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Background and Aim: Since proteasome is strongly considered to be involved in the development and progression of a wide variety of hematological malignancies in particular, multiple myeloma, blockage of this hemostasis system with different types of proteasome inhibitors seems to be a promising way of treatment for multiple myeloma. In this study, we investigated the effect of Kyprolis, a new irreversible proteasome inhibitor [PI], on the survival rate of multiple myeloma -derived KMM-1 cell line
Material and Methods: To evaluate whether inhibition of proteasome using Kyprolis could exert cytotoxic effect in multiple myeloma, KMM-1 cells were cultured with different concentrations [25-150 nM] of the inhibitor for 24 and 48 hours. Then trypan blue exclusion assay, MTT assay, flocytometric cell cycle analysis were performed and we evaluated gene expression changes associated with apoptosis
Results: The results of this study demonstrated that Kyprolis induced both cytotoxic and anti- proliferative effects on KMM-1 cells. This inhibitor is able to reduce the cell survival and metabolic activity in a dose- and also time-dependent manner [p
Conclusions: The results of this study clearly indicated that Kyprolis had anti-tumor activity against KMM-1 cells
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Background and purpose: Dermatophytes are a group of keratophilic fungi, some of which produce arthroconidia under invivo conditions and these seem to have an important role in pathogenecity. Arthroconidia formation is a characteristic of dermatophyte infection of skin, hair and nail. The present study is intended to study the effects of environmental factors and conventional antifungal drugs on the production of this pathogenic agent in some dermatophytes
Methods and materials: This is a descriptive analytical study involving the research population of patients with dermatophytosis admitted to Razi hospital in Tehran, Iran, during 2006-2007. Fifty patients were selected through convenient sampling, and were include in the study after direct microscopic examination confirmed the disease. In the present study, the environmental factors including the media [SDA, SDA+NaCl 1%, 3% and 5%, Trichophyton agar no.1 and SDB], temperature, PH, CO2 and the conventional antifungal drugs [Geriseofulvin, Clotrimazole, Itraconazole Terbinafin, and Betametasone] were observed for their effects on arthroconidia production in Trichophyton Verucosum, Trichophyton riolaseum, Epidermophyton floccosum Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton Mentagrophytes. The obtained data were analyzed using Chi- Square and student t-test
Results: The highest production rate of arthroconidia occurred in SDA with PH [7.5], CO2 pressure 10% and temperature of 37?C after 10 days. No growth was observed at the temperature of 42?C and in a media of NaCl 3% or higher. Geriseofulvin, Clotrimazole and Betametazone stimulated arthroconidia production but Itraconazole and particularly Terbinafin stopped and controlled its production
Conclusion: The results of this study emphasized the importance of arthroconidia production and its being influenced by environmental factors such as PH, CO2 pressure and media in dermatophytes
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Background: Hepatitis C virus [HCV] infection is common among patients undergoing hemodialysis, and chronic liver disease is an important cause of mortality in this population
Objective: This study was conducted in 2000 to investigate the prevalence of HCV infection and associated risk factors among patients on hemodialysis in Qazvin
Methods: In this case series study 68 patients on hemodialysis in Qazvin were selected randomly and all were checked for anti-HCV antibodies, using ELISA 2[nd] and confirmed using RIBA 2[nd]
Findings: 16 patients [23.9%] were infected. Patients' sex, educational level, history of upper GI endoscopy and previous renal transplantation had no impact on HCV infection rate, but blood transfusion was an important risk factor for HCV infection [P=0.02]. The more units transfused, the greater rate of HCV infection was reported [P=0.003]. Moreover,the mean time of hemodialysis was significantly longer in HCV Ab positive cases [P=0.007]
Conclusion: It seems that early transplantation and avoidance of blood transfusion as much as possible- forexample by using erithropoietin are the two most important practical interventions to reduce HCV exposure rate in patients on hemodialysis
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Within a 2-year period 100 patients with molluscum contagiosum [M.C.] were studied for the presence of hyphae-like structures in their white core which is expressed from the center of the lesions. We prepared the white core of M.C. papules buffered with 20% KOH for direct microscopic examination, and found hyphae-like structures in 55% of patients. Culture of white core for fungi and yeasts, and P.A.S. staining of tissues obtained by biopsy of skin lesions were negative in 27 and eight patients, respectively