RESUMO
The cardiovascular mortality is more important in patients with chronic renal disease than mortality in general population. These events are linked to specific risk factors in relation with the kidney insufficiency and also to the same factors of atherosclerosis met in the general population. In fact, more than 50% of cardiovascular disease in prolonged hemodialysis are directly related to the formation of an "acceleratcd atherosclerosis", term proposed to describe an atheroma more frequent, extended more calcifying and inflammatory at equal ages in comparison with general population. Thus, the accelerated atheroslerosis is responsible of a heavier mortality at the kidney insufficiency comparatively with the general population. These factors are often noted precociously at the stage of chronic kidney insufficiency and don't disappear with the dialysis. Two groups of factors exist: some are due to kidney insufficiency, others are secondary to the substitutive therapeutic of the renal insufficiency