Antibiotic pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of source water in Yichang City / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of antibiotics in source water and their health risks to human body in Yichang City, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of new types of pollution such as antibiotics in drinking water. Methods Solid phase extraction (SPE) was used for enrichment, and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to detect and analyze the content of five types of antibiotics including sulfonamides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, quinolones and β-lactams in the main drinking water sources of Yichang City. The human health risk assessment of these antibiotics was conducted. Results All five types of antibiotics were detected in the source water of Yichang City, and the detection rate was 6.25% to 81.25%. The total detection rate of β-lactam antibiotics was the highest, and the highest detection concentration of norfloxacin was 213.9 ng/L. The health risk assessment of 11 antibiotics detected in the source water showed that these antibiotics would not cause obvious health harm to human body, but the risk entropy (RQH) tended to increase with the younger age. Conclusion The distribution level of antibiotics in source water of Yichang City will not cause obvious health harm to human body.

Analysis of metronidazole and prohibited drug residues in chicken and eggs sold in Hubei Province / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the level of metronidazole and prohibited drug residues in poultry meat and eggs in Hubei Province. Methods A total of 168 chicken and egg samples were collected from 13 prefecture level cities and autonomous prefectures of Hubei Province, Qianjiang City and Xiantao City. The residues of metronidazole, ribavirin, amantadine and rimantadine were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results Amantadine, ribavirin and rimantadine were not detected. The detection rate of metronidazole was 4.17% (7/168). There was significant difference in the detection rate of metronidazole in different years, but there was no trend of increase or decrease with the year; the difference of detection rate of banned drugs in different years was statistically significant, and had a trend of decreasing with the year. Conclusion The illegal use of metronidazole still exists in some areas of Hubei Province, which needs to be paid attention to by relevant departments.

Applications of computed tomography and ischemic modified albumin and D-D Levels in disease assessment of patients with acute pulmonary embolism / 中国医师杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinical application values of computed tomography (CT), ischemic modified albumin (IMA) and D-dimer (D-D) levels in the disease assessment of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE).@*Methods@#From June 2015 to June 2018, 100 suspected APE patients in our hospital were selected as the study subjects, after the CT " gold standard" inspection, the 80 patients diagnosed with APE were as APE group, including 38 cases in high-risk group and 42 cases in low-risk group: 20 non APE cases and 60 healthy volunteers at the same time were selected as control group. The serum IMA level was detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the plasma D-D level was detected by immunoturbidimetry. Receiver operating characteristc (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic values of IMA and D-D for APE disease.@*Results@#The levels of IMA and D-D in APE group were significantly higher than those in non APE group and control group (P<0.05); the levels of IMA and D-D in non APE group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), while those in high-risk group were significantly higher than those in low-risk group (P<0.05); CT examination after admission was as the gold standard for diagnosing APE disease; ROC curve showed that, the area under curve (AUC) of D-D and IMA in diagnosing APE was 0.875 and 0.763, respectively, with corresponding sensitivity 90.01% and 93.87%, specificity 52.21% and 95.65% respectively; the AUC of IMA combined D-D level in diagnosing APE was 0.834, the sensitivity was 95.87%, and the specificity was 78.69%; the AUC of D-D and IMA in diagnosing high-risk APE was 0.950 and 0.914, respectively, with the corresponding sensitivity 97.21% and 93.98%, specificity 31.58% and 76.98%, respectively. The AUC of IMA combined D-D level in diagnosing high-risk APE was 0.958, with sensitivity 96.39%, specificity 76.87%. Compared with CT results, in the 80 patients diagnosed with APE, there were 4 patients with negative IMA and 6 patients with negative D-D, and the control group samples test showed negative IMA and D-D levels were all negative. The consistency of CT combine with D-D ( Kappa=0.734, P=0.000), and CT combine with IMA (Kappa=0.819, P=0.000) were good.@*Conclusions@#According to the results of CT examination, IMA combined with D-D level has a good sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of APE, which can effectively improve the diagnostic rate of APE diseases, and provide an important basis for clinical rapid and reliable detection and treatment of APE diseases.

Applications of computed tomography and ischemic modified albumin and D-D Levels in disease assessment of patients with acute pulmonary embolism / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical application values of computed tomography (CT),ischemic modified albumin (IMA) and D-dimer (D-D) levels in the disease assessment of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE).Methods From June 2015 to June 2018,100 suspected APE patients in our hospital were selected as the study subjects,after the CT " gold standard" inspection,the 80 patients diagnosed with APE were as APE group,including 38 cases in high-risk group and 42 cases in low-risk group:20 non APE cases and 60 healthy volunteers at the same time were selected as control group.The serum IMA level was detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),and the plasma D-D level was detected by immunoturbidimetry.Receiver operating characteristc (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic values of IMA and D-D for APE disease.Results The levels of IMA and D-D in APE group were significantly higher than those in non APE group and control group (P ＜ 0.05);the levels of IMA and D-D in non APE group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05),while those in high-risk group were significantly higher than those in low-risk group (P ＜ 0.05);CT examination after admission was as the gold standard for diagnosing APE disease;ROC curve showed that,the area under curve (AUC) of D-D and IMA in diagnosing APE was 0.875 and 0.763,respectively,with corresponding sensitivity 90.01％ and 93.87％,specificity 52.21％ and 95.65％ respectively;the AUC of IMA combined D-D level in diagnosing APE was 0.834,the sensitivity was 95.87％,and the specificity was 78.69％;the AUC of D-D and IMA in diagnosing high-risk APE was 0.950 and 0.914,respectively,with the corresponding sensitivity 97.21％ and 93.98％,specificity 31.58％ and 76.98％,respectively.The AUC of IMA combined D-D level in diagnosing high-risk APE was 0.958,with sensitivity 96.39％,specificity 76.87％.Compared with CT results,in the 80 patients diagnosed with APE,there were 4 patients with negative IMA and 6 patients with negative D-D,and the control group samples test showed negative IMA and D-D levels were all negative.The consistency of CT combine with D-D (Kappa =0.734,P =0.000),and CT combine with IMA (Kappa =0.819,P =0.000) were good.Conclusions According to the results of CT examination,IMA combined with D-D level has a good sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of APE,which can effectively improve the diagnostic rate of APE diseases,and provide an important basis for clinical rapid and reliable detection and treatment of APE diseases.

On optimum conditons for establishment of calcipotriol-induced mouse atopic dermatitis model / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the method of establishing the atopic dermatitis mice model induced by calcipotriol ( MC903 ) . Methods Induction dose exploratory experiment: since d 0, 0.33,1,3 nmol MC903 was smeared on the right ear of BALB/c mice in each dose group respectively , for 7 consecutive days . The ear swelling degree of the mice was observed every day and the bilateral ears thicknesses were measured .The materials were drawn and analyzed in d 3 and d 7.Induction days exploratory experiment: 2 nmol MC903 was smeared on the right ear of BALB/c mice, for 14 consecutive days .The ear swelling degree of mice was observed every day and the bilateral ears thicknesses were measured .The histopathological examination of the right ear was conducted in 3 d, 7 d, 11 d and 15 d respectively .The tissue homogenate of the mice right ear was prepared .The ex-pressions of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP),IL-33, IL-4 and IFN-γin the homogenate , CD40 +,CD86 +,the DC surface markers and ILC2 contents in the peripheral lymph nodes were detected.Results ①1,3 nmol MC903 induced ear swelling in mice was significantly increased in d 3, the levels of TSLP and IL-4 were significantly increased .The level of IL-33 in 3 nmol dose group was increased significantly in d 7.② The right ear swelling of 2 nmol MC903 induced atopic dermatitis mice was significant , the ear thickness was increased gradually and reached the peak in d 14.The histopathological examination of the mice ear tissue showed in d 7, the right ear tissue of the mice was swelling and red , the capillary vessels were dilated and the infiltration of inflammatory cells was obvious .The ear in-flammatory symptoms maintained and gradually aggravated for 15 days.Compared with the normal mice , MC903 increased the TSLP level in the right ear tissue homogenate significantly in d 3 and then decreased gradually .The levels of IL-4 and IL-33 were increased significantly in d 7 and then decreased gradually .The levels of ILC2, CD40 +, CD86 + in the peripheral lymph nodes were increased in d 7 and d 15.Conclusion The atopic derma-titis mice model can be successfully established using 2 nmol MC903 induced mice for 7 days.Appropriate testing point of TSLP is d 3.Appropriate testing point of IL-33 and IL-4 is d 7.

Evidence-Based treatment for rare solitary splenic metastasis of an ovarian carcinoma in a female patient / 中华肝胆外科杂志

ObjectiveEvidence-based medicine was used to make an individualized treatment plan for rare solitary splenic metastasis of an ovarian carcinoma in a female patient. MethodsAfter clinical problems were discovered, evidence was collected from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, CNKI and Wanfang databases according to our predefined search strategy. The search was done until October, 2009. The validity of the evidence was assessed. The evidence, combined with the doctor experience and the patient value, was applied to the patient. ResultsA total of 15 English literature and 11 Chinese literature were identified. A rational treatment plan was made upon a critical evaluation of the data. There were 5 review articles in PubMed, EMBASE and ScienceDirect databases and no RCT in the Cochrane Library. And there was one retrospective cohort study inCNKI and Wanfang databases. The others were all case reports. After 20 month follow-up, the treatment protocol was proven correct. Conclusion The patient has rare disease, and the evidence intension for the evidence-based medicine was low. It can not present the efficacy of the evidence-based medicine treatment sufficiently, though it could provide some suggestion for rare disease which was lack of large RCT for evidence-based Methods .