[Pathological study on central nervous system in Iranian cattle and buffaloes: a provincial study]

Evaluation of clinical signs and pathological lesions could be very important for recognition of nervous system diseases in cattle and buffaloes. This study was carried out to understand the nature of pathological conditions affecting brain of cattle and buffaloes in an abattoir study. 46 samples out of 850 samples [37 cattle, 9 buffaloes] which showed various macroscopic lesions were collected for detailed examination. The specimens were ginned processed through routine method for paraffin embedding section [5-7micron], stained by haematoxilyin and eosin method. Congestion and hemorrhage [8 cows, 9 buffaloes]; pigmentation [4 cows]; chromatolysis [4 cows, 2 buffaloes]; gliosis [4 cows, 1 buffalo]; vacuolization of the white matter [4 cows]; necrosis [6 cattles, 2 buffaloes]; cerebellum edema [3 cows]; perivascular cuffing [4 cows, 3 buffaloes]; blood vessels hyperplasia [3 cows]; coenurus cerebralis [3 cows]; encephalitis [9 cattle, 1 buffalo]; mineralization [5 cows]; meningeal hemorrhage and congestion [10 cows, 9 buffaloes]; meningeal edema [2 cows]; meningitis [7 cows]; cerebral congestion and hemorrhage [1cow, 5 buffaloes]; degeneration of molecular layer [2 cows]; degeneration of granular layer [3 cows] Purkinje cells degeneration [cows 4, 1 buffalo]. Multiple lesions in the central nervous system have been observed in apparently healthy animals without clinical signs. Considering the importance of ruminants encephalopathy and comparing these results can be a basis for further study

[Effect of methylene dioxy metha amphetamine administration during pregnancy on reproductive system of BALB/c mice]

The pregnancy period is very sensitive and complicative stages of life. It has been shown that addictive drugs such as ecstasy [MDMA: Methylene Dioxy Metha Amphetamine] can interfere in this stage. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Methylene Dioxy Metha Amphetamine administration during pregnancy on reproductive system of BALB/c mice. In this experimental study, 10 and 5 female BALB/c mice were randomly selected as cases and controls, respectively. The pregnancy was induced following ovarian hyperstimulation with PMSG and hCG followed by mating with male animals. MDMA [5 mg/kg] and saline was injected intraperitoneally in day 7 and 14 of pregnancy in experimental and controls, respectively. The ovarian structure, as well as uterine tube, uterine horns and body, and vagina were studied histologically using light microscopy 27 days post delivery date. Data analyzed by using SPSS-17 and Chi-Square and Fisher exact test. The rate of primary follicles was decreased from 18.42% in experimental to 33.33% in controls [P<0.05]. The rate of mature follicles was significantly increased in experimental mice as compared to controls [P<0.05]. The number of atretic bodies was lower in experimental than controls. The cellular alterations were observed in some portions of uterine tubes and uterine horns after ecstasy administration. However, no alterations observed in other parts of reproductive system. This study showed that MDMA cause some structural alterations in the uterine tubes and uterine horns, increase follicular maturation and reduction of follicular atresia in BALB/c mice

Detection and identification of Toxoplasma gondii type one infection in sheep aborted fetuses in Qazvin province of Iran

The aim of this study was to apply the nested-PCR and bioassay methods in detection and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii infection in provided sheep aborted fetus samples from Qazvin Province of Iran. Eighteen sheep aborted fetal samples were studied by nested-PCR-RFLP, histopathological observation and microbiological assay. Bioassay in mice was carried out by inoculating the brain samples intraperitoneally. The results demonstrated the frequency of 66% infected sheep aborted fetal samples with T. gondii type one. Although we could not isolate any parasite from inoculated mice even after three passages, but it was confirmed histopathologically formation of cyst like bodies in prepared mice brain sections. The results of the performed nested-PCR and formation of brain cyst in inoculated mice exhibited that T. gondii type one infection might be considered as one of the major causative agents for abortion in ewes

Evaluation of the changes in the shape and location of the prostate and pelvic organs due to bladder filling and rectal distension

A steep dose gradient between prostate and organs at risk [rectum and bladder] is ideal in treatment modality, so prostate displacement and deformation due to bladder filling and rectal distension play an important role in critical organs dose. This study aims to evaluate the changes in the shape and location of the prostate and pelvic organs due to bladder filling and rectal distension. Three patients who referred for transrectal prostatic biopsy [Shahid Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran] with different prostate sizes were enrolled. A 1.5-Tesla MRI system [Avanto, Siemens, Germany] and an ultrasound system [Logiq 500, GE medical systems, USA] were used to collect images of patients prostate at different stages of bladder and rectum fullness. The mean displacement of the prostate after bladder filling in the supine and left decubitus positions along the Anterior-Posterior [AP] axis was posterior by 4.9 mm [range: 0.7-6.3 mm] and along the Superior-Inferior [SI] axis was inferior by 3.4 mm [range: 1.4-5 mm]. Prostate displacement in the Left-Right [LR] axis was negligible. The mean prostate displacement after rectal distension was anterior by 7.1 mm in the supine position, 5.1 mm anterior in the left decubitus position and along the SI axis was inferior by 2.5 mm in the supine and left decubitus positions. The maximum prostate deformation due to rectal distension and bladder filling in the supine position was as large as 3.2 mm, 1.9 mm and 1.2 mm in the AP, SI and LR directions respectively. While in the left decubitus position, it was 2.6 mm, 1.2 mm and 1.3 mm in the AP, LR and SI axis respectively. It is probably of importance to evaluate the influence of the changes in the shape and location of the prostate due to bladder filling, rectal distension and patient position in post-implant brachytherapy dosimetry. Using images of the patients in the left decubitus position with full bladder and distended rectum for planning a treatment are suggested

[Changes in unprotected sexual behavior and shared syringe use among addicts referring to Methadone Maintenance Treatment [MMT] centers affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Shiraz, Iran: an uncontrolled interventional study]

AIDS is a lethal disease, for which there is no treatment or any vaccine to prevent it. The injection-drug use and unprotected sexual behavior are two factors important in HIV transmission. This study was conducted to determine changes in high-risk sexual and injection-drug use behaviors associated with HIV among drug users referring to Methadone Maintenance Treatment centers in Shiraz, Iran. This before-after interventional study with no control group included drug-users [n=694] referring to all the 7 MMT centers in Shiraz, Iran in 2009. The data were collected by interviewing patients and using a questionnaire. The software used for data analysis was SPSS 15, the statistical test being the Wilcoxon test. The average age of the clients was 36.5 +/- 9.5 years. Most of them were males [% 92.1] and single [% 43.1]. 37.3% of them being injection-drug users. The proportion of the injection-drug users having had at least one shared injection one week before referring to an MMT center was 23.3%, which decreased to 9.2% after one week. Analysis of the data also showed that 25.2% of the addicts had had at least one unprotected sexual contact during the previous month; the proportion decreased to 21.0% one month after referring to an MMT center. The reductions in the mean numbers of both shared injections and unprotected sexual contacts were statistically significant [p <0.001]. Considering the effectiveness of the MMT centers in reducing risky behaviors of injection-drug users, it is essential to expand these centers at both the national and regional levels quantitatively and qualitatively and encourage drug-users to refer to them and seek help. This will help greatly in the prevention of HIV

[Relationship between emotional intelligence with conflict management strategies among educational and research managers of Shiraz university of medical sciences]

Introduction: Successful managers integrate strong interpersonal skills with technical knowledge to improve their performances. Emotional Intelligence not only provides the basis to further these skills, but also plays an important role in efficiency of group members and solves conflicts using emotions. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between Emotional Intelligence with conflict management strategies among educational and research managers of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 81 educational and research managers from faculties and research centers were selected using random sampling. Three questionnaires including Robin's conflict management, Schering Emotional Intelligence and individual traits were used for data gathering. Data were analyzed using t-test, Chi-square, and Pierson correlation tests

Results: The mean of emotional intelligence was 115.01. About half of the managers [50.6%] used avoidance strategy, and only 47.2% used collaboration strategy. Educational managers [87.6%] and males [59.6%] tend to use avoidance strategy more. Research managers [62.86%] and females [34.5%] used control strategy more. There was no statistically significant correlation between emotional intelligence with the strategies. Among educational managers, there was a statistically significant negative relationship between control strategy and management experiences. Among males, there were significant negative relationships between emotional intelligence and avoidance/collaboration strategies

Conclusion: Emotional Intelligence is an important factor to recognize and solve conflicts. It is necessary to improve top managers' performances through learning emotional intelligence strategies to them. The continuing education of conflict management strategies would help managers to recognize and manage conflicts timely and properly

[Unilateral nasopalatine duct cyst , differential diagnosis and treatment plan: a case report]

The Nasopalatine duct cyst is the most common developmental nonodontogenic cyst of the oral cavity, occurring in about 1% of the population. The most common presenting symptoms include swelling of the anterior palate, drainage and pain. Occasionally, this cyst is seen unilaterally. Nasopalatine duct cysts are treated by surgical enucleation. Recurrence and malignant transformations are rare. We reported a 54 y/o male patient from Tabriz. His chief complaint was unilateral swelling of the anterior right side of the maxillary mucosa. In clinical examination, a slight and painless swelling in the region of the right maxillary central, lateral and canine teeth was seen. Occlusal radiographs demonstrated well defined unilocular radiolucency. Final histopathologic diagnosis was "Nasopalatine duct cyst"

Molecular diagnosis of trichomoniasis in negative samples examined by direct smear and culture

Trichomoniasis is an extremely common sexually transmitted infection [STI] worldwide and is associated with important public health problems, including amplification of HIV transmission. This disease is in forms of symptomatic and asymptomatic in women and may depend on host as well as parasite variables. Most of the studies reported from females are based on examination of vaginal secretions and urine samples by direct smear and culture in modified Diamond's media. The aim of this study was checking the samples, which were negatively by direct smear and culture, with PCR technique. The urine samples and vaginal discharge of patients attending Gynecology Clinics of Mazandaran Province, Iran with different symptoms rechecked for Trichomonas vaginalis by PCR technique using primers targeting a conserved region of the beta-tubulin genes of the parasite. Data were analyzed by Epi Info software program. Out of 161 negative samples by direct smear and culture, seven samples [4.3%] were positive by PCR technique. Diagnosis of trichomoniasis by PCR is a sensitive and specific method that could play important role to help the physicians for properly treatment and control of infection

Frequency of developmental dysplasia of hip detected by graf's ultrasonographic method in icteric newborns: a preliminary study

Limping is a debilitating problem that can be prevented by screening at risk newborns. Jaundice is a problem that brings approximately one fifth of newborns to hospital in early infancy. The aim of this study was to find out whether the newborns with physiologic jaundice are at an increased risk of developing developmental dislocation of hip and whether it is logical to screen these newborns with Graf's ultrasonographic method. Throughout a year, 320 icteric newborns [640 hips] that referred to Nemazee Hospital Neonatal Emergency Room for checking their bilirubin were screened by Graf's ultrasonographic method for developmental dislocation of hip [DDH]. Any newborn with other problems such as congenital anomalies were excluded form this study. Of the 640 hips, 21 newborns [3.28%] had a dysplastic hip [Class IIa] that needed follow up and 12 from them came back for follow up of hip ultrasongraphy, all of whom became normal [Class Ia] without treatment. Only 1 hip did have severe dysplasia [Class IIc] [.16%] that needed treatment at the time of discovery. The rate of DDH seems not to increase in the newborns with physiologic jaundice. It seems not to be logical to screen newborns with physiologic jaundice with Graf's ultrasonographic method, if screening is not cost-effective

Diagnostic value of prostate specific antigen and its density in Iranian men with prostate cancer

The specific threshold for prostate-specific antigen and density [PSA, PSAD] to delineate which patients are at the highest risk has been controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of PSA and PSAD in Iranian patients with prostate cancer. Three hundred men with the serum PSA greater than 4.0 ng/ml, abnormal digital rectal examination and/or suspicious transrectal ultrasound underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies. PSAD was calculated by dividing the serum PSA in ng/ml by the volume of the entire prostate in cm3. Correlation with Gleason grade of the tumor was also made. The patients were divided into three groups according to their PSA values. The receiver operator characteristic [ROC] curve was produced from the raw data on all patients. One hundred and two patients showed a cancer rate of 34%. The mean PSA and PSAD of the cancer group were significantly higher than those of the non-cancer group with better performance of PSAD as confirmed by ROC curve. In patients with PSA levels between 4 and 10 ng/ml, mean PSAD values in positive and negative biopsy groups showed a significant difference while mean PSA values between these biopsy groups revealed no significant difference. The PSAD cutoff of more than 0.1 had higher sensitivity than 0.15 at the expense of increasing the number of unnecessary biopsies. Among those the patients with PSA levels above 10ng/ml, both mean PSA and PSAD values of positive and negative biopsy groups had significant differences. The sensitivity of PSAD cutoff of 0.1 was not significantly higher than 0.15 while PSAD of 0.15 showed a higher specificity. PSAD >0.15 missed cancer in 18 out of 102 patients, nearly half of those with clinically significant mid and high grade cancers. Overall, PSAD is a better diagnostic tool for the detection of prostate cancer than PSA, especially in patients with PSA between 4 and 10ng/ml. PSAD cutoff of 0.15 is not inclusive enough in patients with PSA levels between 4 and 10ng/ml and we propose PSAD of 0.1 as a better threshold for prostate biopsy in men with PSA at this range to detect clinically important cancers. Also, we recommend transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy in any patient with PSAD greater than 0.15 and PSA more than 4 ng/ml

High concentration of soluble form of vascular endothelial cadherin in sera of patients with prostate cancer

For many years, prostate-specific antigen [PSA] was used to screen prostate cancer [PC] patients. However, recent controversial findings have cast doubt on the accuracy of this biomarker for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, and have stimulated the search for new candidates. This study was conducted to determine the capability of a soluble adhesion molecule known as soluble vascular endothelial cadherin [sVE-cadherin] or CD144 to distinguish prostate cancer or benign prostate hyperplasia [BPH] patients from healthy individuals. Patients recently diagnosed as having PC [N=35] or BPH [N=35] and age-matched controls [N=30] were study enrolled. The concentration of sVE-cadherin and PSA was measured by ELISA. Gleason score in s with PC was determined by pathological examination of tumor biopsies. The concentration of sVE-cadherin in the serum of patients with PC and BPH was significantly higher hat in the healthy men. No association was found between the concentration of this soluble adhesion molecule and PSA values. Moreover, concentrations of sVE-cadherin did not correlate with Gleason scores in patients with PC. The high concentration of sVE-cadherin in our patients suggests that this bio-marker is a potentially tool to identify high-risk patients. However, further research in patients with PC and other pathological conditions is needed to support the efficacy of this molecule in PC screening

[ effect of active learning method on stability of information and satisfaction of physiopathology students in Yazd university of medical sciences]

Active Learning Method [ALM] is a model in which students are active in the class. This aim of this study is to compare stability of information and satisfaction of students in classic method of lecture and active learning method. This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 48 medical students [29 females and 19 males] selected through census sampling method and spending their physiopathology courses in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. Some sessions from the courses of "respiratory, digestive, and urinary diseases" were selected. Two forms for assessing students' satisfaction were used as pretest and post-test. The stability of information was assessed by 8 essay questions one month after teaching. SPSS software was used for data analysis using descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney and McNemar tests. Fifty six percent of students were generally satisfied with the project implementation. The median for stability assessment exam in classes held using ALM was 5 while it was 3.42 for classes using lecture method which had a significant difference [P=0.00]. Active learning method increases information stability in students' mind after the teaching session

Portal vein thrombosis: an unusual complication after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Postoperative portal vein thrombosis is a rare complication which occurs most often after hepatobiliary surgery. To date, few cases following laparoscopic cholecystectomy have been reported. In this paper we present a case of portal vein thrombosis diagnosed with abdominal CT scan on the seventh day following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patient was administered therapeutic intravenous heparin with resolution of symptoms

[ comparison of the effect of chlorhexidine gluconate 2% and alcohol ethylic 70% in prevention of phlebitis]

Over 80% of hospitalized patients receive IV therapy through peripheral catheters during a hospital stay. This technique of therapy has numerous complications such as phlebitis which can affect the patient's health state. The prevalence of phlebitis in Iran is higher than other countries. So, according to high prevalence of phlebitis and insufficient researches about chlorhexidine gluconate solution as a selective disinfectant for prevention of phlebitis, research in this subject seems necessary. This research is a clinical trial study which was done on hospitalized patients in Tabriz Imam Khomeini hospital in internal wards. For this aim collectively 60 patients were studied in chlorhexidine gluconate 2% and Alcohol ethylic [Ethanol] 70%.The Samples were selected through available sampling and divided in two groups randomly. Data collecting tool was observing checklist which includes two sections: demographic characteristics and standard scale of phlebitis signs and symptoms. This research showed that incidence of phlebitis in chlorhexidine group was 36.7% and in Alcohol ethylic group was 53.3% which there was no significant differences between both groups [p>0.05]. Although there were no significant differences between using of two solutions on prevention of phlebitis, but incidence, signs and symptoms of phlebitis in chlorhexidine group was lower than Alcohol ethylic group. So, it is suggested as a selected solution for disinfecting of catheter insertion site.

[Assessing clinical education fields from the viewpoints of nursing and midwifery instructors in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 2006]

Promoting clinical education quality, requires continuous assessment of the current situations in clinical education fields, identifying the strengths, and improving the weaknesses. The aim of this study was to assess clinical education fields of School of Nursing and Midwifery from the viewpoints of its faculty members. This study which is a description of current situation in clinical education fields, was carried out during the second semester of 2004-2005 academic year. The study population included clinical education teachers of school of nursing who were selected by census sampling method through 4 sessions held with the members of different departments of medical surgical, midwifery, pediatrics, health and psychiatric nursing. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire consisted of two parts: Clinical teachers' demographic data and the characteristics of clinical education field including 5 parts of the feAutres of compiled education program in the field, appropriate learning fields, method of education, method of evaluation, and other indices. Clinical teachers assessed educational departments of pediatrics [54.2 percent], medical-surgical [43.8 percent], midwifery [61.6 percent], and health and psychiatric nursing [57.5 percent] as good and excellent. Considering compiled program, clinical education fields were described as good and excellent by 74.9 percent of the participants. Some strength of this aspect included introducing the course objectives at the first day of clinical education as well as presenting references according to the references introduced by the related ministry. Appropriate position of nursing students and instructors in the field and also the unimportant role of the educational department in the management of the educational field were amongst weaknesses of this aspect. Although some aspects of clinical education field were good and excellent, improving positive aspects and modifying the weaknesses may be an effective step in clinical education quality promotion. Continuous assessment of clinical fields and comparing the current situation with the previous situation can reveal the strengths and weaknesses of clinical education

Trichomoniasis in asymptomatic patients

Trichomoniasis is an extremely common infection worldwide and is associated with important public health problems, including amplification of HIV transmission. This disease is in forms of symptomatic and asymptomatic in women and may depend on host as well as parasite variables. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the patients attending gynecology clinic with different symptoms and checked them for Trichomonas vaginalis infection. The vaginal secretion and urine samples of the patients attending gynecology clinic, Imam Reza Hospital, Amol City, were checked by direct smear and cultured in TYI-S-33 culture media. Out of 853 samples collected, 8[0.9%] were positive for T. vaginalis and the number of asymptomatic patients for trichomoniasis were 1.3 times more than infected samples belong to symptomatic ones. Per speculum examination revealed that 75% of T. vaginalis positive subjects had normal appearance of vagina and cervix. According to the epidemiological aspects, these asymptomatic patients are very important as healthy carriers, and T. vaginalis infections are commonly associated with other STDs and are a marker of high-risk sexual behavior. Thus laboratories could play important role for diagnosis of infection and help the physicians for proper treatment

Detection of pestivirus contamination in cellcultures by nested-PCR

In this study a nested-PCR assay was optimized for detection of two BVDVbiotype of NADL strain. Apart of 5' non-coding region of virus, 249 bp in size, was amplified in RT-PCR. PCR product was cloned in a pTZ57R/T vector and sequencing results confirmed the specificity of the test. Internal primers were designed and a 155 bp DNAfragment was amplified in nested-PCR. The 4 sensitivity of RT-PCR and nested-PCR for detection of virus in cell culture were found to be 10 2 TCID50 and 10 TCID50, respectively. Seven cell cultures were tested for BVDVcontamination using ELISA, RT-PCR and nested-PCR. Results indicate that sensitivity of molecular tests for detection of virus in cell culture samples is higher than ELISA

Evaluation of impaired glucose tolerance test in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome

Disorders of carbohydrate metablolism are among metabolic disorders which can be encountered in patients with PCO syndrome. The present study was designed to assess the relationship between PCOS and glucose intolerance in patients referring to obstetric clinic in Sanansaj in 2004. This study was a descriptive case-control study. The case group included 126 women at reproductive age with PCOS, confirmed with clinical, sonographic and laboratory data. Control group consisted of 126 women without any evidence of PCOS that were matched with the case group for age, weight, height, pregnancy number, method of contraception, history of abortion and still birth. Oral glucose tolerance test [GTT] using a st and ard 75 g glucose was performed and LH and FSH were checked for all subjects. Using SPSS win soft ware, data were analyzed by means of chi-square [lamda[2]] and T-tests. According to the results of this study the mean level of blood glucose, fasting and after 1 hour, did not show any significant differences; but after 2 and 3 hours we found remarkable differences in the glucose values between the two groups. Impaired glucose tolerance test was significantly higher in the case group. [17 vs. 2 and p=0.001 OR=9.67 Cl 2.08

Report of a case of Papillary cystic solid tumor of pancreas

Papillary cystic tumor of pancreas is a rare neoplasm which principally affects young women. It has a good prognosis and has a low malignant potential. Because of its similarity to other cystic pancreatic lesions, preoperative diagnosis is difficult to make. Our patient was a 19 years old girl who presented with an abdominal mass. Definitive diagnosis was not made preoperatively. The diagnosis of papillary cystic neoplasm was made through histopathological examination of the specimen after surgery. The patient has had no evidence of recurrence during the last six months. This rare tumor may be symptomless or may present with vague symptoms such as feeling of abdominal heaviness. Complete removal of the tumor will culminate in a low recurrence rate

[Comparing dressing with silver sulfadiazine and nitrofurazone on burn wound infection among the patients admitted to the pediatric burn ward in Tabriz, 2005]

Introduction: Burns are among the main public health problems throughout the world especially in the developing countries. In Iran burn injuries causes significant morbidity and mortality, especially among the pediatric population. Infection remains the most common cause of death in the severely burned patients. The proper use of topical antimicrobial agents decreases the occurrence of bacterial resistance and sepsis

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare two topical antimicrobial agents, Silver Sulfadiazine and Nitrofurazone, with respect to the rate of healing, infection and their treatment

Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study that used convenience sampling for 5 months on 60 cases that were admitted in the pediatric burn ward at the burn center of the Sina hospital, Tabriz, East Azarbijan, in 2005. Research population consisted of children who were admitted in this center and from among them; the patients who met the characteristics of research samples were selected after explaining the study to their parents and receiving their permission. They were allocated in random into two groups [control and experimental]. The tools were a questionnaire and a checklist. In this research one group was dressed with Silver Sulfadiazine cream and another group with Nitrofurazone and they were replaced once per day. For burn status assessment, in dressing change time, the wounds were considered regarding to the infection criteria and presence of epithelialization and granulation tissue. Also for each patient, bacterial cultures were taken three times by a swab. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed using the X[2]-test and T-test by means of SPSS software [version 11.5]

Results: Statistical analysis didn't show any significant difference between the two groups with regard to clinical signs of infection [P= 1.000] and microbiological study [P= 0.739]. Also there wasn't any significant difference between two groups with regard to re- epithelialization time [P= 0.763], hospitalization days [P=0.818] and cost of confinement [P= 0.969]

Conclusion: In this study, our hypothesis based on a difference between two topical antibacterial agents was rejected and it was seen that the efficacy of two drugs [Silver Sulfadiazine 1% cream and Nitrofurazone] were parallel. It indicated that over use of one drug can't be a reason for its efficacy. It seems that more attention should be paid on selecting the drug for burned patient treatment