[Comparison of depression between kidney transplant recipients from live donors with cadavers in hospitals of Mashhad university of medical sciences]

Kidney transplant surgery may impact various aspects of the life and results in individual and psychological problems. Receiving a kidney from a cadaver donor is associated with beliefs related to death of donor and with recipient's survival. The aim of this study was to compare the rate of depression in patients receiving kidney from living donors with cadaveric donor kidney transplant .patients that were referred to nephrology clinics in hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2010. A descriptive - comparative design was used. The sample of the study consisted of 60 patients receiving kidney from living donors and 60 cadaveric kidney transplantation attended to nephrology clinics in hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected by a demographic questionnaire and Beck depression Inventory. The reliability of this test was evaluated with test-retest and Pearson correlation test was 0. 95. Data were analyzed with SPSS software [version 13]. Depression scores in living kidney transplantation group were 11.6 +/- 5.7, and in the cadaveric group was 16.4 +/- 9.4. Independent t-test showed a significant difference between two groups scores of depression [P<0. 005]. The results showed a higher depression scores in kidney transplantation from cadaveric donors. Therefore it is recommended that efforts to detect and treat depression be included in the care of transplant patients before and after the surgery

[Determine of association quality of life and stress coping method among the caregiver of patient with multiple sclerosis; MS society, Ahvaz 2008]

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease that involves central nervous system. This disease which causes incapability in adult happens after traumatic accidents. 7000 cases are added annually to MS patient in Iran. This study was conducted to determine the quality of life and stress coping method among the family member and multiple sclerosis caregivers. 200 cases of family members and caregivers of patient with MS and dependent to Ahvaz MS society enrolled in this descriptive study. Three inanimate questionnaires were used to evaluate the cases. 108 male and 90 eligible female enrolled in this study. The quality of their life was normal physically, psychologically and socioeconomically. Generally, the quality of the males' life was better than the females', especially psychologically. Majority of male and female used normal and good coping method, and we also found a direct and statistically significant correlation between the level of education and the quality of life among the caregivers. Higher level of quality of life among the caregiver with higher level of education and use of suitable stress coping method among them, revealed the necessity of socio-economical supports and contour programs for educating family members and caregiver of patient with multiple sclerosis, especially for caregiver with lower level of knowledge and education

[Effect of training on level of knowledge and attitude of female health workers on menopause and its related proble]

Introduction: Menopause is a natural period of life that means permanent cessation of menstruation and end of reproductive period, which occurs at age of 45-52 years

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of training or knowledge and attitude of female health workers working in east of Gilan province regarding menopause and its related problems

Materials and Methods: 386 female health workers responded to questions on knowledge and attitude about menopause and its related problems

Results: Findings showed that before training, 29.5% of health workers had good knowledge, 26.2% had average knowledge and 44.3% had weak knowledge and after education the results of good average and week knowledge changed to 85.2%, 13.2% and 1.6% respectively. Also their attitude to word menopause before training the levels of attitude was 31.6% positive, 63%neutral and 5.4% negative, and after training 94.7% had positive, 2.6% neutral and 0%had negative attitude

Conclusion: The results showed training promoted level of awareness and attitude about menopause and its related problems. There was a significant difference [p<0.000] between awareness and attitude of health workers and variables such as age, work experience, marital status, educational level and sources of information before and after training. Therefore training and education is the best way of promoting the level of knowledge, changing attitude and enabling them

Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the serodiagnosis of strongyloidosis

To evaluate an enzyme- linked immunosorbaent assay using filariform larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis to detect specific antibodies in patients with strongytoidosis. Design: Serum samples obtained from individuals infected with strongytoidosis and other parasitic diseases as well as normal people were analyzed by IgG-ELISA using crude antigen of filariform larvae. Setting: School of Public Health Serum Blood Bank, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, volunteers people and selected patients. Subjects: Serum samples were obtained from 46 individuals infected with strongytoidosis, 37 from normal individuals and 379 cases from others with different parasitic infections. Main outcome measures: The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the test. Result: The cut-off point was 0.537. The sensitivity of the test was 93.47%, whereas the specificity was 96.15%. The positive and negative predictive values were 72.88% and 99.25% respectively. Three individuals with hydatidosis, one with ascariasis and 12 with toxocariasis had antibodies that were reactive against larval antigen. ELISA method using filariform larval antigen provides a sensitive and specific diagnostic assay