Tailoring of interventional procedures for HCC patients-review article

One of the most frequent primary malignant tumors in the world is hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]. Currently, the optimal treatment methods for HCC are hepatic resection and liver transplantation. Unfortunately, surgical therapies are suitable for 20% of patients and those who are not eligible for surgery should undergo interventional therapies. In the past decade, a variety of interventional procedures have been employed for local control of hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] including transcatheter arterial chemoembolization [TACE] and many tumor ablation techniques, such as percutaneous ethanol injection [PEI], radio-frequency ablation [RFA], percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy [PMC], laser-induced interstitial thermotherapy [LITT], cryoablation, and acetic acid injection. By development of new technologies in imaging and drug delivery, it is likely that in the future patients with HCC will be treated by combination therapies to improve patient survival. Computed tomography [CT] and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] have a crucial role in diagnosis and also follow-up of HCC patients treated by interventional procedures, by which the treatment efficacy, recurrence of disease and certain complications are evaluated. In this review article, we discuss the imaging modalities and also tailoring of interventional procedures for HCC patients

Delayed post-traumatic parotid sialocele: report of a case

This case report documents one of the more unusual causes of a facial swelling in the preauricular and buccal region, post-traumatic parotid sialocele. Facial lacerations are common injuries; however, parotid gland involvement and, in particular, ductal transection is relatively uncommon and only 0.2% of such patients have a parotid gland injury. A sialocele typically develops 8 to 14 days after the injury but in our case, the presentation was delayed [8 months after trauma]. Sialography can play a significatnt role in the diagnosis of sialocele by indicating the extent of parotid duct injury. We describe a 17'year' old girl with progressive marked facial swelling in the left parotid and buccal area with past history of penetrating facial injury. Using text and images, we detail our diagnostic management. This case report illustrates the relationship of trauma to sialocele formation, while suggesting that sialography shoud be done in oral, neck and face masses suspected to be related to salivary ducts. Posttraumatic parotid sialocele should be considered in the differential diagnosis for any posttraumatic facial or high neck swelling