Administration of three natural products as protective agents against the genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of methotrexate in mice [mus musculus]

Methotrexate is an antimetabolite and antifolate drug. It is used in treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases. 210 healthy adult male Swiss albino mice [Mus musculus], were allotted among three groups. The animal were given daily [0.065mg/ml] of methotrexate intraperitonealy followed by injection of Omega-3 plus at dose [8.58 mg/20g mice], Apple at dose [1.43 mg/20 g mice] and Psyllium at dose [18.2mg /20 g mice] for five days. Various Structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells; mitotic activity and sperm head abnormality were recorded, quantitated, and statistically analyzed. Also DNA extraction and apoptosis detection in liver was done. The intensity of apoptotic bands located at 200 b p; 400b p ; 600 b p;800 b p and intact DNA measured by software Gel Pro program as maximum optical density values. Methotrexate had adverse effect on chromosomal and sperm head structure, also it induce apoptosis, necrosis and decrease total DNA in mice liver.Omega-3 plus, Apple, and Psyllium attenuate the methotrexate-related toxic effects

Curative effect of bone marrow cells transplantation and/or low dose gamma irradiation on liver injuries induced by carbon tetrachloride

Liver is the most common target for toxic injury. Toxic agents include chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride [CCl4] and trichloroethylene. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bone marrow cells [BMC] transplantation and/or fractionated low doses [0.5 Gy] gamma radiation on established liver fibrosis induced by CCl4. BMCs of male albino rats were transplanted into 4-weeks carbon tetrachloride [CCl4]-treated and/or fractionated low doses [0.5 Gy] gamma irradiated rats through the tail vein, and the rats were treated for 4 more weeks with CCl4 [total 8 weeks]. Histological and ultrastructural investigations revealed that both bone marrow cells transplantation and low dose [0.5 Gy] gamma radiation exposure with continuous CCl4 injection had reduced liver fibrosis as compared with rats treated with CCl4 alone

Immunohaematologyical and cytogenetic changes in operating room personnel

This study aimed to assess immunohematological changes and cytogenetic risk in 27 theater personnel using unscavenged technique. They included nine anesthetists, nine nurses and nine technicians compared with ten non-exposed control subjects of matched age, sex and smoking status. Their exposure in terms of duration of occupation ranged from 16 months to 17 years. The study revealed no role of smoking on the induction of higher frequency of CA in the control or exposed subjects. Similarly, females exposed to inhalation waste anesthetics showed a higher insignificant increase in the frequency of total CA compared with exposed males. These findings indicated numerous immunohematological changes and the possible risk of cytogenetic damage for theater personnel working in unscavenged room and indicated that careful measures should be taken to minimize the risk of exposure

Radiotoxicity of gamma rays and radioprotection of antioxidant vitamins against sperm head malformation in irradiated mice

In this study, 140 Swiss albino mice [Mus muscularis] aged 7 weeks and weight 15-20 gm. were used. The animals were sorted into groups, one of them was irradiated with two concentration of gamma rays 300 and 900 rad, other groups were treated with aqueous vitamin C solution; vitamin E solution dissolved in olive oil and both of them together [C and E] at two concentrations, 100 and 500 mg/kg/day for one month, then radiated in two doses 300 and 900 rad. Sperm head abnormalities in non irradiated; irradiated and pretreated with vitamins groups then irradiated were recorded. The irradiation with 300 and 900 rad caused an increase in the sperm head abnormalities compared to the control. On the other hand, animals pretreated with vitamins each alone and combination of the two together showed a decrease in the percentage of abnormalities caused by irradiation. So, vitamin C and vitamin E [antioxidant] were considered as radioprotection

Some abnormal maternal behaviours and their relation with chromosomal aberration in rabbits

Forty doe rabbits of both breeds [New Zeal and Native] were used through consecutive three parities to investigate the possibility of the effect of chromosomal aberrations on some abnormal maternal behavior [failure of the doe to build a maternal nest on the day of or prior to delivery, scattering and cannibalism]. The results revealed that there was a significant increase in the mean number of cells with structural aberrations in all does having abnormal maternal behavior with the exception of end to end association and centrometric attenuation in the native does. The numerical aberrations showed a significant effect only at two types of aberrations [monosomic and trisomic] in the New Zeal and does and also in polyploidy only in the native ones. Also, the results revealed that there was a significant increase in values of mitotic activity in does showing abnormal maternal behavior than those having normal maternal behavior. The results indicated that, the New Zeal and does which show abnormal maternal behavior have more genetic disorders than those of the native ones