The Effect of Different Routes of Injection of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Parotid Glands of Rats Receiving Cisplatin: A Comparative Study

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cisplatin is a powerful antitumor chemotherapeutic agent that is widely used in the treatment of many cancers but it has many side effects on many organs including salivary glands. Bone marrow is considered to be a rich environment that comprises many types of stem cells of which BMSCs (Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) are the most studied with potentiality to differentiate into many cell types. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different routes of injection of BMSCs on parotid glands of rats receiving cisplatin. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: a negative control group receiving phosphate buffered saline, a positive control group receiving cisplatin, and an experimental group where rats received cisplatin and then received iron oxide-labeled BMSCs by either intravenous or intraparotid routes or both. Animals were sacrificed at periods of 3,6,10 and 15 days after cisplatin injection, then histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies were done. The experimental stem cell treated group showed better histological features and increased PCNA proliferation index when compared to the control. The systemic and combination groups showed better results than the local group. Iron oxide-labeled cells were detected with Prussian blue stain. CONCLUSIONS: This study proved that BMSCs can improve cisplatin induced cytotoxicity in parotid glands. Systemic administration showed to have a better effect than local intraparotid administration and comparable effect to combined administration.

Tension-free vaginal tape for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: Two-year follow-up

To evaluate the efficacy and two-years follow-up of tension-free vaginal tape [TVT] procedure in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence [SUI]. The study included 25 female patients with SUI with a mean age of 41.6 years. The diagnosis was based upon history, physical examination, 2 days voiding diaries, vaginal examination, stress test and urodynamics. The procedure was performed under local, spinal or general anesthesia and according to Ulmsten, where polypropyline tape is placed in a U-shaped manner around the midurethra without any tension. Cystoscopy was performed to make sure that the bladder is not injured. Urethral catheter was fixed for 12 hours and the patient was discharged in the next day. The mean operative time was 30 minutes [range 20 - 48]. lntraoperative bladder perforation, profuse vaginal bleeding and convulsion were recorded in 3 cases. Early retention, within one week, occurred in 4 patients [16%] who successfully managed and the patients resumed normal voiding. Two patients [8%] developed denovo detrusor instability. Up to 2 years, there was no change in the postoperative outcome and the results seemed to be constant with time. Finally, 21 patients [84%] cured, 2 patients [8%] significantly improved, while the procedure failed in 2 patients [8%]. TVT is a simple and minimally invasive technique. The results of 2 years follow up are encouraging, however the procedure is not a risk free and in developing countries like Egypt, it is relatively expensive