±38.06)ms, (352.03±65.70)ms) in the MA-dependent intervention group were significantly shorter than those in the MA-dependent waiting group ((323.18±83.28)ms, (302.74±82.75)ms, (402.76±74.34)ms) ( t=-3.702, -3.232, -2.876; all P<0.05). The post-test reaction time of temporary alertness and concentration in the MA-dependent intervention group ((251.67±38.06)ms, (352.03±65.70)ms)were shorter than those of the pre-test ((265.70±37.84)ms, (428.67±120.11)ms) ( t=2.179, 3.588; both P<0.05). The MA-dependent waiting group had a longer post-test reaction time of endogenous alertness and temporary alertness(323.18±83.28)ms, (302.74±82.75)ms) compared with the pre-test ((285.35±51.43)ms, (271.21±61.42)ms) ( t=-2.752, -2.664; both P<0.05) and the post-test reaction time of concentration ((402.76±74.34)ms) was shorter than that of the pre-test ((457.68±146.29)ms)( t=2.431, P<0.05). The MA-dependent intervention group had longer endogenous alertness, temporary alertness, and pre-test reaction time of concentration ((264.57±41.41)ms, (265.70±37.84)ms, (428.67±120.11)ms)compared with the normal control group( t=2.083, 2.841, 3.230; all P<0.05). The post-test of endogenous alertness ((264.10±38.98)ms) was longer than that of the normal control group ( t=2.082, P<0.05). Conclusion:The cognitive training based on the CogniPlus system has a certain effect on the attention maintenance or recovery of MA-dependent female youth.It can be used as an intervention measure for cognitive impairment of drug addicts and help them healthy return to society.
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Objective:To explore the characteristics of working memory ability of female methamphetamine dependent youths, and to analyze the effect of spatial and temporal training task (CODING) on working memory ability of female methamphetamine dependent youths.Methods:Sixty methamphetamine dependent youths from a women's drug rehabilitation center in Sichuan province were selected as the methamphetamine dependent group, while 60 female healthy volunteers from vocational high schools and universities participated as the healthy control group. Visual memory test (VISGED) was used to evaluat the working memory ability of the subjects, and SPSS 21.0 software was used for the nonparametric test of the memory difference between the two groups.The methamphetamine dependent group was divided into treatment group and waiting group based on the baseline matching principle of working memory. The treatment group was trained under the spatio-temporal CODING paradigm for working memory, and the training effect was assessed using the independent sample t-test. Results:(1)The individual parameters(0.06(-1.62, 1.67) vs 1.93 (-0.28, 2.71)) and working program(15.00(14.00 vs 16.00), 17.00(15.00, 20.00)) of working memory in methamphetamine dependent group and normal control group were statistically significant ( Z=-3.83, P<0.05, Z=-3.50; P<0.05). (2) Through memory training, the personal parameters before and after training in the treatment group ((0.08±1.79) vs 1.68 (0.68, 2.25)) had a statistically significant difference ( Z=-3.63, P<0.05). The personal parameters before and after the test in the waiting group ((-0.01±1.86) vs 0.72(-1.54, 1.88)) had no statistically significant difference ( Z=-1.35, P>0.05). Conclusion:Methamphetamine dependence impaire the working memory of female youths regardless of age or education level. Memory training can restore and improve memory ability to a certain extent, help to restore learning ability and living ability, and lay a foundation for a better return to society.
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Objective To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of methamphetamine dependence adolescents’ emotional faces recognition ability. Methods Eighty-six adolescents methamphet-amine addicts and 85 healthy volunteers were tested by a self-designed questionnaire and an experiment of e-motional faces identification. Results (1)There was no significant correlation between the emotional faces recognition ability of the experimental group with their age,education level and drug time (P>0. 05). (2)The correct number of positive(32. 58 ±8. 56),neutral (32. 76±8. 06),and negative(56. 28±20. 04) emotional faces recognition in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group of positive (35. 64±3. 91),neutral(35. 47±4. 00),and negative(71. 02±8. 62) emotional faces recognition(t=-3. 00,-2. 79,-6. 24,P<0. 05). Meanwhile,the response time of positive(( 401. 32± 175. 13) ms) and negative ((502. 08±194. 42)ms) emotional faces recognition in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group of positive((300. 83±139. 48)ms) and negative((379. 91±197. 30)ms) emotional faces (t=4. 15,4. 08,P<0. 05). Nevertheless,there was no significant difference between the experimental group((400. 90±174. 21) ms) and the control group ((356. 67±156. 70) ms) in the recognition response time of neutral emotional faces (t=1. 75,P>0. 05). Conclusion Methamphetamine dependence impairs the ability of adolescents’ emotional faces recognition,and their positive and negative emotional recognition abili-ty has processing defects. The ability of methamphetamine dependence adolescents to emotional faces recogni- tion is not affected by their age,education level and time of drug uses.
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Objective To investigate the impacts of emotion intelligence and sex difference on the process of emotion regulation.Methods The reaction time and the strength of emotion regulation were recorded in the emotion perception and emotion regulation task.Results The males with higher EI scores reacted more quickly in emotion perception and were more efficient in positive emotion regulation than those with lower EI scores (reaction time:(1 821±120) ms ＜ (2 320±133)ms,F(1.87)=3.87,P=0.049;strength of emotion regulation:2.11 ± 0.21 ＞ 0.81 ± 0.23;F(1,87) =17.31,P＜ 0.001),while the females with higher EI scores reacted more slowly in emotion perception and were more efficient in negative emotion regulation than those with lower EI scores (reaction time:(2 250± 110) ms ＞ (1 939± 115) ms,F(1,87) =6.73,P =0.011;strength of emotion regulation:1.60±0.18 ＞ 0.7±0.18;F(1,87)=12.12,P=0.001).Conclusion The results showed that for men,the EI was associated with efficiency in processing emotion and regulating positive emotions,while for women,the EI was associated with efficiency in regulating negative emotions.
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Objective To explore the characteristics of emotional identification and emotional intel-ligence of the adolescent methamphetamine addicts,and analyze the correlation between the emotional identi-fication and emotional intelligence.Methods 47 adolescent methamphetamine addicts ( experimental group) and 47 healthy volunteers ( control group) were tested by a self-designed questionnaire,Baron Emo-tional Quotient Inventory ( EQ-i) and experiments of emotional identification.Results The scores of correct responses of positive mood and negative mood of the adolescent methamphetamine addicts ( respectively 28.62±10.60,50.83±18.58) were lower than the healthy volunteers (respectively 32.91±7.30, t=-2.29, P0.05) .In the dimension of emotional intelligence,the individual components,the general state of mind,the management of pressure,and the adaptive composition were related to the emotional identification( r 1=0.39, r 2=-0.33, r 3=-0.39, r 4=0.32) .Conclusion The adolescent methamphetamine addicts had some de-fects on the emotional identification and lack of responsibility and impulse control ability.The emotional in-telligence had influence on their emotional identification.
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Objective To explore the differences of emotion identification and emotion quotient (EQ) scores between the teenage criminal group and the vocational school student group,and conduct research on the correlation between the emotion identification and EQ of teenage criminals.Methods A self-designed questionnaire,experiments about emotion identification and EQ tests were applied to 48 teenage criminals and 46 vocational school students who had the matching age,IQ and sex with the teenage criminals.Results The number of correct responses to neutral mood among the teenage criminals (60.00± 17.07) was lower than that of vocational school students (66.12±5.45).There was no difference about EQ between these two groups(90.48± 13.31,90.76± 19.85,P ＞0.05),but in pressure management dimensions,teenage criminals had some differences compared with the vocational school students (53.97± 8.95,57.84 ± 7.26,P＜ 0.05),especially in impulse control (24.97 ± 4.98,28.95 ± 5.22,P＜0.01).The general state of mind,pressure management,individual components and interpersonal components was related to the emotion identification(r 1 =0.43,r 2 =0.36-0.38,r 3 =0.37,P＜0.05).Conclusion Emotion identification of teenage criminals have some flaws,especially the judgment on neutral mood,and it is easily to be wrong.Teenage criminals lack of controlling in EQ.The emotion identification and EQ of the teenage criminal interact with each other.
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Objective The Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-13) is used for Screening PTSD of children. The reliability and validity of CRIES-13 is good. To research the demarcation points of CRIES-13 (Chinese version) based on the reliability and validity analysis,and to improve the useful value of the scale.Methods In late September 2008, according affected condition, students were choosed who were fit for the research standard as subjects in two middle schools. First,general questionnaire (self-writing) and CRIES-13 were applied to the subjects. Second, according to K-SADS-PL, physician carried out diagnosis meeting and evaluation to 310 students who were classified by stratified rand sampling. Critical point of CRIES-13 was divided by K-SADSPL. The assessment value of it were sensitivity, specificity, veracity, PPV, NPV. The right choice of division was measured by ROC curve. Results When the critical score was higher than 30, the score of Se ( 0. 833 ), Sp(0. 836) and NPV (0.97) was in the high level. Conclusion When the critical score is higher than 30, the scale have a good discrimination for PTSD, non-PTSD and it can be used extensively.
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Objective To test the reliability and validity of CRIES-13(Chinese edition). The Children Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-13) was recommened for diagnosing PTSD of children. Methods In the last third of the September 2008,according to the suffering condition,600 students were choosed who were fit for the research standard as subjects in two middle schools randomly. The viability of CRIES-13 was weighted by testretest reliability,Cronbach' s alpha,Split half reliability. The validity of CRIES-13 was analysed by content validity ,criterion validity,construction validity. Results In the test-retest reliability of CRIES-13, the Spearman correlation coefficient of total,intrusion factor,avoid factor,high warkening factor were 0.79, 0.75, 0.71, 0.75. Significant correlation were found among these scores. The Cronbach' s alpha of population was 0. 81. The Cronbach' s alpha of three factors was 0. 79 ( intrusion factor) , 0. 71 ( avoid factor), 0. 65 ( high awarkening factor). CRIES-13's split-half reliability was 0. 85. In the content validity test,the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between total score and each item was 0. 83 (intrusion factor), 0. 75 (avoid factor), 0. 85 (high awarkening factor). The correlation between intrusion factor and avoid factor was 0.63. The correlation between avoid factor and high awarkening factor was 0.41. The correlation between intrusion factor and high awarkening factor was 0.41. In struction validity, variance orthogonal rotation factor analysis was adopted and got three general factors. Their cumulative contribution to total variance was 55.52%. In the criterion validity test,significant correlation was found between intrusion factor and SDQ emotional factor and depression scale total score. Significant correlation was found between high awakening factor and SDQ emotional factor and depression scale total score. Conclusion The reliability and validity of CRIES-13 was good. It could be used extensively.