[Relative ranking of fire and explosion in a petrochemical industry by fire and explosion index]

Fire and explosion hazards are considered as the first and second major hazards in process industries. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the fire and explosion hazards as well as relative classification of such hazards in a petrochemical industry. This was a quantitative study in which the process units were selected based on parameters affecting the risk of fire and explosion. Later, these parameters were analyzed using DOW's fire and explosion index [F and EI]. Technical data to determine the index were obtained through process documents and reports as well as the fire and explosion guideline. Following calculating the DOW's index, the high and low risk process units were determined. The stripper column with a rank of 226 and the naphtha tank with a rank of 64 were determined as the most and least disastrous process units. The level of hazard was determined as severe for columns [F and EI>158], heavy for magna-former reactor and gasoline furnace [127< F and EI

School desk and chair design based on high school female students anthropometry Qazvin, Iran 2007 to 2008

Anthropometry data compiled from body dimensions of female high school students are used to optimize the design of desks and chairs for the classrooms of these students. It is necessary to design suitable desk/chair based on anthropometry data in order to reduce musculoskeletal, visual, circulatory problems, and bad posture during long hours of studying. The goal of this study is to design desks/chairs based on the standard BS 5873 using the body dimensions of 240 female high school students. 240 female students, between the ages of 15 to 17 years old were selected from six different high schools in district 2 of city of Qazvin in Iran. Data for this study were gathered using an interview method and anthropometry measurement devices. Eighteen body dimension parameters of 240 female high school students were obtained. The collected data were analyzed and compared to the standard using SPSS methods. The participant students were divided into 2 groups and customized desk/chair designs were built to fit their body dimensions. There is a significant difference between each customized desk and chair dimension, and standard dimensions used in the industry with an exception of the heights of these designs. We suggest that customized designs based on body dimensions promote correct posture, comfort and health