[Analytical on empowerment interventions in older people with chronic disease: a review literature]

Introduction: The growing number of older people in world, will increase chronic diseases. It is necessary empowerment interventions for reduce health costs, authority and self-efficacy attainment and informed health related decisions-making. The aim of this article was to critically analyze the findings of publish review empowerment interventions studies in older people with chronic diseases

Materials and Methods: This descriptive review was conducted to examine how empowerment is conceptualized across interventions. Computerized and manual searches were conducted of articles regardless of the time limit. Computerized searches of Academic Search Ovid, Science Direct, Elsevier and Iran Medex databases were conducted. During this search, 20 studies were found which met the inclusion criteria

These studies were assessed and criticized based on Sidani and Braden [1998] framework

Findings: Results showed that some studies did not use the theoretical frame and outcome of criteria were not clear too. In addition, all of empowerment dimensions effects of demographic variables on empowerment were neither considered, nor had a follow-up program

Conclusion: According empowerment interventions and its limitations, it is suggested that all empowerment dimensions should be considered in further research studies

[Workplace violence status, vulnerable and preventive factors among nurses working in psychiatric wards]

Introduction: Workplace violence is one of the issues that nurses face in clinical practice, which needs to be studied. One of the most eventful clinical environments is a psychiatric ward. The aim of this study was to determine workplace violence status, vulnerable and preventive factors among nurses working in psychiatric wards

Materials and Methods: In this study, 183 nurses were selected from psychiatric wards in Razi Psychiatric Center in Tehran, by simple random sampling. Data gathered with [International Workplace Violence Questionnaire]

The questionnaire contains 4 subscales, physical, mental, sexual and rational violence and three open ended questions. Content and face validity were measured by opinion of experts and reliability was confirmed by test-retest [r=0.73].Data analyzed with descriptive statistics methods by SPSS/18

Findings: Prevalence of workplace violence was 71% in one year period. Physical and psychological violence, respectively, with a frequency of 4.93% and 6.71%, respectively racial and sexual violence, respectively, with a frequency of 1.19%, and 5.5% lower than subjects who had suffered violence. Majority of samples' reaction [39.9%] was to calm the aggressive person. Furthermore, most of them [61.2%] supposed that providing educational course of violence control and 59.6% thought that providing a management system to report control is necessary

Conclusion: Psychiatric nurses permanently exposed to a variety of physical and verbal violence. Providing function for prevention is suggested

[Study of the mental health status of dormitory students in university of social welfare and rehabilitation sciences]

Introduction: University student in dormitory perceive multiple stressors during educational experience, that can lead to disruption in mental health status. The purpose of this study was to determine, mental health status of university students in dormitory

Method: This is a descriptive-analytic study, 162 university students from 7 dormitory of University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science were selected by proportional sampling. The instruments for collection data were demographic data, General Health Questionnaire. Analysis was done by t-independent Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis, Pearson correlation, Chi-squre, Kolmogrov-smirnov by using SPSS software and 95 percent coefficient

Results: Findings showed that 54.3 percent [88 person] of university students were suspect for mental disorders. The high mean was related to social function disorder and then sleep disorder and anxiety, physical symptoms and depression. There was negative significant relation between age, education term, dormitory living time and mental health status [P<0.05]

Conclusion: According to our findings, university students in dormitory are at risk for mental disorder, because some factors. Therefore, it is necessary to try for removing factors that relate to this problem