RESUMO
Conjunctivitis is one of the most prevalent ophthalmic diseases. The most feasible treatment of that is using antibiotics. According to arising bacterial resistance to usual antibiotics and their side effects, and using of tea as a healing for ophthalmic diseases base on the traditional beliefs, this study was done to evaluate the antibacterial effect of tea on conjunctivitis diseases. In this experimental study, patients suffering from conjunctivitis were sampled from the ophthalmology clinic in Shahrekord, Iran. Samples were transferred to the microbiology lab and were subjected to differential culture media and diagnostic tests. Ten samples from each group [totally 30] were isolated from each of the three bacteria including S. aureus, S. epidermidis and S. pneumonia. These strains were separately tested using the pour plate technique with different dilutions of black tea extract. In addition, antibiograms were performed using standard antibiotic disks including vancomycin, Chloramphenicol, Oxacillin, Cefazolin and Ciprofloxacin. Data were analyzed using Chi square, t test and ANOVA. Findings of this study showed that tea extract had a dose dependant inhibatory effects on bacterial growth [P<0.05]. This antibacterial effect exists in densities of 50. This effect had a rise in shifting from 50 to 100 mg/ml [P<0.05]. According to this study's findings and comparison with similar previous studies, we might suggest tea extract as an antibacterial drug in conjunctivitis
RESUMO
Due to side effects of the drug and also tendency of people in using herbal medicine, this study aimed to evaluate the sinerjhist effects of three herbs Achillea millefolium, Artemisia absinthium and Juglans regia leaf combained extract on Leishmania major, so that in case of effectiveness in further studies possible alternative drugs can be formulated. Access to formulation drug without harmful chemical material and without side effects. In an experimental study four tubes were selected and the mixture of three herbs leaf extracts with concentrations of 25 mg/ml were prepared. After 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours sample were tested for dead or alive and also for their mobility of the parasite. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test. This study showed that combaind extracts of these three herbs caused an increase in immobility of the parasites. The rate of immobility had direct relationship with time and immobility was continuously increased after 24, 48 and 72 hours. The result were suggestive that three herbs leaf hydroalcoholic extracts were significantly more effective in reduction of parasite, in vitro [p<0.05]; however, Glucantime after 24 hours and amphotericin B after 30 minute caused immobility of parasite versus 24 hour for plant extract. Our study showed that the extracts of three mentioned herbs had effect on growth of Leishmania major, however further studies are needed to show effects of these herbs in animal models and voluntary infected people