Correlation between dyslipidiemia and the severity of coronary artery disease using SYNTAX scoring system

Background: the relationship between hyperlipidiemia and an increased risk of coronary heart disease has been well documented and has served as a motivating factor for research into lipoproteins structure, function and metabolism. Many epidemiological studies have revealed that chronically elevated lipid and cholesterol levels are associated with an increased incidence of atherosclerosis. Dyslipidemia together with hypertension and diabetes is major modifiable risk factors for atherosclerotic disease and the subsequent development of cardiovascular events. Dyslipidemia is known to be an independent predictor for cardiovascular events, other risk factors including family history, hypertension, tobacco use, age, sex and diabetes also have been found to be associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease [CAD]. This cross-sectional study was aimed to investigate the association of Dyslipidemia as an atherosclerosis predictor and its relationship to the severity of CAD using SYNTAX score

Patients and Methods: the current study included 535 patients who presented during 2015 with chest pain to Dar Al Fouad Hospital, experiencing symptoms of CAD or evidence of CAD by noninvasive testing were enrolled, a fasting blood sample was extracted and assessed for lipids profile. Patients underwent coronary angiography either using femoral or radial approach, and the resulting angiographic study was used to calculate the SYNTAX score of each patient. Patients were divided in to two group i.e. CAD and Non-CAD group. The CAD group was further divided into three sub-groups according to the SYNTAX score into low risk, intermediate risk and high risk group

Results: in this study, triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-C levels were positively associated with sever CAD and higher number of diseased vessels. Higher HCL-C levels were also found in subjects with normal coronaries

Conclusion: there was no significant proportionate, linear relation between the SYNTAX score and the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol or LDL-C

Non-thermal continuous and modulated electromagnetic radiation fields effects on sleep EEG of rats

In the present study, the alteration in the sleep EEG in rats due to chronic exposure to low-level non-thermal electromagnetic radiation was investigated. Two types of radiation fields were used; 900 MHz unmodulated wave and 900 MHz modulated at 8 and 16 Hz waves. Animals has exposed to radiation fields for 1 month [1 h/day]. EEG power spectral analyses of exposed and control animals during slow wave sleep [SWS] and rapid eye movement sleep [REM sleep] revealed that the REM sleep is more susceptible to modulated radiofrequency radiation fields [RFR] than the SWS. The latency of REM sleep increased due to radiation exposure indicating a change in the ultradian rhythm of normal sleep cycles. The cumulative and irreversible effect of radiation exposure was proposed and the interaction of the extremely low frequency radiation with the similar EEG frequencies was suggested

Factors affect adolescent's girl using reproductive health services

This is a descriptive study aimed at assess factors that affect adolescent's girls using reproductive health services. It was conducted at Technical School of Nursing [Ain Shams University]. The sample was consisted of 130 out of 170 student who complained from reproductive health problem and aged 14-19 year and agreed to participate in the study using purposive sample technique. Two tools used for data collection consisted of structured interview questionnaire and Likert rating scale. Results revealed student's nurse age ranged between less than 16 up to 19 years with mean age [17.1 + 1.02] . Concerning distribution of the study sample regarding their reproductive health problem. It was found the majority of them [88.46%] were had reproductive health problem while the minority of them [11.54%] were free of reproductive health problem. As regard students' knowledge about reproductive health and its services it was observed that majority of them [76.92%] were had poor knowledge while the minority of them [9.23%] were had average knowledge, in regarding to source of RH knowledge [77.63%] were from their family while the minority [3.85%] were from social worker. Concerning distribution of the study sample regarding to socioeconomic factors which prevent adolescent's girl using reproductive health services. It was found [83.85%] of them were a shamed from being examined, [12.31%] of them were have large family size. Regarding distribution of the study sample related to services factors which prevent adolescent's girl using reproductive health services, It was observed that [60%] of them was refused gender of the doctor while [36.92%] medicines are unavailable. In Conclusion the present study drew attention to a critical point that the adolescents face many factors prevent them to use reproductive health services include factors related to adolescent as a shamed from being examined, fear from painful examination and fear from examination, factor related provider as lack of nurses and doctor care of these age group and factor related to services as no presence of reproductive health clinics for adolescents .also the adolescents had poor knowledge and negative attitude toward reproductive health services. So the researcher recommend conduction of awareness programs about [ARHS] adolescent reproductive health services for adolescent girls, their family, teachers at schools and the community. And increase programs that improve availability and accessibility of adolescent reproductive health clinics

Quality of life among visually impaired elderly at assiut university hospital

Vision impairment is common among older adults and increases with age. About 314 million people are visually impaired worldwide; 45 million of them are blind. Most people with visual impairment are older, and females are more at risk at every age. About 82% of all people who are visually impaired are age 50 years and older [although they represent only 19% of the world's population]. About 87% of visually impaired live in developing countries, [World Health Organization [WHO], 2009]. This study aimed to assess the quality of life among visually impaired elderly patient attending ophthalmic clinic at Assiut University Hospital. Methods: Descriptive, Cross Sectional research design was used in this study. The total number of the study subjects were 275 elders aged 60+ years, Alert, able to communicate and agreed to participate in the study two tools were used to collect the data needed for the study. The first tool was structured interview sheet, it consisted of three parts, and the first one was concerned with personal and socio-demographic characteristics of the study sample. The second part covered the elderly medical history [history of eye disease, onset of visual impairment, first time of eye examination, changes in vision acuity during the last years, onset of changes in vision acuity, measures taken on onset of the disease]. Part Three: it included the other health problems as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, arteriosclerosis, or other diseases. The second tool was Quality of Life Scale: it include information related to the original scale constructed by Lehman [1986] and from WHO [1997]. It consists of [50] items divided into six domains or subscales, the quality of life domains are physical health, self-dependence, psychological status, social relationships, environment, and spiritual/ religion/ personal beliefs. Data was collected during the period from the first of June2009 to the end of May2010. The present study showed that the mean age of the studied sample was 65.95 +/- 6.23 years with directed relation between quality of life scores of the studied sample and their age. Vision impairment was more common in female than male the result of the current study revealed that more than three-fifths of studied sample was female. Regarding to the cause of visually impaired, it noticed that cataract was a relatively frequent cause of visual impairment, more than three-quarter of the studied sample had cataract, visual impairment is associated with a significant decrease in QOL among the studied sample, [14.9%] of the studied sample had low score while three-fifths of them had moderate score. Visual impairment affected QOL domains, such as physical domains, self dependence psychological status, social domains, and environment domains. The results of the present study offer general awareness of the impact of visual impairment on the QOL of elderly patient. This suggests a greater need for eye care services in older populations. Increasing elderly awareness about the importance of regular eye examinations to detect early health deviation to make early detection, treatment, and prevent complications. Screening for all elderly population who suffer from diabetes for early detection of diabetic retinopathy this should be part of the health examination

Psychiatric home care, length of hospital stay and risk of rehospitalization in patients suffering from schizophrenia; a case control study in Al Madinah Al Munawarah Region

The effectiveness of the Psychiatric Home Care program versus the traditional, hospital-centered program needs to be evaluated for proper reform of mental health policy concerning schizophrenia. The objective of the study was to compare the length of hospital stay and risk of hospital re-admission in home-based versus the hospital based services for schizophrenic patients at the Psychiatric Home Care [PHC] of the Psychiatric Hospital, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study involved comparing 15 schizophrenic patients in a home-based care program for 1 year to the number and length of hospitalization they experienced in the year prior to being admitted to home based care. It also included a control group of 15 schizophrenic patients under hospital-based care. Both groups were followed up for 1 year. Results indicated that the number of hospital admissions significantly decreased in the case of patients receiving PHC. Psychiatric Home Care is superior to hospital based treatment in the management of schizophrenia

Assessment of knowledge and practice of women toward minor discomforts during the period of pregnancy

Aim of the study was to asses the knowledge and practice of women toward minor discomforts during the period of pregnancy. was descriptive study. Ante-natal out patient clinic at Benha University Hospital Research question What are knowledge and practices of women toward minor discomforts during the period of pregnancy? simple random sample, was collected randomly from I in a period of six months, three days per week and started from July 2006 until December 2006, the total number was 150 pregnant women for three trimesters, 50 pregnant women for each trimester. Tool for data collection was structured interviewing questionnaire sheet. The present study indicated that 64% of subjects were housewives, 52.6% had moderate education. The present study also indicated the highest level of minor discomforts during first trimesters were fatigue 92% and nausea and vomiting 88%, during second trimester were hemorrhoids 84%, backache 76%, and faintness and dizziness 70%, during 3rd trimester were backache 84%, hemorrhoids and heart burn 76%, leg cramp and dyspnea 74%, concerning knowledge as reported by women about minor discomforts 24%. The study indicated that 40% of sample had poor knowledge at 1st trimester while 42% of sample had good knowledge at 2nd trimester followed by 3rd trimester. This study also indicated that the highest level of practices 59% to relieve minor discomforts during 2nd trimester followed by 3rd trimester 56.9% and 1st trimester 55% practices that performed to relieve fatigue was assistance of husband in house working. The practice to relieve hemorrhoids was to increase vegetables rich with fiber and the practice to relieve backache was to use proper body mechanics. There are significant differences among three trimesters as regarding level of minor discomforts. The mean level of minor discomforts during first trimester [63.6 +/- 16.8] is higher than 2nd and 3rd trimester and the highest level during first trimester is fatigue [92%]. Teaching mothers about minor discomforts and self care measures to cope with it and differentiate between them. Future studies of common complain of pregnancy and its management

Enhancement of knowledge and attitude for secondary school adolescent girls regarding reproductive health

Reproductive health is a crucial part of the general health, not only as a key element of the health during adolescence and adulthood but also through sitting the stage for health beyond the reproductive years for both women and men.The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of enhancement of knowledge and attitude of secondary school girls regarding reproductive health.The present study hypothized that most of girls had lack of knowledge and misconception about reproductive health issues which may negatively affect their attitude before providing them with guideline. The study conducted at Alshiamaa secondary school located in Benha City at Kaluobia Governorate .The sample included 160 girls in adolescent period, from third year. The tools of data collection were structured demographic sheet, knowledge questionnaire sheet and modified Likert Scale. The result showed that 58.8% of secondary school girls who are included in the study had poor knowledge about reproductive health issues and 67.5% of them had negative attitude about it. The study recommended that, developing reproductive health awareness programs targeted to adolescents on large sample size, in different schools to high light this issue

Effect of the degree of polymerization on the intrinsic discoloration of light activated resin composite restorations

This study was carried out to investigate the effect oft he degree of polymerization on the intrinsic discoloration of light activated resin composite restorations. Three different commercially available resin composites were used in this study. Each group was subdivided into three sub groups, according to time of curing. Half of the specimens in each sub group, where stored in dry condition while the other half was stored in coffee. Color was assessed by the spectrophotometer and degree of polymerization was measured by FTIR. The collected data were statistically analyzed using two way analysis of variance [ANOVA]. Reverse relationship was found between the intrinsic discoloration and the degree of polymerization. The curing time should not be less than 40 sec. to ensure better color stability of different resin composites

Prevalence of celiac disease in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in genetically susceptible individuals after ingestion of gluten. Early diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease could potentially prevent the development of serious complications like osteoporosis, small bowel lymphoma, and infertility. Nowadays, the availability of non-invasive serological tests for celiac disease altered the classical diagnostic pathway, and allows screening of populations at particular risk of developing celiac disease. Celiac disease is associated with many other autoimmune disorders, type 1 diabetic patients may have the risk of developing celiac disease or one of its complication. to determine the prevalence of celiac disease in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus attending the outpatient diabetic clinic of Alexandria University Main Hospital. 200 adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus screened for celiac disease by anti-endomysial [EMA] IgA antibodies, and anti-tissue transglutaminase [tTG] IgA antibodies, In addition, Anti-endomysial [EMA] IgG antibodies used to detect patients with IgA deficiency. Distal duodenal biopsy and histopathological examination was performed for any serologically positive patient. Eight [4%] patients showed positive results for all performed serological tests. They all confirmed to be celiac diseased by histopathological examination of distal duodenal biopsy. Anther three patients showed only weak positive liter for tTG-lgA and all of them revealed normal mucosal histopathological finding. Anti- endomysial [EMA] IgA assay showed optimal concordance with histopathological finding. In three patients of the celiac group; the disease was asymptomatic. Symptoms [anemia, fatigue, short stature, diarrhea abdominal distension, recurrent aphthus ulcer, and recurrent hypoglycaemic attacks] in a mild form were significantly higher in the diabetic-celiac group than that in diabetic non-celiac group. There were no significant differences between the diabetic-celiac group and diabetic non-celiac group as regard age, diabetic onset, duration, or glycemic control. Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus have an increased prevalence of celiac disease. Because most cases are clinically unrecognized, consideration should be given to screening all patients with type 1 diabetes. EMA serological screening and confirmatory histopathological examination of distal duodenal biopsy remain the best screening strategy to detect celiac disease in patients with type 1 diabetes

Posterior lumbar interbody interfusion with threaded titanium cages in low grade spondylolisthesis

Evaluation of posterior lumbar interbody fusion with titanium cages, BAK system [Bagby - Kuslich, Spine Tech, Inc. Minneapolis, MN] for low grade spondylolisthesis [Grade I, II]. Interbody cages have been developed to replace tricortical interbody grafts in posterior lumbar interbody fusion [PLIF] procedures. The cages provide immediate postoperative stability and facilitate bony union with cancellous bone packed in the cage itself. Superior fusion rates and clinical outcomes have been obtained by using titanium cages. The authors evaulated 26 consecutive patients of whom surgery was performed in the Alexandria University Hospital. The neuroradiologic work-up consisted of plain x-ray lumbosacral spine, computerised tomography lumbosacral spine, and magnetic resonance imaging lumbosacral spine. Surgery was performed at the L4-5 level in 18 cases and at the L5-S1 level in 8 cases. The median follow-up was 15 months. Transpedicular screws and rods were added in 14 patients to enhance stabilisation. Satisfactory fusion was obtained at all levels during the one-year follow-up, with a fusion rate was 92.5%. Overall, 77% of the patients were satisfied with their clinical outcome. The function of interbody fusion cages is to stabilise the spina! segment primarily by distracting them as well as by allowing bone ingrowth and fusion. The procedure is safe and effective with a 92.5% fusion rate and a 77% overall patient satisfaction rate

Female breast cancer: epidemiological and clinical study of some risk factors among Egyptian females- multi clinics study

This study was conducted on 390 female breast cancer patients and an equal number of females as controls. The patients were attending some University and Teaching Hospitals in Cairo and Assuit. Ninety of them were newly operated. A retrospective, case-control, clinic based study was chosen to carry out this research. The aim of the study was to describe the sociodemographic, characteristics and clinical features of female breast cancer and to determine its risk factors among Egyptian women. All the patients and the controls had undergone physical examinations. Laboratory investigations were done for the newly operated patients and their controls. The most important characteristics of breast cancer patients were breast mass as the main presenting symptom [92.1%] and treated by modified radical mastectomy [77.2%]. Low means level of serum vitamin D and high levels of serum cholesterol and triglyceride were found more among the patients. Age at first full term pregnancy >/= 30 years, age at menopause >/= 45 years, pregnancy termination and/or abortion and never married were important gynaecological and reproductive risk factors [OR=4.44, 3.14, 2.84 and 2.67, respectively]. Also, exposure to radiation and/or environmental factors, history of benign breast disease and alcohol use were important associated risk factors [OR=5.05, 4.63 and 4.10, respectively]. Moreover, the sister as the nearest female relative with breast cancer, total number of female relatives with breast cancer >/= 2 and relative[s] age at diagnosis <50 years were important family history risk factors [OR=9.19, 8.84 and 7.91, respectively]. Lastly, high consumption of canned foods, fat rich foods and low consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables were important dietary risk factors [OR=3.39, 1.76 and 1.51, respectively]

Pesticide residues in some medicinal plant oils with pharmaceutical aids

Organophosphorous residues were studied in 28 samples of medicinal plant oils collected from different herbal producers in great Cairo during the year 2004. Each group of samples [7 samples] from the same place were taken codes [SK,SH,SN and SO]. Samples of group [SN] were free from any detectable amount of pesticide residues. On the other hand some of samples in the other three tested groups were contaminated with one or more of these pesticides profenofos, malathion, chiorpyrifos and diazinon. Cumin oil of group [SH] was contaminated with malathion 1.9 mg/kg, chlorpyrifos 735 mg/kg and profenofos 1.6 mg/kg, while in samples of group [SK] diazinon,chlorpyrifos phosalone and profenofos were detected in amounts 5.42 mg/kg, 12.46 mg/kg, 7.44 mg/kg and 10.8 mg/kg respectively, while in group [SO] the sample was contaminated with profenofos with concentration 44 mg/kg. Pesticide residues in peppermint oil was detected in one sample only in group [SK] with concentration diazinon 25 mg/kg, malathion 22 mg/kg and chlorpyrilos 6.8 mg/kg. Pesticide residues in anise oil samples were detected in two tested groups [SK,SH],as for [SK group] it was contaminated with diazinon, malathion and chlorpyrifos 1.47,1.67 and 1.6 mg/kg respectively and for [SH group] malathion was detected 19 mg /kg and profenofos 9.3 mg /kg. Fennel, rosemary, eucalyptus, clove, lemon and orange oil samples were all free from any detectable amount of pesticide residues in the four tested groups.

Depressive symptoms and quality of life in cancer patients in comparison with depressed psychotic patients

This cross-sectional study aims to assess the nature and severity of depressive symptoms and quality of life in cancer patients, compared to psychotic depressed patients. The study sample consisted of 40 cancer patients recruited from outpatient clinics of chemotherapy and radiotherapy at Ain Shams University hospital. The control group included 40 consecutive patients with diagnosis of depression taken from outpatient clinic of the Institute of Psychiatry of Ain Shams University. The ressearchers applied interview sheet for patients, Beck depression rating scale and quality of life depression rating scale. The results revealed statistically significantly higher prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms in the study group, compared to control, p=0.003. The two groups were also different as regards nature of depression. The quality of life domains were also statistically significantly different between them. However, no statistically significant difference could be revealed in overall quality of life score. It was recommend to develop protocols and individualized interventions that respond to psychological and physical needs of cancer patients to promote their quality of life. Nurses must increase Their efforts to identify those who are most psychologically vulnerable and those who perceive that obstacles exist to seek emotional help through counseling and psychological services

Natural pain relief measures: effect on labor outcome

A variety of pain relieving measures in labor are available, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. The goal is to use a method to reduce or modify labor pains without causing ill effects to the mother or baby. All forms of pain medications cross the placental barrier affecting the baby, so natural measures for pain relief are appropriate methods to be easily used by nurses, midwives at hospital or at home births. This study included 200 parturients divided equally into 4 groups. The first group received back massage only; the second group received heat compresses and the third group received both massage and heat compresses. The fourth group was a control group applying conventional pharmacological pain relief measures. Severe pain was experienced significantly more among women in the control group [88%] than the intervention groups [16%, 18% and 12% respectively, p < 0.001]. The fetal heart rates and the maternal vital signs were not affected in the study groups. This study emphasized the natural non-pharmacological inexpensive methods as effective measures for pain relief during labor

Selenium level in young car - tire repair workers in Egypt.

Ten young males aged 10-15 years who work as assistants in car-tire repair shops in Cairo and 10 matched controls from the same city were included in this study. Clinical examination and basal laboratory tests were done to both groups. Serum selenium was measured using atomic spectrophotometer. The selenium level in the serum of Egyptian population was lower than the average level of many nations in the world, which may be attributed to the decrease in the selenium level of the Egyptian soil or the low intake. Also, selenium serum levels among children who were working in car-tire repair were markedly reduced than the matched controls

Control of ctenocephalides felis on dogs and cats using the insect growth regulator [or chitin synthesis inhibitor] lufenuron program, in Egypt

Lufenuron, the chitin synthesis inhibitor [Program, Novartis, Switzerland] was given orally at doses of 10 mg/kg b. wt. to dogs and 30 mg/kg b. wt. to cats every four weeks [monthly] for the treatment of experimental flea infestations. Three-four weeks after the last infestation, lufenuron had effectively controlled the Ct. Felis infestation of dogs and cats as the drug prevented the development of the offspring of adult female fleas feeding on animals. Flea populations remained absent or very low until the end of the study, 91 days after the first treatment

Systemic lupus erythemathematosus: fetal and maternal outcome

We aimed to assess the outcome of pregnancy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE] and to evaluate clinical and laboratory markers for fetal outcome and maternal flares. Twenty-three patients were evaluated prospectively between 2000 and 2002. There were 27 [66%] live births, 8 [19%] spontaneous abortions, and 6 [15%] stillbirths. Of live born infant births, 8 [29%] were premature, 10 [38%] had suffered intrauterine growth restriction and one [3.7%] had neonatal lupus. Maternal lupus flares occurred in 33% of pregnancies, mostly in the second trimester [23%] and in the post-partum period [49%]. Flares during pregnancy showed a statistically significant association with discontinuation of hydroxychloroquine treatment, a history of more than three flares before gestation and a SLEDAT [Systemic lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index] score of 5 in these flares. Antiphospholipid antibodies, C3 hypocomplementaemia and hypertension during pregnancy were significantly associated with fetal loss, prematurity and intrauterine growth restriction. Patients with more active SLE and those with aPL antibodies and hypertension should be monitored and managed carefully during pregnancy

Study of serum amylin in liver cirrhosis with diabetes mellitus

This study aimed to evaluate plasma amylin level in patients with chronic liver disease with and without diabetes. The study included 20 patients with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus [12 males and eight females], ten patients with liver cirrhosis and normal glucose tolerance [eight males and two with a mean age of 49.5 +/- 12.9 years] and ten patients with NIDDM without liver disease [two males and eight females with a mean age of 56.1 +/- 7.4 years] in addition to ten healthy individuals as controls [six males and four females with a mean age of 39.4 +/- 4.1 years]. In all patients and controls, an oral glucose tolerance test was done and the levels of plasma C-peptide and amylin [using RIA kits] were measured

Cryptosporidium nasorum among mugil cephalus and tilapia zillii from three different localities in Egypt

In order to add data on fish cryptosporidiosis in Egypt, the present work was conducted on 213 fish [Mugil cephalus and Tilapia zillii] collected from Mediterranean Sea [Port Said], Suez Canal [Ismailia] and Fayoum [Lake Quarun] during the period from June to November 1996. Cryptosporidium nasorum was recorded from 27.23% of them. Crosstransmission of this pathogen to chicken host failed. Furthermore, the present work confirmed the impossible transmission of C. parvum to the lower vertebrates [fish]