Spontaneous aortocaval fistula: a case report and literature review

Spontaneous aortocaval fistula is a rare complication of abdominal aortic aneurysms. We describe two cases of spontaneous aortocaval fistula. The first patient is a woman who was admitted with abdominal pain and pulsatile abdominal mass. Another patient was a man admitted with progressive abdominal pain and hypotension. Computed tomography [CT] scan in both patients showed an infrarenal aortic aneurysm and simultaneous contrast enhancement in the inferior vena cava. Both patients underwent an urgent laparotomy in which the diagnosis of an aortocaval fistula was confirmed. We review the literature on spontaneous aortocaval fistula as a consequence of complicated aortic aneurysms

unusual presentation of Lemierre syndrome

Lemierre syndrome is an entity defined by septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein following an oropharyngeal infection, which is usually acute and complicated by metastatic infection in different organs. The usual causative organism is Fusobacterium necrophorum. On looking back at the case reports of Lemierre syndrome, we have found different sites of primary infection and also different presentations depending on the primary site and the site of involvement resulting from metastatic septic embolization. However, chronic otitis media as the primary site of infection and bloody diarrhea as the presenting symptom were very rarely presented. The case presented here was referred to Faghihi hospital of our academic medical center with bloody diarrhea. After work ups, the patient was diagnosed as a case of Lemierre syndrome on the base of chronic otitis media

[Conductive arteriovenus fistula: comparison of patency rates, complications and outcome with upper arm and elbow [non-conductive] fistulas in a randomized clinical trial]

Background: A 18 month single-blinded randomized clinical trial was undertaken to compare the patency rate, complications and outcome of Conductive arterio-venous creation, a group of techniques using mediancubital and perforating veins for elbow and brachial fistulas, with Non-Conductive [brahiocephalic/brachiobasilic] fistulas in referred patients to SINA hospital for vascular access creation

Materials and methods: From May 2001 to December 2002, vascular access procedures were performed for 260 patients. 144 patients were followed for patency rate, complications and outcome

Results: Mean age was 53.4 + 16.7 years and 55.5% were male, patency rate was 81% in a 3 month follow up in Conductive and Non-Conductive group. Infection and neuro-muscular complications were not significantly different between groups. 3 venous hypertension and 2 steal syndrome developed in nonconductive group. The major complications, venous hypertension and steal syndrome, were treated by conversion to conductive fistula. In 16 [43%] patients, referred for synthetic graft, conductive fistula was created

Conclusions: Conductive AV fistula is a reasonable alternative for maintenance of hemodialysis access, particularly when other types of brachial and elbow fistula has failed or in cases of major complications. In addition, performing conductive fistula in patients referred for synthetic graft would decrease costs. At the end, further multi-central randomized clinical trails are recommended

Conductive arterioveous fistula: Comparison of patency rates, complications and outcome with upper arm and elbow [non-conductive] fistulas in a randomized clinical trial

A 18 month single-blinded randomized clinical trial was undertaken to compare the patency rate complications and outcome of Conductive arterio-venous creation, a group of techniques using mediancubital and perforating veins for elbow and brachial fistulas, with Non-Conductive [brachiocephalic/brachiobasilic] fistulas in referred patients to SINA hospital for vascular access creation. From may 2001 to December 2002, vascular access procedures were performed for 260 patients.144 patients were followed for patency rate, complications and outcome. Mean age was 53.4 + 16.7 years and 55.5% were male, patency rate was 81% in a 3 month follow up in Conductive and Non-Conductive group. Infection and neuro-muscular complications were not significantly different between groups. 3 venous hypertension and 2 steal syndrome developed in non-conductive group. The major complications, venous hypertension and steal syndrome, were treated by conversion to conductive fistula. In 16 [43%] patients, referred for synthetic graft,conductive fistula was created. Conductive AV fistula is a reasonable alternative for maintenance of hemodialysis access, particularly when other types of brachial and elbow fistula has failed or in cases of major complications. In addition, performing conductive fistula in patients referred for synthetic graft would decrease costs. At the end, further multi-centeral randomized clinical trails are recommended

investigation of the frequency of Persian typographical mistakes of MS and MD students in the faculties of medicine and dentistry

In scientific meetings, researchers present their research findings specially those derived from their dissertations. The scientific identity of the universities depend on the quality of these scientific documents. The more the principles of writing are observed in these dissertations, the more easily and fluently the writer's message is transferred to the readers. This is a descriptive study in which the mistakes in MS and MB students' dissertations were classified into five groups: spelling grammar, puncutation, organization and content. The data were anayzed by descriptive statistics. 18.92% of mistakes were typographical. In 13.61% of cases Hazmzeh was not written correctly. The most frequnet mistake was organizational and the least frequent one was grammatical. The findings revealed that in order to improve the quality of dissertations, students should pay more attention to spelling of words, punctuation, how to write Hamzeh, whether to connect the letter [B] to the noun or verb and whether to connect two words or not