[ in vitro comparison of micro-leakage of two self-etch adhesive and the onebottle adhesive used in pit and fissure sealant with or without saliva contamination]

Complete control of intra- oral moisture is difficult to achieve. To minimize the deleterious effects of contaminated enamel on bonding, some authors have advocated the use of adhesive systems under the sealant. The aim of this study was to compare the microleakage of two self-etch adhesive and the one-bottle adhesive use in pit and fissure sealant with or without saliva contamination. Sixty extracted non-carious upper premolar teeth were assigned to the six groups of 10 teeth. Group 1: acid + saliva + Single Bond + sealant, Group 2: acid + Single Bond +sealant, Group 3: saliva + S3 Bond +sealant, Group 4: S[3] Bond + sealant, Group 5: saliva +Protect Bond+ sealant, Group 6: Protect Bond +sealant. The teeth were thermocycled [1000 cycles, 5-55[degree sign] c] and immersed in 2% basic Fuchsine dye for 24 hours. Then the teeth were sectioned and examined with a stereomicroscope under X40 magnification. The results were evaluated with Kruskal - Wallis and Dunn. Group 2 had lower microleakage scores than group 4 and 6. Also, group 6 has the lower microleakage scores than group 4 and generally an increase in microleakage was observed in each group related to contamination. The findings showed that the best technique of sealant therapy in saliva contaminated and non-contaminated condition is the use of acid-etching and bonding agent and so the use of self-etch adhesive, is not advised

[Prevalence of dentoalveolar malocclusions in patients with temporomandibular disorders, referred to dental school of Ahvaz]

Temporomandibular disorders [TMD] is one of the most common problems in the head and neck area. Depending of its indexes, the prevalence of TMD among different societies has been reported differently by various researchers. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of types of malocclusion in patients with temperomandibular disorders referred to dental school of Ahvaz during 2005-2006 This descriptive cross -sectional study was based on interview and observation of 216 twenty to sixty year old patients with the average of 31.6 years of age that suffering from TMD. To determine the relationship between malocclusion and TMD the SPSS software and proportional comparison test was used. The prevalence of TMD was 59.76% in females, 40.3% in males and 50.9% in patients between 20 to 30 years old. The most common sign of TMD was joint sounds [61.1%] and the less common was limitation in lateral jaw movement. 15.7% of the patients had normal occlusion, 58.8% Cl one malocclusion, 9.8% Cl two d1 malocclution, 11.5% Cl two d2 malocclusion, 4.2% Cl three malocclusion, 10.6% Crossbite, 8.3% open bite, 40.8% abnormal overjet, 30.1% abnormal overbite, and 59.8% had crowding. The prevalence of TMD was higher in females than males, and the age of prevalence was 20-30. The most common sign of TMD was joint sounds and the less common was limitation in lateral jaw movement. The prevalence of posterior open bite and decreased overbite in TMD group was significant [p=0.000], but there was no relationship between other types of malocclusion and TMD

[Evaluation of relationship between orthodontic treatment need according dental aesthetic index [DAI] and student's perception in 11-14 year old students in the city of Ahwaz in 2005]

In contemporay orthodontics, the number of people who demand orthodontic treatment for improving their psychosocial problems retated to facial esthetic has been increased. Even in treatment planning more attention has been give to appearance and esthetic. The purpose of this study was to determin relationship between orthodontic treatment required according to the Dental Aesthetic Index [DAI] and student's perception in 11-14 year- olds in Ahwaz. This decriptive cross sectional study was performed on 900 students [450 girls, 450 boys]. The students that participated in this study were those who did not received any orthodontic treatment before or at the time of the study. Two questionnaires were used, the first one included different DAI criteria and second one included some questions about the students' perception on the appearance of their teeth. The results were analyzed by Chi-Square test and T-test. In 70.9% students DAI score was 13-25, which indicates no treatment to minimal treatment is necessary. In 19.2% students DAI score was 26-30 which presented definite malocclusion with optional treatment. In 7.8% students DAI score was 31-35 that which showed sever malocclusion with treatment highly desirable. In 2.1% students, the DAI score was greater than 35 which showed very sever malocclusion and treatment is mandatory. The relationship between the DAI Score and sex, chewing and talking were not statistically significant. But the relationship between the DAI score and orthodontic treatment need and satisfaction of dental appearance were significant [P=0.000]. In comparison to other studies, the students in Ahwaz had a better dental appearance and minimal need for orthodontic treatment. 1] A significant relationship exists between the need for orthodontic treatment and student's perception [P=0.000]. 2] In comparing the two sexes, boys had a greater need for orthodontic treatment, but is not statistically significant. 3] The relationship of the DAI score and a person's satisfaction of dental appearance, anxiety in laughing, person's appearance in relation to other students and being ridiculed were significant [P=0.000]