Anticancer and antioxidant activities of Guiera senegalensis

Medicinal plants contain physiologically active principles that over the years have been exploited in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The ethanolic extract of Guiera senegalensis was tested in vitro as anticancer and antioxidant agent as well as for its phenolic and flavonoidal contents. The trypan blue technique was used for the anticancer activity against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells [EACC] while the antioxidant activity of the plant extract was determined by 2, 2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] assay. The total phenolic and flavonoidal contents were estimated using colorimetric methods. The ethanolic extract at a concentration of 13 microg/ml caused 100% cytotoxic effect against EACC. Moreover, it possessed a considerable antioxidant activity against DPPH radical. Guiera senegalensis extract was found to contain appreciable amounts of phenolic and flavonoidal compounds. It can be concluded that Guiera senegalensis possesses sufficient in vitro anticancer and antioxidant activities to warrant further detailed study of its pharmacology and phytochemistry

Dengue vector control and surveillance during a major outbreak in a coastal Red Sea area in Sudan

An unprecedented dengue outbreak occurred in 2010 in Port Sudan city, Sudan. Dengue incidence was 94 cases per 10 000 observed over 17 epidemiological weeks [total cases = 3 765]. We report here the impact of the vector control response plan to the outbreak, which mainly entailed house inspection and insecticide space spraying. In total 3 048 houses were inspected during vector surveillance and 19 794 larvae and 3 240 pupae of Aedes aegypti were collected. Entomological indices decreased during the period: house index declined from 100% to 16% [F= 57.8, P< 0.001] and pupal/person [P/P] index from 0.77 to 0.10 [F= 3.06, P< 0.01] in weeks 9 and 21 respectively. This decline was accompanied by a decrease in cases from a peak of 341 cases in week 13 to zero in week 29 and the end of the outbreak. There was a significant correlation between the entomological parameters and dengue incidence [R2 = 0.83, F= 23.9,P< 0.001]. Integrated epidemiological and vector surveillance is essential to an effective dengue control programme