RESUMO
Resistance to antiretroviral agents is a significant concern in clinical management of HlV-infected individuals. Resistance is the result of mutations that develops in the viral protein targeted by antiretroviral agents. In this cross-sectional study, the blood samples of 40 HI.V-positive patients were collected. Twenty of them were drug-naive and the rest were under treatment for at least one year by antiretroviral agents. Virus genome was extracted from patient's plasma with high-pure-viral-nucleie-acid kit. Then, by means of reverse-transcriptase and specific primers of protease genes were amplified and sequenced. Sequences of genes, drug- antiretroviral-resistant mutations and subtypes were determined using Stanford University's HI Vdrugresistance databases. Drug-naive patients show 15% resistance to nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase inhibitor [NRTI] and 20% resistance to non-nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase inhibitor [NNRTI]. Anti-protease resistance is not observed in any patients. In under treatment patients, drug resistance to NNRTI [25%] is more than drug resistance to NRTI [20%] and the rate of drug resistance to protease inhibitor is 5%.Our findings show a high prevalence of drug-resistant mutations in Itanian-drug-naiVe-HIV-infected patients. But in under treatment individuals, the rate of drug resistance is less than previous studies