RESUMO
Background: Antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates are the main nosocomial infection agent and the norB efflux pump plays an important role in antibiotic resistance
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of Anthemis atropatana extract and analysis of its anti-efflux activity on ciprofloxacin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains
Methods: In this experimental study, the A. atropatana extract was prepared by maceration technique and its phytochemical composition was analyzed by GC/MS method. Subsequently, norB efflux pump was detected in 50 clinical isolates of S. aureus using cartwheel and PCR methods. Finally, after treatment of strains with SubMIC concentration of extract, its anti-efflux activity was evaluated via Real Time PCR
Results: GC-MS analysis of A. atropatana extract was shown the most frequent component was belonged to Dodecane [9.8%] and Tridecane [6.4%]. Moreover, the cartwheel and PCR methods was showed that out of 50 isolates, 10 isolates had norB efflux pump. In addition to, after treatment of strains with subMIC concentration of A. atropatana extract, the Real Time PCR results was indicated that the norB gene expression was down-regulated
Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in this study, it seems that the extract has potential uses for pharmaceutical industries
RESUMO
The quality of life [QOL] is an important indicator in management of the patients with diabetes Mellitus. The assessment of the QOL in patients with diabetes has been ignored in the kashan city. This investigation is performed in order to study the QOL and other associated factors in diabetes in Kashan diabetes center in 2006. In a cross-sectional study the three dimensions of QOL [general, health related and total] were evaluated among the random selection of 310 patients with diabetes referring to Kashan Diabetes Ceneter in 2006. A standard questionnaire was employed for this study. The relationship between QOL and other variables were analysed by SPSS 16 using T student, pearson, chi 2 and regression statistical methods. The 66.1% of the patients had low Total QOL. The health related QOL was low in 73.9% patients while the general QOL was low in 51.6% of patients. Only 11.3% of patients had high Total QOL. Insulin therapy, the kidney disease and hypertension had adverse affect in Total QOL [P>0.005]. The kind of diabetes, BMI, age and marital status had no significant relationship with QOL. The QOL in all dimensions was low in majority of patients. To improve the QOL in the patients, the management of the patients should focus on decreasing the complications of diabetes
RESUMO
The most effective therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C and B is combined therapy with interferon. These treatments, however, cause varying degrees of adverse effects; which may negatively affect the patients' vitality, social activity, and ability to work. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of an educational program about using interferon, properly, self-management of side effects and follow up on the quality of life of the patients with hepatitis B and C. This semi-experimental study was performed on patients with chronic hepatitis B and C subjected to interferon therapy, in Tehran hepatitis center. Sixty patients selected by available sampling method were divided randomly into two equal groups of control and case. Data was gathered using demographic information questionnaire [DIQ] and the specific chronic liver disease questionnaire [CLDQ]. The educational program consisted of four 45-minute sessions. Then the patients were followed up for 28 weeks. Quality of life of the patients was assessed before and 28 weeks after the educational program and interferon therapy. Quality of life of the two groups was compared using Chi- Square. Manwitny and Wilkakson tests. There was no statistically significant difference in demographic characteristics between the two groups. The quality of life of the case group was increased [p<0.001] but did not change in the control group. After 28 weeks, all the checked aspects of the life, except activity, were significantly different between the two groups. Also, the rate of treatment stopping in the control group was 4 times more than that in the control one. The results showed that educational programs improve the quality of life of the interferon-therapy patients